-logy

logy English Alternative forms en -ology Etymology en ine-pro *leǵ- en branch of study :bor fr:-logie<id:branch of study> 1 Originates with loanwords from the Ancient Greek, usually via Latin and French, where the Ancient Greek suffix grc -λογία is an integral part of the word loaned. E.g. en astrology from la astrologia, since the 16th century. The en fr -logie is a continuation of en la -logia, ultimately from en grc -λογία. Within Greek, the suffix is an grc -ία abstract from grc λόγος account, explanation, narrative, itself a verbal noun from grc λέγω to say, speak, converse, tell a story. en -logia. Within English, the suffix becomes productive, especially to form names of sciences or departments of study, analogous to names of disciplines loaned from the Latin, such as en astrology from la astrologia or en geology from la geologia. Original compositions of terms with no precedent in Greek or Latin become common beginning in the later 18th century, sometimes imitating French or German templates (e.g. en insectology, attested 1766, after French fr insectologie; en terminology, attested 1801, after German de Terminologie). In a third stage, from the 19th century, the suffix becomes productive enough to form nonce combinations with English terms with no Greek or Latin origin, such as en undergroundology (1820), en hatology (1837). Finally, from the second half of the 19th century, the suffix has also been used as a simplex as en ology (plural ologies) and en logy (plural logies), in parallel with and often alongside en ism (plural isms). Pronunciation -ləjē, en /-lə.d͡ʒi/ en LL-Q1860 (eng)-Persent101--logy.wav US en -lo gy Suffix - + A branch of learning; a study of a particular subject. Examples: biology, geology, genealogy speech, or a way of speaking, a narrative, logical discourse. Examples: haplology, eulogy, trilogy, apology Usage notes The form en -ology is also used when including the connecting vowel en -o- that is commonly used in connecting two elements of Greek origin. Synonyms branch of learning en -ics, en -istics, en -lore, en -s Derived terms en en acarology acridology actinobiology actinology addictology adenology aerobiology aerogeology aerology aeropalynology aesthesiophysiology aetiology agnatology agnoiology agnotology agrobiology agrobiotechnology agroecology agrohydrology agrology agrostology aitiology alcohology alethiology alethology algesiology algology allergology amphibiology anaesthesiology anaplastology andrology anesthesiology angelology angiocardiology angiology angiopathology anthropobiology anthropology anthrozoology aphasiology apidology apiology arachnology arbovirology archaeology archaeomalacology archaeozoology archeology archeomalacology archeozoology arcology areology aretalogy arteriology arthrology arthropodology Assyriology asteroseismology astrobiology astrogeology astrology astroseismology astrotheology atmology atomology audiology autecology auxology axiology bacteriology balneology baraminology benthology bioarchaeology biocenology bioclimatology biocoenology bioecology biology biometeorology biomusicology biomythology biopharmacology biophysiology biopsychology biosociology biotechnology biotoxicology boxology brachylogy bromatology bronchoesophagology bronchooesophagology bronchology brontology brontotheology bryology bryotechnology bryozoology Buddhology cacology campanology cardioangiology cardiology cardiovasology cariology carphology carpology cecidiology cecidology cereology cetology characterology cheirology chelonology chemoecology chirology choreology chorology chresmology Christology chorology chronobiology chronology chronopharmacology cirripedology climatology codicology codology cohomology coleopterology coloproctology comitology communicology communioecclesiology communio-ecclesiology conchology coniology contactology coprology cosmetology cosmobiology cosmochronology cosmogeology cosmology cosmotheology craniology criminology criteriology crustaceology cryobiology cryology cryotechnology cryptology cryptozoology culturology cynology cytohistology cytology cytomorphology cytopathology cytophysiology dactylology decalogy deltiology demonology dendroarchaeology dendroarcheology dendrochronology dendroclimatology dendrology deontology dermatology dermatopathology dermatovenerology desmology diabetology dialectology dianoiology diatomology dietology dipterology dittology docimology dosology doxology dracology draconology dracontology dramatology dysteleology ecclesiology eccrinology echinodermology echocardiology ecoclimatology ecohydrology ecology ecomorphology ecopedology ecophysiology ecopsychology ecotechnology ecotoxicology ecotrophology edaphology Egyptology egyptology eidology electropathology electrophysiology electrotechnology embryology emetology encephalology endocrinology endodontology endourology enigmatology enology enterology entomology environtology enzymology epeirology epidemiology epidemology epileptology epiphytology epistemology epizootiology escapology eschatology esophagology Esperantology esthesiophysiology ethicotheology ethnoarchaeology ethnoarcheology ethnoecology ethnology ethnomethodology ethnomusicology ethnoorganology ethno-organology ethnopharmacology ethnopsychology ethology etiology Etruscology etymology exobiology exogeology exomorphology fetology fornicology futurology Francology galactology garbageology garbology gastrology gastroenterology gelotology gemellology geminology gemmology gemology genealogy genecology geoarchaeology geoarcheology geobiology geochronology geocryology geoecology geohydrology geology geomicrobiology geomorphology geopathology geopedology geotechnology geratology gerodontology gerontology glaciology glossology glottochronology glottology glycobiology gnathology gnoseology graminology grammatology graphology gynaecology gynecology hagiology haematology haematopathology haemostaseology hamartiology hamartology haplology helcology