माइक्रोप्रोसेसर विकास का कालक्रम

1970 का दशक सबसे पहले १९७० के दशक में कुछ माइक्रोप्रोसेसर बनाए गए थे। तिथि नाम विकासकर्ता अधिकतम क्लॉक(पथम संस्करण) वर्ड आकार(बिट्स) प्रक्रिया चिप्सBelzer Jack Holzman Albert G. Kent Allen Encyclopedia of Computer Science and Technology: Volume 10 - Linear and Matrix Algebra to Microorganisms: Computer-Assisted Identification 1978 CRC Press 9780824722609 402 https://books.google.com/books?id=iBsUXrgKBKkC&pg=PA402 12 जुलाई 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20200607221233/https://books.google.com/books?id=iBsUXrgKBKkC&pg=PA402 7 जून 2020 live ट्रांजिस्टर मॉसफेट Ref Reference(s) 1971 4004 Intel 740 kHz 4 10 μm 1 2,250 pMOS 1972 PPS-25 Fairchild 400 kHz 4   2 pMOS Ogdin 1975 57–59, 77According to Ogdin 1975, the Fairchild PPS-25 was first delivered in 2Q 1971 and the Intel 4004 in 4Q 1971. 1972 μPD700 NEC   4   1 1970s: Development and evolution of microprocessors https://web.archive.org/web/20190627161417/http://www.shmj.or.jp/english/pdf/ic/exhibi748E.pdf 27 जून 2019 , Semiconductor History Museum of Japan 1972 8008 Intel 500 kHz 8 10 μm 1 3,500 pMOS 1972 PPS-4 Rockwell 200 kHz 4   1 pMOS Ogdin 1975 72, 77http://www.antiquetech.com/?page_id=796 Rockwell PPS-4 The Antique Chip Collector's Page 2010-06-14 https://web.archive.org/web/20200103094612/http://www.antiquetech.com/?page_id=796 3 जनवरी 2020 dead 1973 μCOM-4 NEC 2 MHz 4 7.5 μm 1 2,500 NMOS Ryoichi Mori Hiroaki Tajima Morihiko Tajima Yoshikuni Okada October 1977 Microprocessors in Japan Euromicro Newsletter 3 4 50–7 (51, Table 2.2) 10.1016/0303-1268(77)90111-0http://www.antiquetech.com/chips/NEC751.htm NEC 751 (uCOM-4) The Antique Chip Collector's Page https://web.archive.org/web/20110525202756/http://www.antiquetech.com/chips/NEC751.htm 2011-05-25 dead 2010-06-11 1973 TLCS-12 Toshiba 1 MHz 12 6 μm 1 2,800 silicon gates pMOS 1973: 12-bit engine-control microprocessor (Toshiba) https://web.archive.org/web/20190627203018/http://www.shmj.or.jp/english/pdf/ic/exhibi739E.pdf 27 जून 2019 , Semiconductor History Museum of Japan 1973 Mini-D Burroughs 1 MHz 8   1 pMOS Ogdin 1975 55, 77 1974 IMP-8 National 715 kHz 8   3 pMOS Ogdin 1975 77 1974 8080 Intel 2 MHz 8 6 μm 1 6,000 NMOS 1974 μCOM-8 NEC 2 MHz 8   1 NMOS 1974 5065 Mostek 1.4 MHz 8   1 pMOS Ogdin 1975 65, 77 1974 μCOM-16 NEC 2 MHz 16   2 NMOS 1974 IMP-4 National 500 kHz 4   3 pMOS 1974 4040 Intel 740 kHz 4 10 μm 1 3,000 pMOS 1974 6800 Motorola 1 MHz 8 - 1 4,100 NMOS 1974 TMS 1000 Texas Instruments 400 kHz 4 8 μm 1 8,000 1974 PACE National   16   1 pMOS Allen Kent, James G. Williams Encyclopedia of Microcomputers 1990 Marcel Dekker 7 Evolution of Computerized Maintenance Management to Generation of Random Numbers 0-8247-2706-1 336 1974 ISP-8A/500 (SC/MP) National 1 MHz 8   1 pMOS 1975 6100 Intersil 4 MHz 12 - 1 4,000 CMOS Jeff Little Intersil Intercept Jr 2009-03-04 ClassicCmp http://www.classiccmp.org/pipermail/cctech/2009-March/063949.html 12 जुलाई 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20141003082813/http://www.classiccmp.org/pipermail/cctech/2009-March/063949.html 