Iroquois

iroquois English Etymology Attested in American English since the 1660s, from en fr Iroquois, fr Hiroquois (attested since the early 1600s). The ultimate origin is uncertain. 2 theories Missionary Charles Arnaud derived it from en moe irno-kué terrible people. Linguist Gordon Day notes that though no form irno "person" is attested, one is plausible (given iriniou and ilnu), but application to a non-Montagnais is unlikely, and kué is too short: the root is kwet-.Gordon Day, Iroquois: An Etymology (1968) Day finds support for a longer form kwedɛč ("an Iroquois", lit. "terrible, frightening person") in Pacifique's Micmac grammar, in "goetètjg", and sees "fairly good indications that the name [i.e. kwedɛč] was an ancient one for Iroquoian peoples generally", but then "irno kwedɛč" would awkwardly mean "a person, an Iroquois", which could not have been a usual term. Day theorizes the awkward phrase may nonetheless have been uttered by some interpreter and used thereafter by the unaware French, or alternatively the Montagnais may have borrowed an Iroquoian autonym whereafter Montagnais folk-etymologizers adapted it to resemble those words; for example, moh i-ih moh rón꞉kwe rongwe man would have entered Montagnais as /iːrohkwe/. (Some earlier scholars proposed that an Iroquoian term like the Mohawk term was the direct etymon of the French.) Linguist Peter Bakker alternatively proposes that the etymon is a Basque pidgin word (h)ilokoa "killers" (mirroring Algonquian names for the Iroquois), from eu hil to kill and a suffix eu -koa those of which may be the source of some other tribal names ending in -quois.Peter Bakker, A Basque etymology for the amerindian tribal name Iroquois, Man in the Northeast 40 (1990): 89-93 Hilokoa, as Brad Loewen notes, is ungrammatical in standard Basque (Loewen suggests eu irikoa those of the walled town as an alternative etymon).Brad Loewen, Contact in the 16th century (2016) Pronunciation en /ˈɪɹ.ə.kwɔɪ/ /ˈɪɹ.ə.kɔɪ/ en /ˈɪɹ.ə.kwɑː/ Canada en en-us-Iroquois.ogg US Noun * A member of a confederacy of (originally) five Native American (Indian) tribes: the Mohawks, the Oneidas, the Onondagas, the Cayugas, and the Senecas. en Iroquese<qq:obsolete> A kind of hairdo where both sides of the head are shaved, leaving only a stripe of hair in the middle. Translations a person belonging to an Iroquois tribe Azerbaijani: az irokez Belarusian: be іраке́з m, be іраке́зка f Catalan: ca iroquès m Cayuga: cay Cherokee: chr ᎠᏂᏅᏓᏪᎩ Chinese: Mandarin: cmn 易洛魁人 yìluòkuírén Cree: Moose Cree: crm nâtowew Plains Cree: crk nâtawêw Czech: cs Irokéz m Dutch: nl Irokees m Esperanto: eo irokezo Faroese: fo irokesi m, fo irokesari m Finnish: fi irokeesi French: fr Iroquois m, fr Iroquoise f Frisian: Saterland Frisian: stq Irokesen p German: de Irokese m, de Irokesin f Italian: it irochese mf Marathi: mr इरोक्वा Mohawk: moh Rotinonshón꞉ni m-p Ojibwe: oj naadowe, oj naadoweg p Oneida: one Onondaga: ono Ottawa: otw naadwe, otw naadweg p Persian: fa ایروکوا irokovâ Polish: pl Irokez m, pl Irokezka f Portuguese: pt iroquês m, pt iroquesa f Potawatomi: pot nadwé, pot nadwék p Romanian: ro irochez m Russian: ru ироке́з m Seneca: see Hodínöhšö꞉ni꞉h m-p Slovak: sk Irokéz m, sk Irokézi m-p Spanish: es iroqués Tagalog: tl Irokes Turkish: tr İrokua Unami: unm Opanu Uzbek: uz irokez hairdo Mohawk Frisian: Saterland Frisian: stq Irokesen p German: de Haudenosaunee Marathi: mr इरोक्वा Tagalog: tl Irokes Proper noun Any of the languages of the Iroquois, belonging to the Iroquoian family of languages. Translations language Dutch: nl Irokese taal f Finnish: fi irokeesikieli French: fr iroquois m German: de irokesische Sprachen f-p Marathi: mr इरोक्वा f Ojibwe: oj naadowemowin Ottawa: otw Naadwemwin Polish: pl irokeski m Portuguese: pt iroquês m Potawatomi: pot nadwémwen Romanian: ro irocheză f Tagalog: tl Irokes Adjective ? Of or pertaining to the Iroquois confederacy, its people, language, or culture. en Iroquese<qq:obsolete> Translations of or pertaining to the Iroquois Catalan: ca iroquès Czech: cs irokézský French: fr iroquois German: de irokesisch Italian: it irochese Polish: pl irokeski Portuguese: pt iroquês Romanian: ro irochez Russian: ru ирокезский Derived terms en Iroquoisness Iroquoia Iroquois County Iroquois Falls Iroquois League See also en Haudenosaunee Ganonsyoni References en Hair Languages Native American tribes French Pronunciation Proper noun m # Iroquoise en Iroquois (person) Derived terms fr Iroquoisie Related terms fr iroquois Descendants ca iroquès 1 cs Irokéz 1 nl Irokees 1 en Iroquois Iroquese 1 de Irokese 1 it irochese 1 pl Irokez 1 pt iroquês 1 ro irochez 1 ru ироке́з 1 es iroqués 1 tr İrokua 1