411 REFERENCE · Wiktionary
Dem
Reference material by Wiktionary contributors. This retains its source identity and is not 411 news reporting.
Appendix:Variations of "dem"
English
Pronunciation
en /dɛm/
en ɛm 1
Noun
en US politics en Democrat.
Derived terms
en Demmie
See also
en Rep
en Lib
Anagrams
en dem D. Me. DME EDM Edm MEd Med Med. med
en abbreviations
Albanian
Proper noun
m Demi
sq male
Declension
Danish
Pronunciation
da /dɛm/ [d̥ɛm] or da /dəm/ [d̥m̩] [b̥m̩]
Pronoun
da pronoun
da personal formal you object pronoun: the person being addressed
See also
Dutch
Etymology
First attested as Dem in 1936. Derived from nl li dem dam. Named after a complex of workers' barracks.
Pronunciation
nl /dɛm/
nl Dem
nl ɛm 1
Proper noun
n
nl neighbourhood c/Heerlen p/Limburg c/Netherlands
References
dem
Norwegian Bokmål
no Dis og dus
Etymology
nb só
The object and reflexive form of nb De, whose polite use is a nb de Sie you; polite form of address 1. The inherited third-person form nb dem them was accordingly used for polite second-person address.
The underlying form is inherited from nb non þeim them; those, originally a dative plural, from nb gem-pro *sa *þaimaz, from nb ine-pro *só *tóymos, the masculine and neuter dative plural of ine-pro *só this; that. The former dative came to serve as the general object form.
Compare da Dem you; polite form of address. The underlying third-person form is cognate with da dem, sv dem, is þeim, fo teimum, got 𐌸𐌰𐌹𐌼 them and en them.
Pronunciation
nb /dɛm/ [dɛmː]
nb ɛm 1
nb dem
nb Dem
Pronoun
nb pronoun nominative De possessive Deres
nb formal you; the polite second-person singular object form corresponding to nb De, used as a direct or indirect object or after a preposition.
nb Jeg så Dem på toget i går. I saw you on the train yesterday.
nb Kan jeg hjelpe Dem med kofferten? May I help you with your suitcase?
nb Dette brevet er til Dem. This letter is for you.
nb 1873 1954 Arne Garborg Mogning og manndom: brev I 25 jeg kan ikke beskrive Dem, hvor glad jeg er ved at vide, at De har følt Dem opmuntret og styrket I cannot tell you how glad I am to know that you have felt encouraged and strengthened.
nb 1911 Amalie Pettersen Pettersens 181 bli’ Medlem, De Maren, det kan være lærerigt for Dem ogsaa Become a member, Maren; it could be instructive for you too.
nb 1918 Gunnar Heiberg Samlede dramatiske verker III 172 tro De paa mig som jeg har trodd paa Dem Believe in me as I have believed in you.
you; used predicatively after a copular verb.
nb Er det Dem, fru Berg? Is that you, Mrs Berg?
nb 1882 Henrik Ibsen En folkefiende act 1 2 https://www.bokselskap.no/boker/folkefiende/akt1 Nej se, godaften; er det Dem? Oh, good evening; is that you?
nb formal reflexive yourself; referring back to nb De, including as the reflexive element of a verb.
nb De må skynde Dem. You must hurry.
nb Sett Dem her, fru Berg. Sit here, Mrs Berg.
Dem selv — yourself, often for emphasis.
nb De må ta vare på Dem selv. You must take care of yourself.
nb 1892 Henrik Ibsen Bygmester Solness act 2 131 https://www.bokselskap.no/boker/bygmester/akt2 Sæt De Dem nu bare ned igen, Hilde. Så skal De få høre løjer. Just sit down again, Hilde. Then you shall hear something amusing.
nb 1896 Henrik Ibsen John Gabriel Borkman act 1 61 https://www.ibsen.uio.no/DRVIT_JG%7CJG96.xhtml Træk pent yderfrakken på Dem, Erhart Borkman! Put your overcoat on properly, Erhart Borkman!
nb 1918 Gunnar Heiberg Samlede dramatiske verker III 239 De har vist Dem min tillid værdig You have proved yourself worthy of my trust.
nb rare yourselves; referring back to plural nb De.
nb Mine damer og herrer, sett Dem gjerne ned. Ladies and gentlemen, please sit down.
nb 1877 Arne Garborg Den ny-norske Sprog- og Nationalitetsbevægelse 155 https://www.nb.no/items/URN:NBN:no-nb_digibok_2012110807109?page=158 […] saa vil De ogsaa finde saa mange Ikke-Analogier, at De atter vil kunne trøste Dem. […] you will also find so many dissimilarities that you will again be able to console yourselves.
nb formal rare you; the polite second-person plural object form, used to address several people.
nb Mine damer og herrer, jeg vil gjerne takke Dem alle. Ladies and gentlemen, I should like to thank you all.
nb 1874 Henrik Ibsen Peer Gynt 3rd act 4 135 https://www.ibsen.uio.no/DRVIT_PG%7CPG74.xhtml Gå De til Hellas. Jeg skal sendeDem gratis væbnede iland. Go to Greece. I shall put you ashore there armed and free of charge.
nb 1877 Arne Garborg Den ny-norske Sprog- og Nationalitetsbevægelse 155 https://www.nb.no/items/URN:NBN:no-nb_digibok_2012110807109?page=158 Jeg vil kun faa Dem til at se: 1) at Sligt som nationale Sprogkampe ikke er noget udelukkende norsk Fænomen, som Mange af Dem tror, […] I only wish to make you see: 1) that national language struggles are not an exclusively Norwegian phenomenon, as many of you believe, […].
nb dialectal you; the polite second-person subject pronoun, used in place of nb De.
nb Kan Dem hjelpe meg? Can you help me?
nb 1874 Harald Meltzer Politinotitser 53 der kan Dem bare høre, fuldmægtig There, you can hear for yourself, deputy.
nb 1936 Edle Hartmann Sfinx Kjent folk gjennem årene 139 https://www.nb.no/items/URN:NBN:no-nb_digibok_2007010301072?page=148 Ja nå kommer ’e så an på da, om Dem vil ha di ophengt enten som hos stasministers Blehrses heller som hos redaktørs Thommessens. Well, it depends, then, whether you want them [the curtains] hung as at Prime Minister Blehr’s or as at editor Thommessen’s.
Usage notes
nb Dem is always capitalized in polite address, as are nb De and nb Deres. Lowercase nb dem normally means “them”.
nb Dem is used reflexively with nb De, including when the subject is understood in an imperative. Third-person nb seg is not used as the reflexive form of polite nb De.
nb De, nb Dem and nb Deres are much less common than formerly. The ordinary forms nb du, nb deg and nb din are neutral even in official communication. Modern guidance recommends nb dere when addressing several people.“Høflighetsformene De, Dem og Deres”, Språkrådet.
nb De is the subject form in standard written Bokmål. Subject nb Dem occurs in dialectal speech and its literary representation.
See also
References
de
de
nb personal pronouns reflexive pronouns
Anagrams
nb dem dem med