3 अक्तूबर 2014 dead Intersil IM6100 CMOS 12 Bit Microprocessor family databook http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/dec/pdp8/cmos8/IM6100.pdf 12 जुलाई 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20200518032120/http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/dec/pdp8/cmos8/IM6100.pdf 18 मई 2020 dead 1975 TLCS-12A Toshiba 1.2 MHz 12 - 1 pMOS 1975 2650 Signetics 1.2 MHz 8   1 NMOS 1975 PPS-8 Rockwell 256 kHz 8   1 pMOS 1975 F-8 Fairchild 2 MHz 8   1 NMOS 1975 CDP 1801 RCA 2 MHz 8 5 μm 2 5,000 CMOS RCA COSMAC 1801 The Antique Chip Collector's Page http://www.antiquetech.com/chips/RCA1801.htm 2010-06-14 https://web.archive.org/web/20130903114633/http://www.antiquetech.com/chips/RCA1801.htm 3 सितंबर 2013 dead CDP 1800 μP Commercially available Microcomputer Digest 2 4 1–3 October 1975 http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/microcomputerAssociates/Microcomputer_Digest_v02n04_Oct75.pdf 12 जुलाई 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20190923120937/http://bitsavers.org/pdf/microcomputerAssociates/Microcomputer_Digest_v02n04_Oct75.pdf 23 सितंबर 2019 dead 1975 6502 MOS Technology 1 MHz 8 - 1 3,510 NMOS (dynamic) 1975 IMP-16 National 715 kHz 16   5 pMOS Ogdin 1975 70, 77http://www.antiquetech.com/chips/NSIMP-16.htm National Semiconductor IMP-16 The Antique Chip Collector's Page 2010-06-14 7 फ़रवरी 2002 https://web.archive.org/web/20020207082859/http://www.antiquetech.com/chips/NSIMP-16.htm bot: unknown 1975 PFL-16A (MN 1610) Panafacom 2 MHz 16 - 1 NMOS 1975 BPC Hewlett Packard 10 MHz 16 - 1 6,000 (+ ROM) NMOS http://www.hp9825.com/html/hybrid_microprocessor.html Hybrid Microprocessor 2008-06-15 https://web.archive.org/web/20200111234544/http://www.hp9825.com/html/hybrid_microprocessor.html 11 जनवरी 2020 dead HP designs Custom 16-bit μC Chip Microcomputer Digest 2 4 8 October 1975 http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/microcomputerAssociates/Microcomputer_Digest_v02n04_Oct75.pdf 12 जुलाई 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20190923120937/http://bitsavers.org/pdf/microcomputerAssociates/Microcomputer_Digest_v02n04_Oct75.pdf 23 सितंबर 2019 dead 1975 MCP-1600 Western Digital 3.3 MHz 16 - 3 NMOS 1975 CP1600 General Instrument 3.3 MHz 16   1 NMOS David Russell Microprocessor survey Microprocessors 2 1 13–20, See p. 18 February 1978 10.1016/0308-5953(78)90071-5Microprocessors — The Early Years 1971–1974 The Antique Chip Collector's Page http://www.antiquetech.com/history/mpu1971-1974.htm 2010-06-16 https://web.archive.org/web/20130604075458/http://www.antiquetech.com/history/mpu1971-1974.htm 4 जून 2013 dead CP1600 16-Bit Single-Chip Microprocessor 1977 data sheet General Instrument http://www.rhoent.com/cp_lp.pdf 2010-06-18 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20110526031123/http://www.rhoent.com/cp_lp.pdf 2011-05-26 1976 CDP 1802 RCA 6.4 MHz 8   1 CMOS RCA COSMAC 1802 The Antique Chip Collector's Page http://www.antiquetech.com/chips/RCA1802.htm 2010-06-14 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20130102213115/http://www.antiquetech.com/chips/RCA1802.htm 