-এ

-এই Assamese Alternative forms as -ে -য়ে -ৱে -ই -e -e mainly orthographic Pronunciation এ Etymology 1 as inc-kam -𑖊𑖼 ẽ, from as pra-mag -𑀏𑀡, pra-mag -𑀏𑀀 instrumental suffix, from as sa -एन -এন instrumental suffix: with, by. Cognate with syl -ꠄ. Conjunction as conjunction and, with as আৰু -অৰ লগত as কালিলৈ তুমিয়ে ময়ে বজাৰলৈ যাম। kaliloi tumie moe bozaroloi zam. You and I will go to market tomorrow. as ৰ’দে বৰষুণে কনা শিয়ালৰ বিয়া। röde boroxune kona xialor bia. Sunshine and rain together is the marriage of blind jackal. as তিনিয়ে একে চাৰি tinie eke sari three plus one is (equal to) four Suffix as suffix Marker of the nominative case with transitive verbs. as ল’ৰাটোৱে কিতাপ কিনি আছে। lóratüe kitap kini ase. The boy is buying books. as বগলীবিলাকে মাছ ধৰি আছে। boɡolibilake mas dhori ase. The egrets are catching fish. Marker of the instrumental case, unemphatic: by, with as বেগে। bege Rapidly (lit, with speed) as লাহে লাহে। lahe lahe. Slowly (lit, with stead) as হাতে লিখা চিঠি। hate likha sithi. Letter written by hand. as তাৰ মুখে শুনিলোঁ। tar mukhe xunilü̃. Heard from (by) his mouth. Usage notes For personal pronouns without suffixes, the ergative marking is not used. For example, as মই যাওঁ, মই খাওঁ। I go, I eat. Here as যাওঁ go (1st person) is intransitive and as খাওঁ eat (1st person) is transitive, but the subject as মই I doesn't get the ergative marking. as তহঁত যাৱ, তহঁতে খাৱ। tohõt zao, tohõte khao. You guys go, you guys eat. Here as তহঁতে you (plural, ergative) gets the ergative marking because it has the plural suffix as -হঁত. Other plural suffixes used in personal pronouns are: as -লোক, as -সকল etc and the non-plural honorific suffix as -খেত (used in as তেখেত, as এখেত) also gets the marking. Etymology 2 Suffix as suffix locative suffix for some words: on, in, at as -অত as বুধবাৰে budhbare on Wednesday as একেবাৰে ekebare totally at one time as কাৰণে karone for in reason as মতে mote accordingly in opinion as বাহিৰে bahire except in out as মাজে মাজে maze maze occasionally in middle in middle Bengali Alternative forms bn -য় -ẏ orthographic, after another vowel Pronunciation Etymology 1 bn case The three case markers have distinct origins: the nominative is from bn inc-obn -এ -e < und *-aï, from bn pra-mag -𑀅𑀏 < und *-akaḥ, from bn sa -अः -অঃ nom. sg. marker with pleonastic infix pra 𑀓​ (compare bn সে). the instrumental is from bn inc-obn -এঁ -ẽ, from bn pra-mag -𑀏𑀁 < und *-en, from bn sa -एन​ -এন inst. sg. marker. the locative is from bn inc-obn -অই -অই ~ -এ -aï ~ -e, from bn pra-mag -𑀅𑀳𑀺 -𑀅𑀳𑀺 ~ -𑀅𑀳𑀺𑀁, from unattested Old Indo-Aryan und *-adhi (compare pi -adhi), from bn ine-pro *-dʰe *-e-dʰi; the Prakrit term was probably conflated with pra -𑀅𑀫𑁆𑀳𑀺, from sa -अस्मिन् -অস্মিন্ loc. sg. pronominal suffix. Since Old Bengali, the nominative has been conflated with the instrumental through the fusion of active and passive constructions. Since Middle Bengali, the instrumental (and thus, in some instances, also the nominative) has been conflated with the locative due to both semantic overlap and phonetic similarity, and the instrumental is mostly extinct now. This conflation is also visible by instances of other locative suffixes (bn -ত -t and bn -তে) being used for the other two cases. Suffix bn suffix bn now chiefly Vanga Varendra marker of the nominative case for animate and inanimate agents of transitive verbs bn বাপে টাকা চাইছে bape ṭaka caiche Father has wanted money bn বন্যায় সব ভাইঙ্যা দিলো bonnaẏ śob bhaiṅê dilō The flood destroyed everything bn largely _ obsolete marker of the instrumental case for animate and inanimate nouns bn কলমে লিখা kolome likha Written by pen marker of the locative case for inanimate nouns bn সাগরে ভাসে śagore bhaśe Floats on the sea bn ঘরে থাকে ghore thake Lives in the room References 2 741-746 Etymology 2 bn pronoun bn inc-obn -অই -aï 3rd person sg. pres. ind., from bn pra -𑀅𑀇, from bn sa -अति -অতি. Suffix 3rd person ordinary marker of present indicative verbs bn সে করে He/she does bn by extension chiefly _ Rarh Varendra 3rd person ordinary marker of simple past transitive verbs bn তারা দিলে They gave bn by extension chiefly _ Rarh Varendra 3rd person ordinary marker of future verbs bn বাচ্চাটা খেলবে The kid will play