411 REFERENCE · Wikipedia
उर्दू-भाषी लोग
Reference material by Wikipedia contributors. This retains its source identity and is not 411 news reporting.
उर्दू के मूल वक्ता पूरे दक्षिण एशिया में फैले हुए हैं।https://books.google.com/books?id=rdtjAAAAMAAJ&q=Urdudaan Just Between Us: Women Speak about Their Writing Joseph Ammu 2004 Women's World, India 978-81-88965-15-1 enhttps://books.google.com/books?id=nCehAwAAQBAJ&dq=Urdudaans&pg=PT105 The Taste of Words: An Introduction to Urdu Poetry Mir Raza 15 June 2014 Penguin UK 978-93-5118-725-7 en इनकी सबसे बड़ी जनसंख्या भारत के उत्तरी क्षेत्र में स्थित हिंदी–उर्दू पट्टी के मुस्लिम समुदायों से संबंधित है।During early days of British India, North Indian people of many faiths, including Hindus, self-identified as Urdu-speakers prior to the mid-19th century, after which they self-identified as Hindi-speakers. noteAzadi: Freedom. Fascism. Fiction. Roy Arundhati 1 September 2020 Haymarket Books 978-1-64259-380-8 English The language known variously as Urdu/Hindi/Hindustani, and in an earlier era, Hindavi, was born on the streets and in the bazaars of North India. Khari Boli, spoken in and around Delhi and what is now western Uttar Pradesh, is the base language of which the Persian lexicon came to be added. Urdu, written in the Persian-Arabic script, was spoken by Hindus and Muslims across North India and the Deccan Plateau. ... The partitioning orf Urdu began in earnest in the second half of the nineteenth century, after the failed 1857 Ware of Independence (known to the British as the Mutiny), when India ceased to be merely an asset of the East India Company.The Palgrave Handbook of Economics and Language Ginsburgh V. Weber S. 8 April 2016 Springer 978-1-137-32505-1 English Urdu is a stylized version of the colloquial language spoken by both Muslims and Hindus in what is now central north India.https://books.google.com/books?id=Vc1fAQAAQBAJ&q=Urdu+cultural+contact+Hindus+Muslims&pg=PT185 Urdu Literary Culture: Vernacular Modernity in the Writing of Muhammad Hasan Askari Farooqi M. 2012 Springer 978-1-137-02692-7 en Historically speaking, Urdu grew out of interaction between Hindus and Muslims. He noted that Urdu is not the language of Muslims alone, although Muslims may have played a larger role in making it a literary language. Hindu poets and writers could and did bring specifically Hindu cultural elements into Urdu and these were accepted. इसके बाद, दक्षिण-मध्य भारत के दक्कन पठार में स्थित दक्कनी लोग, जो दक्कनी उर्दू बोलते हैं, और पाकिस्तान के अधिकांश मुहाजिर समुदाय शामिल हैं। इसके अतिरिक्त, बांग्लादेश में भी कुछ बिहारी उर्दू-भाषी समुदाय पाए जाते हैं।https://www.iri.org/resources/new-bangladesh-report-reveals-priorities-of-the-bihari-minority/ New Bangladesh Report Reveals Priorities of the Bihari Minority 2020-02-11 International Republican Institute https://web.archive.org/web/20220926190315/https://www.iri.org/resources/new-bangladesh-report-reveals-priorities-of-the-bihari-minority/ 26 September 2022 2025-06-23 deadhttps://books.google.com/books?id=gZ_hCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA96 The Bengal Diaspora: Rethinking Muslim migration Claire Alexander Joya Chatterji Annu Jalais 6 November 2015 Routledge 978-1-317-33593-1 96–Carl Skutsch Encyclopedia of the World's Minorities https://books.google.com/books?id=iSUKAgAAQBAJ&pg=PT2234 7 November 2013 Taylor & Francis 978-1-135-19395-9 2234–
दिल्ली और लखनऊ जैसे शहर पारंपरिक रूप से उर्दू भाषा और साहित्य के प्रमुख केंद्र रहे हैं।Urdu: An Essential Grammar Schmidt Ruth Laila 8 December 2005 Routledge 978-1-134-71319-6 en Historically, Urdu developed from the sub-regional language of the Delhi area, which became a literary language in the eighteenth century. Two quite similar standard forms of the language developed in Delhi, and in Lucknow in modern Uttar Pradesh. Since 1947, a third form, Karachi standard Urdu, has evolved.Constitutional languages Mahapatra B. P. 1989 Presses Université Laval 978-2-7637-7186-1 553 en Modern Urdu is a fairly homogenous language. An older southern form, Deccani Urdu, is now obsolete. Two varieties however, must be mentioned viz. The Urdu of Delhi, and the Urdu of Lucknow. Both are almost identical, differing only in some minor points. Both of these varieties are considered 'Standard Urdu' with some minor divergences. लाहौर में भी एक समय में उर्दू की एक भिन्न शैली बोली जाती थी, जो अब लुप्त हो चुकी है। यह शैली "उर्दू" शब्द के प्रचलन से पहले बोली जाती थी, किंतु आज इसकी जानकारी बहुत सीमित है क्योंकि यह सदियों पूर्व उपयोग से बाहर हो चुकी है।Literacy in the Persian World: Writing and Social Order 19 March 2012 University of Pennsylvania Press, 2012 978-1934536568 Brian Spooner 296 William L. Hanaway
"उर्दू-भाषी" शब्द उन संस्कृतिक रूप से गैर-मूल वक्ताओं को शामिल नहीं करता जो उर्दू को अपनी प्रथम या द्वितीय भाषा के रूप में प्रयोग करते हैं। यदि ऐसे व्यक्तियों को भी शामिल किया जाए, तो दक्षिण एशिया में उर्दू बोलने वालों की कुल संख्या कहीं अधिक हो जाती है।
यह भी देखें
मुहाजिर (पाकिस्तान)
देश के अनुसार उर्दू बोलने वाले
संदर्भ
30em
श्रेणी:पाकिस्तान की जातियाँ