2013-01-02 CDP 1802 Microcomputer Digest 2 10 1, 4 April 1976 http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/microcomputerAssociates/Microcomputer_Digest_v02n10_Apr76.pdf 12 जुलाई 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20200518032139/http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/microcomputerAssociates/Microcomputer_Digest_v02n10_Apr76.pdf 18 मई 2020 dead 1976 Z-80 Zilog 2.5 MHz 8 4 μm 1 8,500 NMOS 1976 TMS9900 Texas Instruments 3.3 MHz 16 - 1 8,000 1976 8x300 Signetics 8 MHz 8   1 Bipolar Hans Hoffman John Nemec A fast microprocessor for control applications Euromicro Newsletter 3 3 53–59 April 1977 10.1016/0303-1268(77)90010-4Microprocessors — The Explosion 1975–1976 The Antique Chip Collector's Page http://www.antiquetech.com/history/mpu1975-1976.htm 2010-06-18 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20090909151455/http://www.antiquetech.com/history/mpu1975-1976.htm 2009-09-09 1977 Bellmac-8 (WE212) Bell Labs 2.0 MHz 8 5 μm 1 7,000 CMOS 1977 8085 Intel 3.0 MHz 8 3 μm 1 6,500 1977 MC14500B Motorola 1.0 MHz 1 1 CMOS 1978 6809 Motorola 1 MHz 8 5 μm 1 40,000 1978 8086 Intel 5 MHz 16 3 μm 1 29,000 1978 6801 Motorola - 8 5 μm 1 35,000 1979 Z8000 Zilog - 16 - 1 17,500 1979 8088 Intel 5 MHz 8/16The Intel 8088 had an 8-bit external data bus, but internally used a 16-bit architecture. 3 μm 1 29,000 NMOS (HMOS) 1979 68000 Motorola 8 MHz 16/32The Motorola 68000 had a 16-bit external data bus, but internally used 32-bit registers. 3.5 μm 1 68,000 NMOS (HMOS) Chip Hall of Fame: Motorola MC68000 Microprocessor https://spectrum.ieee.org/tech-history/silicon-revolution/chip-hall-of-fame-motorola-mc68000-microprocessor IEEE Spectrum Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers 19 June 2019 30 June 2017 https://web.archive.org/web/20190705221620/https://spectrum.ieee.org/tech-history/silicon-revolution/chip-hall-of-fame-motorola-mc68000-microprocessor 5 जुलाई 2019 live 1980 का दशक 1980 के दशक में १६ बिट तथा ३२ बिट के माइक्रोप्रोसेसर बनाना सामान्य बात हो गयी थी। NMOS तकनीकी के स्थान पर CMOS तकनीकी आ गयी थी। इस दशक में ट्रांजिस्टरों की संख्या में अत्यधिक वृद्धि हुई। तिथि नाम विकासकर्ता क्लॉक वर्ड आकार(बिट्स) प्रक्रम ट्रांजिस्टर 1980 16032 National Semiconductor - 16/32 - 60,000 1981 6120 Harris Corporation 10 MHz 12 - 20,000 (CMOS)Harris CMOS Digital Data Book 4–3–21 http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/dec/pdp8/cmos8/HD6120.pdf 12 जुलाई 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20190929081038/http://bitsavers.org/pdf/dec/pdp8/cmos8/HD6120.pdf 29 सितंबर 2019 dead 1981 ROMP IBM 10 MHz 32 2 μm 45,000 1981 T-11 DEC 2.5 MHz 16 5 μm 17,000 (NMOS) 1982 RISC-Ihttp://www.cs.berkeley.edu/~pattrsn/Arch/prototypes2.html Berkeley Hardware Prototypes 2008-06-15 https://web.archive.org/web/20160304202605/http://www.cs.berkeley.edu/~pattrsn/Arch/prototypes2.html 4 मार्च 2016 dead UC Berkeley 1 MHz - 5 μm 44,420 (NMOS) 1982 FOCUS Hewlett Packard 18 MHz 32 1.5 μm 450,000 1982 80186 Intel 6 MHz 16 - 55,000 ? 