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's
Reference material by Wiktionary contributors. This retains its source identity and is not 411 news reporting.
-'s Appendix:Variations of "s"
English
For the possessive -’s, see -'s.
Alternative forms
en ’s
Etymology
Contractions of various words ending in s.
Pronunciation
after voiceless consonants except /s/, /ʃ/, /t͡ʃ/ s, en /s/
en En-us-s_sound_after_consonant.ogg US
after a sibilant or affricate
ĭz UK, en /ɪz/
ĭz əz US, en /ɪz/ /əz/
əz AU, en /əz/
elsewhere z, en /z/
en -s
en
Verb
en verb form clitic clitics ’s
en is.
en The dog’s running after me!
en has.
en The dog’s been chasing the mail carrier again.
en proscribed dialectal Southern US en was.
en It’s a beautiful day yesterday so I’s at the park.
en informal en does used only with the auxiliary meaning of en does and only after interrogative words.
en What’s he do for a living?
en What’s it say?
en What’s it mean? It means nothing.
en How’s it work?
en Where’s the n in Javanese come from?
en What the hell's he mean?
Usage notes
Like en 've, in many dialects, en 's is only used to mark the perfect aspect ("He's finished his work" = "He has finished his work"), not to signify possession ("She has something"), necessity ("It has to end"), etc. In others, en 's is used more broadly; this is sometimes proscribed.
Derived terms
en so's
Related terms
en s'<t:it's; is>
See also
en 'd,’d 'll,’ll 'm,’m 're,’re 've,’ve -'s,-’s apostrophe contraction
Contraction
en contraction
en it's en poetic or colloquial en it's.
en s'<id:it's>
III iv 112 2 By my troth’s not ſo good, and I vvarrant your coſin vvill ſay ſo.
en 1933 August Henry Christopher Bailey The Lilies of St. Gabriel’s Mr. Fortune Wonders Garden City, N.Y. Published [F]or the Crime Club, Inc., by Doubleday, Doran & Company, Inc. 97 https://archive.org/details/mrfortunewonders00bail/page/97/mode/1up 1817443 You wouldn’t blame your own dear boy! Your only one! ’S too bad.
en 1951 John Wyndham pseudonym; John Wyndham Harris The End Begins w:The Day of the Triffids Greenwich, Conn. Fawcett Crest 19 https://archive.org/details/dayoftriffids0000unse_f7u9/page/19/mode/1up 513912867 ’S that bloody comet. Thash what done it. Green shootin’ shtarsh—an’ now everyone’s blinden 's ’s as, adv. a bat.
Pronoun
en pronoun clitic clitics ’s
en us found in the formula en let's which is used to form first-person plural imperatives.
en What are you guys waiting for? Let’s go!
I ii 277 2 Wee'le part the time betweenes then: and in thatIle no gaine-ſaying.
Determiner
en determiner ’s
en poetic en his.
en Duncan’s in’s grave
Conjunction
conj ’s
en as, conj. en UK dialect en as when it is (nonstandardly) used as a relative conjunction, or like a relative pronoun, meaning "that".
en All’s he wanted was to go home.
Derived terms
en all's so's
Adverb
- ’s
en as, adv. en UK dialect en as.
en 1921 Marion Ames Taggart Poppy's Pluck 137 I'd's lieves try my luck's I am. I'm smarter'n you'd think for.
en 1922 E. F. Benson Negotium Perambulans He takes his bottle of whisky a day and gets drunk’s a lord in the evening.
en 1951 John Wyndham pseudonym; John Wyndham Harris The End Begins w:The Day of the Triffids Greenwich, Conn. Fawcett Crest 19 https://archive.org/details/dayoftriffids0000unse_f7u9/page/19/mode/1up 513912867 en 's ’S it's that bloody comet. Thash what done it. Green shootin’ shtarsh—an’ now everyone’s blind’s a bat.
Bavarian
Etymology 1
Unstressed form of bar des.
Pronoun
bar pronoun personal pronouns
it nominative and accusative
this, that
See also
Article
bar article n
the
See also
Etymology 2
Unstressed form of bar se.
Pronoun
bar pronoun personal pronouns
she
bar Wenn's'n Fisch gern essad, kaffad's'n. If she likes to eat the fish, she would buy it.
they, them
bar Wenn's'n Fisch gern essadn, kaffadn's'n. If they like to eat the fish, they would buy it.
See also
Catalan
Pronoun
ca se
Usage notes
reduced
ca Si us plau, calmi's. Please calm down.
Declension
Cimbrian
Etymology 1
Article
cim article form
cim 7 the; definite article for two declensions:
nominative singular neuter
accusative singular neuter
Alternative forms
cim z Luserna
See also
Etymology 2
Pronoun
cim pronoun personal pronouns
cim 7 cim es it
References
Cornish
Etymology 1
Determiner
kw det
en her
Pronoun
kw pron
en her
kw Hi a's kwelas. She saw her.
