411 REFERENCE · Wiktionary
-esse
Reference material by Wiktionary contributors. This retains its source identity and is not 411 news reporting.
Appendix:Variations of "esse"
English
Suffix
en -ess abstract noun.
Derived terms
en finesse largesse noblesse richesse tristesse
Danish
Etymology
da fr -esse, from da la -issa, from da grc -ισσα.
Pronunciation
da [ˈɛsə]
Suffix
-ess female
-ness
Derived terms
da
See also
da -ske
da -inde
Dutch
Etymology
From nl dum -esse, borrowed from nl fro-nor -esse, from nl la-lat -issa (as in la abbātissa abbess).A. van Loey, "Schönfeld's Historische Grammatica van het Nederlands", Zutphen, 8. druk, 1970, 90-03-21170-1; § 180
Pronunciation
nl /ˈɛ.sə/
Suffix
f -en,-s -
creates the female form of some persons or occupations, as English en -ess
nl eigenaar<t:owner> eigenaresse<t:female owner>
nl secretar(is)<t:secretary, receptionist> secretaresse<t:female secretary, female receptionist>
Derived terms
nl
References
French
Pronunciation
fr LL-Q150 (fra)-Lyokoï--esse.wav <<France>> (<<Lyon>>)
fr LL-Q150 (fra)-Jérémy-Günther-Heinz Jähnick--esse.wav <<France>> (<<Somain>>)
Etymology 1
fr quality :inh frm:-esse<id:quality>
fr fro -ece, from fr la -itia. The modern spelling is due to a phonetic merger with etymology 2; see below. Related to fr -ise.
Suffix
f
fr quality used to form nouns describing the condition of being something (en -ness, en -ity, etc.)
Derived terms
fr quality
Etymology 2
fr female equivalent :inh frm:-esse<id:female equivalent>
fr frm -esse, from fr fro -esse, from fr la-lat -issa, from fr grc -ισσα.
Suffix
f
fr female -ess female equivalent
fr wife -ess wife of
Derived terms
fr female
fr wife
Italian
Pronunciation
-ésse
Suffix
verb
suffix forming the third-person singular imperfect subjunctive of it -ere verbs
Anagrams
it eess sese
Middle English
Etymology 1
enm :bor fro:-esse<ety:der<la-lat:-issa>> feminine
enm fro -esse from enm la -issa, from enm grc -ισσα.
Alternative forms
enm -es -ess -asse -as -eyse -eys -eis -isse -ysse -iss -yss -ys -is
Suffix
enm suffix noun-forming suffixes
enm -ess Denotes a female form of otherwise male nouns denoting beings or persons.
enm -ene<id:feminine><ll:not productive>
Usage notes
Terms suffixed in enm -er agentive/enm -ere agentive/enm -our have -esse added to the suffixed form, creating a pseudo-suffix -eresse, as in enm huntere hunter, huntsman:enm hunteresse huntress; this is partially a reinterpretation of fro -eriz, from la -trīx -ātrīcem; compare fr -eresse. The seeming exception enm sorceresse (not enm *sorcereresse) is built from xno sorcer sorcerer, not enm sorcerere, which postdates enm sorceresse.
Derived terms
enm -esse (feminine)
Descendants
en -ess
gmw-msc -es
sco -ess
References
-esse suf MED14501 24 June 2018
-ess suf.<sup>1<sup> 1 5503524576
Etymology 2
enm :bor fro:-esce abstract nominal
enm fro -esce, fro -ece, from enm la -itia, extended form of la -ia.
Alternative forms
enm -es -esce
enm -eise -eisse early
Suffix
enm suffix noun-forming suffixes
enm not productive Forms abstract nouns denoting a condition or quality.
Derived terms
enm -esse (abstract nominal)
Descendants
en -ess<id:abstract noun> -esse
References
-ess suf.<sup>2<sup> 1 2453140571
Etymology 3
Suffix
enm suffix 1
enm -isch
Middle French
Etymology 1
frm quality :inh fro:-esce
frm fro -esce, fro -ece, from frm la -itia. The modern spelling is due to a phonetic merger with etymology 2; see below. Related to frm -ise.
Suffix
frm suffix
frm quality used to form nouns describing the condition of being something (en -ness, en -ity, etc.)
Derived terms
frm quality
Descendants
fr -esse
Etymology 2
frm female equivalent :inh fro:-esse
frm fro -esse, from frm la-lat -issa, from frm grc -ισσα.
Suffix
frm suffix
frm female -ess used to form feminine nouns from masculine ones
Derived terms
frm female
Descendants
fr -esse
Old French
Etymology
fro :inh la-lat:-issa female
fro la-lat -issa, from fro grc -ισσα.
Suffix
fro suffix
fro female -ess used to form feminine nouns from masculine ones
Derived terms
fro
Descendants
frm -esse female
nrf -êsse
dum -esse 1
nl -es -esse
enm -esse 1 1 feminine