80C186 Intel 6 MHz 16 - (CMOS) 1982 80188 Intel 8 MHz 8/16 - 29,000 1982 80286 Intel 6 MHz 16 1.5 μm 134,000 1983 RISC-II UC Berkeley 3 MHz - 3 μm 40,760 (NMOS) 1983 MIPS 10.1145/2465.214917 Reduced instruction set computers 1985 Patterson, David A. Communications of the ACM 28 8–21 Stanford University 2 MHz 32 3 μm 25,000 1984 68020 Motorola 16 MHz 32 2 μm 190,000 1984 32032 National Semiconductor - 32 - 70,000 1984 V20 NEC 5 MHz 8/16 - 63,000 1985 80386 Intel 16–40 MHz 32 1.5 μm 275,000 1985 MicroVax II 78032 DEC 5 MHz 32 3.0 μm 125,000 1985 R2000 MIPS 8 MHz 32 2 μm 115,000 1985Forth chips list 2010 UltraTechnology http://www.ultratechnology.com/chips.htm 12 जुलाई 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20200208222705/http://www.ultratechnology.com/chips.htm 8 फ़रवरी 2020 live Novix NC4016 Harris Corporation 8 MHz 16 3 μmPhilip J. Koopman 4.4 Architecture of the NOVIX NC4016 https://www.ece.cmu.edu/~koopman/stack_computers/sec4_4.html Stack Computers: the new wave E. Horwood 1989 0745804187 http://users.ece.cmu.edu/~koopman/stack_computers/ 12 जुलाई 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20200131230831/http://users.ece.cmu.edu/~koopman/stack_computers/ 31 जनवरी 2020 dead 16,000Tom Hand The Harris RTX 2000 Microcontroller Journal of Forth Application and Research 6 1 0738-2022 1994 http://soton.mpeforth.com/flag/jfar/vol6/no1/article1.pdf 12 जुलाई 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20200224145720/http://soton.mpeforth.com/flag/jfar/vol6/no1/article1.pdf 24 फ़रवरी 2020 dead 1986 Z80000 Zilog - 32 - 91,000 1986 SPARC MB86900 FujitsuFujitsu to take ARM into the realm of Super http://www.cpushack.com/2016/06/21/fujitsu-to-take-arm-into-the-realm-of-super/ The CPU Shack Museum June 21, 2016 30 June 2019 https://web.archive.org/web/20190630094926/http://www.cpushack.com/2016/06/21/fujitsu-to-take-arm-into-the-realm-of-super/ 30 जून 2019 dead Fujitsu SPARC http://www.cpu-collection.de/?tn=0&l0=cl&l1=SPARC&l2=Fujitsu cpu-collection.de 30 June 2019 https://web.archive.org/web/20160806032335/http://www.cpu-collection.de/?tn=0&l0=cl&l1=SPARC&l2=Fujitsu 6 अगस्त 2016 dead Timeline https://sparc.org/timeline/ SPARC International 30 June 2019 https://web.archive.org/web/20190424043743/http://sparc.org/timeline/ 24 अप्रैल 2019 dead 40 MHz 32 0.8 μm 800,000 1986 V60Kimura S, Komoto Y, Yano Y Implementation of the V60/V70 and its FRM function https://archive.org/details/ieee-micro_1988-04_8_2/page/22 IEEE Micro 8 2 22–36 1988 10.1109/40.527 NEC 16 MHz 16/32 1.5 μm 375,000 1987 CVAX 78034 DEC 12.5 MHz 32 2.0 μm 134,000 1987 ARM2 Acorn 8 MHz 32 2 μm 25,000C Green P Gülzow L Johnson K Meinzer J Miller The Experimental IHU-2 Aboard P3D Amsat Journal 22 2 Mar–Apr 1999 http://www.amsat.org/amsat/articles/g3ruh/124.html The first processor using these principles, called ARM-1, was fabricated by VLSI in April 1985, and gave startling performance for the time, whilst using barely 25,000 transistors 12 जुलाई 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20200207041454/https://www.amsat.org/amsat/articles/g3ruh/124.html 7 फ़रवरी 2020 