411 REFERENCE · Wiktionary
Black
Reference material by Wiktionary contributors. This retains its source identity and is not 411 news reporting.
black bläck
English
<dab!>
Pronunciation
en En-Black.ogg
Etymology 1
From en enm blak black. Also a variant of Blake, from en ang blāc pale and Blanc, from en fro blanc white.
Proper noun
~ s
en nicknames.
en 3 September 2026 Brandon Drenon US billionaire Leon Black defies summons and sues Epstein panel https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/cddve618plzo BBC News Billionaire investor Leon Black has failed to appear before a US congressional committee investigating the late sex offender Jeffrey Epstein - instead filing a lawsuit challenging the committee's efforts to summon him. 3 September 2026 https://web.archive.org/web/20260926195007/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/cddve618plzo 26 September 2026
en number of places c/USA:
en town co/Geneva County s/Alabama.
en unincorporated community co/Edwards County s/Illinois.
en twp co/Posey County s/Indiana; from the surname.
en unincorporated community co/Reynolds County s/Missouri.
en twp co/Somerset County s/Pennsylvania; from the surname.
en unincorporated community co/Mercer County and co/Wyoming County s/West Virginia.
Derived terms
en Blackian Blacksburg
Related terms
en Blackie Blacky
Statistics
According to the 2010 United States Census, Black is the 174th most common surname in the United States, belonging to 154,738 individuals. Black is most common among White (74.63%) and Black (19.00%) individuals.
Etymology 2
Capitalized to follow the usual capitalization patterns for ethnic groups (compare e.g. Hispanic, Arab), and also, perhaps, as a way to explicitly distinguish it from the color sense, which is not capitalized outside proper nouns.
Adjective
-
en black of or relating to any of various ethnic groups having dark pigmentation of the skin.
en w:Huey P. Newton; J. Herman Blake w:Revolutionary Suicide 1973 Harcourt Brace Jovanovich 3 https://archive.org/details/revolutionarysui00huey/page/3/mode/1up 0-15-177092-1 It contained an article written by Lacy Banko summarizing the work of Dr. Herbert Hendin, who had done a comparative study on suicide among Black people in the major American cities. Dr. Hendin found that the suicide rate among Black men between the ages of nineteen and thirty-five had doubled in the past ten to fifteen years, surpassing the rate for whites in the same age range.
en 1986 Off Our Backs 16 8 26 25795238 Chaya Shalom The only dyke from Israel A group of Black women came in later but only observed from the sidelines.
en 1999 w:Geoffrey K. Pullum African American Vernacular English Is Not Standard English with Mistakes The Workings of Language Rebecca S. Wheeler 0275962466 40 Buried among the jargon of the announcement was a mention of a name for AAVE, suggested by a Black scholar in 1975 but never adopted by linguists: Ebonics. That word, concocted from ebony (a color term from the name of a dark-colored wood) and phonics (the name of a method for teaching reading), was destined to attach to the board as if chiseled into a block of granite and hung round their necks. https://books.google.com/books?id=my_W8iC7WnQC&lpg=PA39&pg=PA40&q=%22Buried%20among%20the%20jargon%20of%20the%20announcement%22#v=onepage
en 2020-05-31 Violence, destruction mar Seattle protests over the death of George Floyd w:The Seattle Times https://www.seattletimes.com/seattle-news/sadness-fury-violence-in-seattle-over-death-of-george-floyd-durkan-calls-for-curfew-national-guard/ A1 Hundreds of Seattle protesters came together Saturday to voice the sadness and fury that has spread across the country over the death of George Floyd, a Black man who died after being pinned beneath the knee of a Minneapolis police officer for almost nine minutes. https://web.archive.org/web/20200818084949/https://www.seattletimes.com/seattle-news/sadness-fury-violence-in-seattle-over-death-of-george-floyd-durkan-calls-for-curfew-national-guard/
en Zachary Goldberg Explaining Shifts in White Racial Liberalism: The Role of Collective Moral Emotions and Media Effects https://scholarworks.gsu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1079&context=political_science_diss 2022-05-02 https://web.archive.org/web/20250125061719/https://scholarworks.gsu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1079&context=political_science_diss 2025-01-25 98 w:Georgia State University By 2016, however, a divide that started appearing in the preceding few years came into full relief—that year, 29% of nonwhite liberals (28% of nonwhite Democrats) and 38% of Black liberals (34% of Black Democrats), disagreed that “Blacks should work their way up without special favors.”
en
Derived terms
en Blasian Blavic Black fatigue Blackademic
Noun
en black person having dark pigmentation of the skin.
en Zachary Goldberg Explaining Shifts in White Racial Liberalism: The Role of Collective Moral Emotions and Media Effects https://scholarworks.gsu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1079&context=political_science_diss 2022-05-02 https://web.archive.org/web/20250125061719/https://scholarworks.gsu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1079&context=political_science_diss 2025-01-25 98 w:Georgia State University By 2016, however, a divide that started appearing in the preceding few years came into full relief—that year, 29% of nonwhite liberals (28% of nonwhite Democrats) and 38% of Black liberals (34% of Black Democrats), disagreed that “Blacks should work their way up without special favors.”
en chess The player moving the black pieces.
en White
en 2023 Laws of Chess https://rcc.fide.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/20230101Laws-of-Chess.pdf 2022 24 w:FIDE Unless the arbiter decides otherwise, ranks from White to Black shall be given the German numbers. https://web.archive.org/web/20250316122506/https://rcc.fide.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/20230101Laws-of-Chess.pdf
Usage notes
See usage notes at en black regarding capitalization of the term.
Derived terms
en Black liberation
French
Pronunciation
Noun
mfbysense
fr black
Low German
Etymology
From nds osx *blak, from nds gem-pro *blaką. Cognate with en black.
Pronunciation
nds [blak]
Noun
n - nds GLG
ink
Synonyms
nds Dint
nds Enk
Derived terms
nds Black sopen hebben Blackfatt Blackfrost Blackglas Blackhoorn Blackpott Blackschieter