-nis

Appendix:Variations of "nis" Alemannic German Etymology From gsw gmh -nisse, from gsw goh -nissī f, goh -nissi n, from gsw gmw-pro *-nassī. Cognate to de -nis, en -ness. Suffix gsw suffix n,f plural -nis -ness nominalizer Usage notes Mostly neuter. Derived terms gsw gsw noun-forming suffixes Antigua and Barbuda Creole English Suffix aig suffix Appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning "the state of being (the adjective)", "the quality of being (the adjective)", or "the measure of being (the adjective)". Derived terms aig Dutch Etymology From nl odt -nissi, odt -nussi, from nl gmw-pro *-nassī. Suffix nl suffix noun-forming suffixes f plural -nissen -ment, -ation, -ness Usage notes While a cognate of en -ness, this Dutch suffix is not an exact equivalent semantically; for example, it is not restricted to abstract nouns representing states of being but also produces more concrete, countable nouns, particularly action nouns. The deverbal suffix -nis proved one of the most productive noun-forming suffixes in Dutch up until 16th century Dutch.http://www.tntl.nl/index.php/tntl/article/view/286/272 It was a deverbal noun former and formed with verbal stems, infinitives or participles. Nowadays, the suffix -nis “-ness” is either no longer productive or at most marginally productive. In a few cases, the suffix carries a neuter gender; for example in nl vonnis and nl vuilnis Derived terms nl References German Alternative forms de -niß -nüß -nuß obsolete Etymology de :inh gmh:-nisse<ety:inh<goh:-nissi<g:n><ety:inh<gmw-pro:*-nassī>>>> From de gmh -nisse, from de goh -nissī f, goh -nissi n, from de gmw-pro *-nassī. Cognate to en -ness. Pronunciation de /nɪs/ de LL-Q188 (deu)-Frank C. Müller--nis.wav de De--nis.ogg <<Germany>> (<<Berlin>>) Suffix de suffix n noun-forming suffixes genitive -nisses plural -nisse A suffix for deriving nouns from verbs or adjectives. In some cases the suffix is feminine. de hindern to hinder, to hamper → de Hindernis an obstacle de geheim secret adjective → de Geheimnis a secret noun Derived terms de Ärgernis Bedeutnis Bedrängnis Bedürfnis Begräbnis Behältnis Bekenntnis Besäufnis Bildnis Bündnis Eingeständnis Einverständnis Ereignis Erfordernis Ergebnis Erlebnis Ersparnis Erzeugnis Gedächtnis Gefängnis Geheimnis Gelöbnis Geschehnis Geständnis Gleichnis Hemmnis Hindernis Missverhältnis Missverständnis Säumnis Unverständnis Verbündnis Verhältnis Verhängnis Verlöbnis Vermächtnis Versäumnis Verständnis Verzeichnis Vorkommnis Wagnis Wildnis Zerwürfnis Zeugnis Zugeständnis Suffix de suffix f genitive -nis plural -nisse A suffix for deriving nouns from verbs or adjectives, etymologically identical to the preceding. de erlauben to permit → de Erlaubnis permission de finster dark → de Finsternis darkness Usage notes There is no perfect rule to determine whether a noun with the suffix -nis is neuter (→ suffix 1) or feminine (→ suffix 2). The former may be concrete or abstract, whereas the latter are almost exclusively abstract. Derived terms de Bedrängnis Befugnis Besorgnis Betrübnis Bewandtnis Bitternis Empfängnis Erkenntnis Erlaubnis Ersparnis Fäulnis Finsternis Kenntnis Ödnis Säumnis Unkenntnis Verdammnis Middle English Suffix enm suffix 1 enm -nesse Old English Pronunciation -nis Suffix f ang -nes: -ness; forms abstract nouns