live 1987 Gmicro/200Inayoshi H, Kawasaki I, Nishimukai T, Sakamura K Realization of Gmicro/200 https://archive.org/details/ieee-micro_1988-04_8_2/page/12 IEEE Micro 8 2 12–21 1988 10.1109/40.526 Hitachi - - 1 μm 730,000 1987 68030 Motorola 16 MHz 32 1.3 μm 273,000 1987 V70 NEC 20 MHz 16/32 1.5 μm 385,000 1988 R3000 MIPS 12 MHz 32 1.2 μm 120,000 1988 80386SX Intel 12–33 MHz 16/32 - - 1988 i960 Intel 10 MHz 33/32 1.5 μm 250,000 1989 i960CAIntel i960 Embedded Microprocessor http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/optics/olympusmicd/galleries/chips/intel960b.html National High Magnetic Field Laboratory Florida State University 29 June 2019 3 March 2003 3 मार्च 2003 https://web.archive.org/web/20030303223737/http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/optics/olympusmicd/galleries/chips/intel960b.html bot: unknown Intel 1633 MHz 33/32 0.8 μm 600,000 1989 VAX DC520 "Rigel" DEC 35 MHz 32 1.5 μm 320,000 1989 80486 Intel 25 MHz 32 1 μm 1,180,000 1989 i860 Intel 25 MHz 32 1 μm 1,000,000 1990 का दशक १९९० के दशक में ३२-बिट माइक्रोप्रोसेसर छाए हुए थे। तिथि नाम विकासकर्ता क्लॉक वर्ड आकार(बिट्स) प्रक्रम ट्रांजिस्टर(दस लाख) थ्रेड 1990 68040 Motorola 40 MHz 32 - 1.2 1990 POWER1 IBM 20–30 MHz 32 1,000 nm 6.9 1991 R4000 MIPS Computer Systems 100 MHz 64 800 nm 1.35 1991 NVAX DEC 62.5–90.91 MHz - 750 nm 1.3 1991 RSC IBM 33 MHz 32 800 nm 1.0Moore CR, Balser DM, Muhich JS, East RE IBM Single Chip RISC Processor (RSC) Proceedings of the 1991 IEEE International Conference on Computer Design on VLSI in Computer & Processors IEEE Computer Society 200–4 1992 http://zmoore.net/RSC%20ICCD92.pdf 0-8186-3110-4 12 जुलाई 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20131004213712/http://zmoore.net/RSC%20ICCD92.pdf 4 अक्तूबर 2013 dead 1992 SH-1 Hitachi 20 MHzEmbedded-DSP SuperH Family and Its Applications Hitachi Review 1998 47 4 121–7 Hitachi https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/5ef8/dda794a72f0f9c3c347b0a2db9bd1a081571.pdf 5 July 2019 https://web.archive.org/web/20190225114235/http://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/5ef8/dda794a72f0f9c3c347b0a2db9bd1a081571.pdf 25 फ़रवरी 2019 live 32 800 nm 0.6SH Microprocessor Leading the Nomadic Era http://www.shmj.or.jp/makimoto/en/pdf/makimoto_E_02_10.pdf Semiconductor History Museum of Japan 27 June 2019 https://web.archive.org/web/20190627070645/http://www.shmj.or.jp/makimoto/en/pdf/makimoto_E_02_10.pdf 27 जून 2019 dead 1992 Alpha 21064 DEC 100–200 MHz 64 750 nm 1.68 1992 microSPARC I Sun 40–50 MHz 32 800 nm 0.8 1992 PA-7100 Hewlett Packard 100 MHz 32 800 nm 0.85http://www.openpa.net/pa-risc_processors.html PA-RISC Processors 2008-05-11 https://web.archive.org/web/20200102195437/https://www.openpa.net/pa-risc_processors.html 2 जनवरी 2020 dead 1992 486SLC Cyrix 40 MHz 16 1993 HARP-1 Hitachi 120 MHz - 500 nm 2.8HARP-1: A 120 MHz Superscalar PA-RISC Processor https://www.hotchips.org/wp-content/uploads/hc_archives/hc05/3_Tue/HC05.S8/HC05.8.1-Matsubara-Hitachi-HARP-1.pdf Hitachi 19 June 2019 