411 REFERENCE · Wiktionary
GULAG
Reference material by Wiktionary contributors. This retains its source identity and is not 411 news reporting.
gulag gułag gúlag Gulag GUŁag
English
Etymology
en ru ГУЛА́Г, the acronym of ru Гла́вное управле́ние исправи́тельно-трудовы́х лагере́й Chief Administration of Corrective-Labor Camps: see the definition.Gulag n 243300 March 2019 1; Gulag n
Pronunciation
en /ˈɡuːlɑɡ/ sometimes /-læɡ/ /ɡuːˈlɑk/ RP
en LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-gulag.wav Southern England
en /ˈɡuˌlɑɡ/ sometimes /-ˌlæɡ/ GA
en GU LAG
Proper noun
en historical The government agency in charge of the Soviet Union's network of forced labour camps, which was established in 1918 and formally abolished in 1960.
en w:Robert Conquest In the Labour Camps The Great Terror: Stalin’s Purge of the Thirties 1st American New York, N.Y. The Macmillan Company 1968 part II (The Yezhov Years) 356 https://archive.org/details/greatterrorstali0000conq/page/356/mode/1up 405895 The millions of slave-labourers at the disposal of GULAG played an important economic role, and indeed became accepted as a normal component of the Soviet economy.
Translations
government agency in charge of the Soviet Union’s network of forced labour camps
Belarusian: be ГУЛА́Г m
Polish: pl GUŁag m
Russian: ru ГУЛА́Г m, ru ГУЛа́г, ru Гула́г
Ukrainian: uk ГУЛА́Г m, uk ГУТА́Б m
Noun
en gulag.
en David Hosford; Pamela Kachurin; Thomas Lamont Day 1 Content Essay: The Establishment and Scope of the GULAG System GULAG: Soviet Prison Camps and Their LegacyA Project of the National Park Service and the National Resource Center for Russian, East European and Central Asian Studies, Harvard University https://web.archive.org/web/20211031060029/https://gulaghistory.org/nps/downloads/gulag-curriculum.pdf 31 October 2021 [U.S.A.] w:National Park Service; Davis Center for Russian and Eurasian Studies, Harvard University [2006?] 7 https://gulaghistory.org/nps/downloads/gulag-curriculum.pdf#page=10 1 75965285 One important difference between the GULAG system and the Nazi concentration camps was that a person sentenced to five years of hard labor in a Soviet labor camp could expect, assuming he or she survived, to be released at the end of the sentence.
References
Further reading
gulag
en Prison Soviet Union