Etymology 2
Determiner
kw det
en their
Pronoun
kw pron
en them
kw Hi a's kwelas. She saw them.
Etymology 3
From kw 'gas
Pronoun
kw pron
Reduced form of kw 'gas
See also
Dutch
Etymology 1
A clitic form of nl des, the genitive of the masculine and neuter singular articles nl de and nl het.
Pronunciation
nl /s/
nl Nl-'s.ogg
Article
nl article form ’s
nl des
nl ’s Konings baard ruikt naar uiensoep. The king's beard smells like onion soup.
nl ’s morgens in the morning
nl ’s werelds beste reisbestemming the world’s best travel destination
nl ’s werelds mooiste zeereis the world’s most beautiful sea voyage
Usage notes
As nl ’s is still conceptualized as a contraction of des, it is never capitalised, even before a proper noun or at the start of sentences. Instead, the following word is capitalised, as in 's Morgens regent het ("It rains in the morning").
Now hardly used, except in certain cases:
In genitive absolute phrases: nl 's ochtends ’s ochtends, nl 's morgens ’s morgens, nl 's middags ’s middags, nl 's avonds ’s avonds, nl 's nachts ’s nachts, nl 's zomers ’s zomers, and nl 's winters ’s winters.
In other set phrases, such as placenames: nl ’s Hertogenbosch, nl ’s Gravenhage, and nl ’s-Heerenberg.
With locations or entities when forming superlative phrases: ’s werelds beste kok ("the world's finest cook"), ’s lands mooiste dorp ("the country's most beautiful village").
Etymology 2
Pronunciation
nl /əs/ /ɪs/ /s/
Adverb
nl eensnl eens once
German
Article
de article ’s
de chiefly colloquial or poetic de das
de Ich nehm’s Auto und er nimmt’s Fahrrad. I’ll take the car and he’ll take the bike.
Usage notes
This contraction is frequent in southern areas. It is also heard in northern and central Germany, but less often and chiefly only when not creating complex consonant clusters. For example, the above form de nimmt’s would tend to be avoided in the north, even though the same is usual for de nimmt es (see below).
After prepositions, where the contraction of the article is normal even in formal prose, it is written without an apostrophe: de ins, ans, aufs, etc. Apostrophized spellings of these are sometimes encountered, but are nonstandard.
Pronoun
de pronoun ’s
de chiefly colloquial or poetic de es
de chiefly colloquial or poetic de das
Usage notes
This contraction is frequent everywhere, though the tolerance of difficult clusters is yet a little greater in the south. For example, northern speakers usually avoid contraction after the verb ending de -st, whereas southerners readily say de hast’s, siehst’s, and the like.
Verb
de verb form ’s
de colloquial de ist
de is' is
de c. 2017 User bemoty Songtext zu „Meine Brille“ www.genius.com https://genius.com/Mateo-meine-brille-lyrics transcription of the 2014 song “Meine Brille” by de Mateo Jasik 11 October 2025 W-Wenn ich chille, dann nur mit Sonnenbrille (oh, meine Brille!) / Ich setz’ sie auf, seh’ Hammer aus, sie’s meine zweite Haut I only ever chill in sunglasses (oh, my glasses!) / I put them on, look great in them, they're my second skin https://web.archive.org/web/20260204000047/https://genius.com/Mateo-meine-brille-lyrics 4 February 2026
See also
de -'s
Irish
Conjunction
ga conjunction ’s
ga is and
Particle
ga particle ’s
ga is is
Noun
ga noun ’s
ga a<id:possessive determiner> fhios knowledge of it: ga tá's ag and similar constructions
Latin
Verb
la verb form clitic clitics 's la OL. Plautinian Terentian
la es<t:you are>
la amicu's you are a/my friend
Usage notes
Used after terms ending in s, where the previous s is removed.
Related terms
la -st
North Frisian
Pronoun
frr pronoun
reduced third-person plural personal pronoun
frr Föhr-Amrum frr Reduced form of jo they, them
frr Mooring Sylt frr Reduced form of ja they”, in Mooring also “them
frr Mooring Sylt frr Reduced form of jam them
reduced third-person singular feminine pronoun
frr Mooring Sylt frr Reduced form of jü she
frr Mooring frr Reduced form of har her
frr Sylt frr Reduced form of höör her
Alternative forms
she, her frr 't Föhr-Amrum
See also
Scottish Gaelic
Etymology 1
Pronunciation
gd /s̪/ after a back vowel sound
gd /ʃ/ after a front vowel sound
Verb
gd is is
Etymology 2
Pronunciation
gd /s̪/
Conjunction
gd conjunction
gd is and
References
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