https://web.archive.org/web/20160423084425/http://www.hotchips.org/wp-content/uploads/hc_archives/hc05/3_Tue/HC05.S8/HC05.8.1-Matsubara-Hitachi-HARP-1.pdf 23 अप्रैल 2016 dead 1993 PowerPC 601 IBM, Motorola 50–80 MHz 32600 nm 2.8 1993 Pentium Intel 60–66 MHz 32 800 nm 3.1 1993 POWER2 IBM 55–71.5 MHz 32 720 nm 23 1994 microSPARC II Fujitsu 60–125 MHz - 500 nm 2.3 1994 68060 Motorola 50 MHz 32 600 nm 2.5 1994 Alpha 21064A DEC 200–300 MHz 64 500 nm 2.85 1994 R4600 QED 100–125 MHz 64 650 nm 2.2 1994 PA-7200 Hewlett Packard 125 MHz 32 550 nm 1.26 1994 PowerPC 603 IBM, Motorola 60–120 MHz 32 500 nm 1.6 1994 PowerPC 604 IBM, Motorola 100–180 MHz 32 500 nm 3.6 1994 PA-7100LC Hewlett Packard 100 MHz 32 750 nm 0.90 1995 Alpha 21164 DEC 266–333 MHz 64 500 nm 9.3 1995 UltraSPARC Sun 143–167 MHz 64 470 nm 5.2 1995 SPARC64 HAL Computer Systems 101–118 MHz 64 400 nm - 1995 Pentium Pro Intel 150–200 MHz 32350 nm 5.5 1996 Alpha 21164A DEC 400–500 MHz 64 350 nm 9.7 1996 K5 AMD 75–100 MHz 32 500 nm 4.3 1996 R10000 MTI 150–250 MHz 64 350 nm 6.7 1996 R5000 QED 180–250 MHz - 350 nm 3.7 1996 SPARC64 II HAL Computer Systems 141–161 MHz 64 350 nm - 1996 PA-8000 Hewlett-Packard 160–180 MHz 64 500 nm 3.8 1996 P2SC IBM 150 MHz 32 290 nm 15 1997 SH-4 Hitachi 200 MHz - 200 nmEntertainment Systems and High-Performance Processor SH-4 Hitachi Review 1999 48 2 58–63 Hitachi https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/2dae/557444cd159c68d9a557189c70a68de0d233.pdf 27 June 2019 https://web.archive.org/web/20190221030542/http://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/2dae/557444cd159c68d9a557189c70a68de0d233.pdf 21 फ़रवरी 2019 live 10Remembering the Sega Dreamcast https://bit-tech.net/reviews/gaming/retro/remembering-the-sega-dreamcast/3/ Bit-Tech 18 June 2019 September 29, 2009 https://web.archive.org/web/20190705230627/https://bit-tech.net/reviews/gaming/retro/remembering-the-sega-dreamcast/3/ 5 जुलाई 2019 dead 1997 RS64 IBM 125 MHz 64 ? nm ? 1997 Pentium II Intel 233–300 MHz 32 350 nm 7.5 1997 PowerPC 620 IBM, Motorola 120–150 MHz 64 350 nm 6.9 1997 UltraSPARC IIs Sun 250–400 MHz 64 350 nm 5.4 1997 S/390 G4 IBM 370 MHz 32 500 nm 7.8 1997 PowerPC 750 IBM, Motorola 233–366 MHz 32 260 nm 6.35 1997 K6 AMD 166–233 MHz 32 350 nm 8.8 1998 RS64-II IBM 262 MHz 64 350 nm 12.5 1998 Alpha 21264 DEC 450–600 MHz 64 350 nm 15.2 1998 MIPS R12000 SGI 270–400 MHz 64250–180 nm 6.9 1998 RM7000 QED 250–300 MHz -250 nm 18 1998 SPARC64 III HAL Computer Systems 250–330 MHz 64 240 nm 17.6 1998 S/390 G5 IBM 500 MHz 32 250 nm 25 1998 PA-8500 Hewlett Packard 300–440 MHz 64 250 nm 140 1998 POWER3 IBM 200 MHz 64 250 nm 15 1999 Emotion Engine Sony, Toshiba 294–300 MHz - 180–65 nmEMOTION ENGINE® AND GRAPHICS SYNTHESIZER USED IN THE CORE OF PLAYSTATION® BECOME ONE CHIP https://www.sie.com/content/dam/corporate/en/corporate/release/pdf/030421be.pdf 26 June 2019 Sony April 21, 2003 https://web.archive.org/web/20180413011847/http://www.sie.com/content/dam/corporate/en/corporate/release/pdf/030421be.pdf 13 अप्रैल 2018 dead 13.5Hennessy John L. John L. Hennessy Patterson David A. David Patterson (scientist) Computer Architecture: A