411 REFERENCE · Wiktionary
-lich
Reference material by Wiktionary contributors. This retains its source identity and is not 411 news reporting.
Appendix:Variations of "lich"
German
Alternative forms
de -licht nowadays _ uncommon
Etymology
de gmw-pro gem-pro 2
Adjective:
From de gmh -lich, -līch, from de goh -līh, from de gmw-pro *-līk. Cognate with en -ly and nl -lijk.22 -lich
Adverb:
From de gmh -līche, from de goh -līhho.
Pronunciation
de /lɪç/
de De--lich2.ogg <<Germany>> (<<Berlin>>)
Suffix
de suffix adjective-forming suffixes adverb-forming suffixes
Used to form adjectives from verbs, to express that "something can be done with the person or thing described".
de verstehen verständlich to understand that can be understood, understandable
Used to form adjectives from verbs, to express that "that the person or thing described does something".
de sterben sterblich to die that dies, mortal
Used to form adjectives from nouns, indicating a likening to that noun.
de Abenteuer<t:adventure> abenteuerlich<t:adventurous, risky>
de Kind<t:child> kindlich<t:childlike>
Used to form adjectives from nouns describing timespans, to indicate regular repetition after each such time. The noun can optionally be qualified by a numeral.
de Jahr jährlich year repeated every year, yearly
de zwei<t:two> Woche<t:week> zweiwöchentlich<t:biweekly, every two weeks>
Used to form adjectives from nouns describing acts or properties ascribed to a certain entity, often acting as relational adjectives.
de Betrieb<t:company, operations> betrieblich<t:pertaining to or performed by the company>
de Pflanze<t:plant> pflanzlich<t:botanical, pertaining to or produced by plants>
Used to form adjectives from certain adjectives to express a lesser or degree of their quality.
de rot<t:red> rötlich<t:reddish, red-tinged>
Used to form adverbs from adjectives.
de bekannt bekanntlich known publicly, as it is known
Usage notes
When attached to words ending with an unstressed -en, an excrescent -t- has typically been inserted between it and the suffix: de eigen -lich eigentlich. This form has been standardized for all lexicalized words of that type, however, ad-hoc derivations, especially in the sense of relational adjectives, are likely to not feature it.
Derived terms
de
See also
de -ig
de -isch
References
Further reading
Middle English
Etymology 1
Suffix
enm suffix 1
enm -ly adjectival suffix adjectival
Etymology 2
Suffix
enm suffix 1
enm -ly adverbial suffix adverbial