Quantitative Approach 491 https://books.google.com/books?id=XX69oNsazH4C&pg=PA491 9 April 2013 3 29 May 2002 Morgan Kaufmann 978-0-08-050252-6 1999 Pentium III Intel 450–600 MHz 32 250 nm 9.5 1999 RS64-III IBM 450 MHz 64 220 nm 34 2 1999 PowerPC 7400 Motorola 350–500 MHz 32 200–130 nm 10.5 1999 Athlon AMD 500–1000 MHz 32 250 nm 22 2000 का दशक २०० के दशक में 64-बिट के प्रोसेसर मुख्य धारा में आ गए थे। तिथि नाम विकासकर्ता क्लॉक वर्ड आकार(बिट्स) प्रक्रम ट्रांजिस्टर(दस लाख) प्रति कोर डाई /प्रति मॉड्यूल डाई 2000 Athlon XP AMD 1.33–1.73 GHz 180 nm 37.5 1 / 1 2000 Duron AMD 550 MHz–1.3 GHz 180 nm 25 1 / 1 2000 RS64-IV IBM 600–750 MHz 180 nm 44 1 / 2 2000 Pentium 4 Intel 1.3–2 GHz 180–130 nm 42 1 / 1 2000 SPARC64 IV Fujitsu 450–810 MHz 130 nm - 1 / 1 2000 z900 IBM 918 MHz 180 nm 47 1 / 12, 20 2001 MIPS R14000 SGI 500–600 MHz 130 nm 7.2 1 / 1 2001 POWER4 IBM 1.1–1.4 GHz 180–130 nm 174 2 / 1, 4 2001 UltraSPARC III Sun 750–1200 MHz 130 nm 29 1 / 1 2001 Itanium Intel 733–800 MHz 180 nm 25 1 / 1 2001 PowerPC 7450 Motorola 733–800 MHz 180–130 nm 33 1 / 1 2002 SPARC64 V Fujitsu 1.1–1.35 GHz 130 nm 190 1 / 1 2002 Itanium 2 Intel 0.9–1 GHz 180 nm 410 1 / 1 2003 PowerPC 970 IBM 1.6–2.0 GHz 130–90 nm 52 1 / 1 2003 Pentium M Intel 0.9–1.7 GHz 130–90 nm 77 1 / 1 2003 Opteron AMD 1.4–2.4 GHz 130 nm 106 1 / 1 2004 POWER5 IBM 1.65–1.9 GHz 130–90 nm 276 2 / 1, 2, 4 2004 PowerPC BGL IBM 700 MHz 130 nm 95 2 / 1 2005 Opteron "Athens" AMD 1.6–3.0 GHz 90 nm 114 1 / 1 2005 Pentium D Intel 2.8–3.2 GHz 90 nm 115 1 / 2 2005 Athlon 64 X2 AMD 2–2.4 GHz 90 nm 243 2 / 1 2005 PowerPC 970MP IBM 1.2–2.5 GHz 90 nm 183 2 / 1 2005 UltraSPARC IV Sun 1.05–1.35 GHz 130 nm 66 2 / 1 2005 UltraSPARC T1 Sun 1–1.4 GHz 90 nm 300 8 / 1 2005 Xenon IBM 3.2 GHz 90–45 nm 165 3 / 1 2006 Core Duo Intel 1.1–2.33 GHz 90–65 nm 151 2 / 1 2006 Core 2 Intel 1.06–2.67 GHz 65–45 nm 291 2 / 1, 2 2006 Cell/B.E. IBM, Sony, Toshiba 3.2–4.6 GHz 90–45 nm 241 1+8 / 1 2006 Itanium "Montecito" Intel 1.4–1.6 GHz 90 nm 1720 2 / 1 2007 POWER6 IBM 3.5–4.7 GHz 65 nm 790 2 / 1 2007 SPARC64 VI Fujitsu 2.15–2.4 GHz 90 nm 543 2 / 1 2007 UltraSPARC T2 Sun 1–1.4 GHz 65 nm 503 8 / 1 2007 TILE64 Tilera 600–900 MHz 90–45 nm ? 64 / 1 2007 Opteron "Barcelona" AMD 1.8–3.2 GHz 65 nm 463 4 / 1 2007 PowerPC BGP IBM 850 MHz 90 nm 208 4 / 1 2008 Phenom AMD 1.8–2.6 GHz 65 nm 450 2, 3, 4 / 1 2008 z10 IBM 4.4 GHz 65 nm 993 4 / 7 2008 PowerXCell 8i IBM 2.8–4.0 GHz 65 nm 250 1+8 / 1 2008 SPARC64 VII Fujitsu 2.4–2.88 GHz 65 nm 600 4 / 1 2008 Atom Intel 0.8–1.6 GHz 65–45 nm 47 1 / 1 2008 Core i7 Intel 2.66–3.2 GHz 45–32 nm 730 2, 4, 6 / 1 2008 TILEPro64 Tilera 600–866 MHz 90–45 nm ? 64 / 1 2008 Opteron "Shanghai" AMD 2.3–2.9 GHz 45 nm 751 4 / 1 2009 Phenom II AMD 2.5–3.2 GHz 45 nm 758 2, 3, 4, 6 / 1 2009 Opteron "Istanbul" AMD 2.2–2.8 GHz 45 nm 904 6 / 1 2010 का दशक Date Name Developer Clock Process Transistors(millions) Cores per die /Dies per module threadsper core 2010 POWER7 IBM 3–4.14 GHz 45 nm 1200 4, 6, 8 / 1, 4 4 2010 Itanium "Tukwila" Intel 2 GHz 65 nm 2000 2, 4 / 1 2 2010 Opteron "Magny-cours" AMD 1.7–2.4 GHz 45 nm 1810 4, 6 / 2 1 2010 Xeon "Nehalem-EX" Intel 1.73–2.66 GHz 45 nm 2300 4, 6, 8 / 1 2 2010 z196 IBM 3.8–5.2 GHz 45 nm 1400 4 / 1, 6 1 2010 SPARC T3 Sun 1.6 GHz 45 nm 2000 16 / 1 8 2010 SPARC64 VII+ Fujitsu 2.66–3.0 GHz 45 nm ? 4 / 1 2 2010 Intel "Westmere" Intel 1.86–3.33 GHz 32 nm 1170 4–6 / 1 2 2011 Intel "Sandy Bridge" Intel 1.6–3.4 GHz 32 nm 995Anand Lal Shimpi A Closer Look at the Sandy Bridge Die 10 January 2011 AnandTech http://www.anandtech.com/show/4118/a-closer-look-at-the-sandy-bridge-die 12 जुलाई 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20200705050952/https://www.anandtech.com/show/4118/a-closer-look-at-the-sandy-bridge-die 5 जुलाई 2020 dead 2, 4 / 1 (1,) 2 2011 AMD Llano AMD 1.0–1.6 GHz 40 nm 380renethx Cedar (HD 5450) and Zacate (E350) are manufactured in TSMC 40 nm process AMD Zacate — the next great HTPC chip? 10 November 2011 AVS Forum http://www.avsforum.com/avs-vb/showthread.php?s=75ab046a2a3e7839557c22b89ff1ccd5&p=19470009#post19470009 1, 2 / 1 1 2011 Xeon E7 Intel 1.73–2.67 GHz 32 nm 2600 4, 6, 8, 10 / 1 1–2 2011 Power ISA BGQ IBM 1.6 GHz 45 nm 1470 18 / 1 4 2011 SPARC64 VIIIfx Fujitsu 2.0 GHz 45 nm 760 8 / 1 2 2011 FX "Bulldozer" Interlagos AMD 3.1–3.6 GHz 32 nm 1200AMD Revises Bulldozer Transistor Count: 1.2B, not 2B 2 December 2011 AnandTech http://www.anandtech.com/show/5176/amd-revises-bulldozer-transistor-count-12b-not-2b 12 जुलाई 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20171210152052/https://www.anandtech.com/show/5176/amd-revises-bulldozer-transistor-count-12b-not-2b 10 दिसंबर 2017 dead 4–8 / 2 12011SPARC T4Oracle2.8–3 GHz40 nm8558 / 182012SPARC64 IXfxFujitsu1.848 GHz40 nm187016 / 122012zEC12IBM5.5 GHz32 nm27506 / 612012POWER7+IBM3.1–5.3 GHz32 nm21008 / 1, 242012Itanium "Poulson"Intel1.73–2.53 GHz32 nm31008 / 122013Intel "Haswell"Intel1.9–4.4 GHz22 nm14004 / 122013SPARC64 XFujitsu2.8–3 GHz28 nm295016 / 122013SPARC T5Oracle3.6 GHz28 nm150016 / 182014POWER8IBM2.5–5 GHz22 nm42006, 12 / 1, 282015z13IBM5 GHz22 nm39908 / 122015A8-7670KAMD3.6 GHz28 nm24104 / 112017RyzenAMD3.2–4.1 GHz14 nm48008, 16, 32 / 1, 2, 422017z14IBM5.2 GHz14 nm610010 / 122017POWER9IBM4 GHz14 nm800012, 24 / 14, 82017SPARC M8Sparc M8 processor http://www.oracle.com/us/products/servers-storage/sparc-m8-processor-ds-3864282.pdf Oracle main website Oracle Corp 3 March 2019 https://web.archive.org/web/20190228101811/http://www.oracle.com/us/products/servers-storage/sparc-m8-processor-ds-3864282.pdf 28 फ़रवरी 2019 live Oracle5 GHz20 nm~10,000https://www.nextplatform.com/2017/09/18/m8-last-hurrah-oracle-sparc/ संग्रहीत प्रति 12 जुलाई 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20190527031429/https://www.nextplatform.com/2017/09/18/m8-last-hurrah-oracle-sparc/ 27 मई 2019 dead 3282019Ryzen 2AMD2-4.7 GHz7 nm39006, 8, 12, 16, 24, 32, 64 / 1, 2, 42 इन्हें भी देखें माइक्रोप्रोसेसर मूर का नियम सन्दर्भ और टिप्पणियाँ सन्दर्भ 30em टिप्पणियाँ sandpile.org for x86 processor information Ogdin Jerry Microprocessor scorecard Euromicro Newsletter 1 2 43–77 January 1975 10.1016/0303-1268(75)90008-5 harv श्रेणी:डिजिटल इलेक्ट्रॉनिकी *माइक्रोप्रोसेसर