heliology helioseismology helminthology hematology hematopathology hemostaseology henology hepatogastroenterology hepato-gastroenterology hepatology heptalogy herbology heresiology herpetology heterology heteropterology hexalogy hippology histology histomorphology histopathology historiology histotechnology Hittitology hodology holomorphology hominology homoiology homology horology humorology hydrobiology hydroecology hydrogeology hydrology hydrometeorology hydromicrobiology hydromorphology hymenopterology hymnology hypnology iatroastrology iatrotheology ichnology ichthyology ichthyotheology iconology ideology imageology imagology imamology immunobiology immunocytology immunodermatology immunohaematology immunohematology immunohistology immunology immunopathology implantology Indology infectiology infology insectology Iranology irenology iridology Islamology Japanology Judeology kairology karstology karyology karyomorphology Kibology kidology killology kinesiology kinology knobology Kremlinology krenology Kurdology kymatology laryngology lepidopterology lexicology lichenology limnozoology limnology lipidology lithology lithotheology ludology lymphology malacology malacozoology maledictology mammalogy Mariology martyrology mediology meiobenthology melissopalynology melittology melittotheology melitto-theology menology mereology mereotopology mesology messianology metabiology metaphorology metapsychology meteorology meteoropathology methodology metrology microarchaeology microarcheology microbiology microclimatology microhistology micrology micrometeorology micromorphology micropalaeontology micropaleontology micropathology microtechnology mineralogy misology missiology mixology molinology monadology morology morphology morphophonology museology musicology Mycenology mycetology mycology myology myriapodology myrmecology mythology nanobiotechnology nanotechnology narcology narratology necrology nematology neology neonatology nephology nephrology neuroanthropology neurobiology neurocytology neuroendocrinology neuroethology neurogastroenterology neurohistology neuroimmunology neurology neuroophthalmology neuro-ophthalmology neurootology neuropathology neuropathophysiology neuropharmacology neurophenomenology neurophysiology neuropsychology neuropsychopharmacology neuroradiology neurotechnology nidology nomology noology nosology nostology numerology obesitology oceanology odonatology odontology odontostomatology odorology oenology oesophagology oikology omphalology oncohaematology oncohematology oncology oneirology onomasiology onomatology ontology ontopsychology ontotheology oology ophiology ophthalmology optotechnology orchidology organology ornithology orology orthokeratology orthology orthopterology osmology osteoarchaeology osteoarcheology osteoimmunology osteology otolaryngology otology otorhinolaryngology ovology paedodontology paedology pædology paidology palaeanthropology palæanthropology palaeoanthropology palaeobiology palaeoclimatology palaeoecology palaeoecophysiology palaeoentomology palaeohistology palaeohydrology palaeoichnology palaeoichthyology palaeolimnology palaeomorphology palaeontology palaeoosteology palaeoparasitology palaeopathology palaeopedology palaeophysiology palaeophytology palaeornithology palaeoserology palaeovirology palaeozoology paleoanthropology paleobiology paleoclimatology paleoecology paleoecophysiology paleoentomology paleohistology paleohydrology paleoichnology paleoichthyology paleolimnology paleomorphology paleontology paleoosteology paleoparasitology paleopathology paleopedology paleophysiology paleophytology paleornithology paleoserology paleovirology paleozoology palynology papyrology parachronology paralogy parapsychology parasitology paremiology parodontology pathobiology pathohistology pathology pathophysiology pathopsychology patrology pedobiology pedodontology pedology penology pentalogy perinatology periodontology pestology petinotheology petino-theology petrifactology petrology pharmacology pharyngology phenology phenomenology philology phlebology phonology photobiology photogeology photology phraseology phrenology phthisiology phycology phyllobiology physicotheology physico-theology physiology physiopathology phytobalneology phytoecology phytology phytomorphology phytonematology phytopalaeontology phytopaleontology phytopathology phytopharmacology phytophysiology phytosociology phytotechnology phytotheology phyto-theology pigeonology piphilology pisteology planetology planktology plumology pneumatology pneumology pneumonology podology poenology poetology politology polyetiology pomology ponerology posology potamology praxeology primatology proctology projectiology prophetology protistology protology protozoology psephology pseudoetymology pseudo-etymology psychobiology psychodermatology psychoendoneuroimmunology psychooncology psycho-oncology psychology psychoneuroendocrinoimmunology psychoneuroendocrinology psychoneuroimmunology psychopathology psychopharmacology psychophysiology psychotraumatology pteridology pulmology pulmonology pyramidology pyrology pyrotheology pyro-theology quadrilogy raciology radiobiology radioecology radiology radiooncology radiopathology radiopharmacology rastrology reflexology reptiliology rheology rheumatology rhinolaryngology rhinology rhodology rhythmology roentgenology runology sacramentology sarcology scatology scenology sclerochronology Scientology sedimentology seismology selenology semasiology sematology semiology senology seroepidemiology serology serpentology sexology Sinology sinology sitiology skeletochronology sociology sociobiology somatology somnology sophiology sophrology soteriology Sovietology spasmologyy speleology splanchnology spongiology sporalogy staurology stemmatology stomatology storiology strabismology strabology strigiology stromatology sucrology suggestology suicidology Sumerology symbology symptomatology symptomology syndesmology syndromatology synecology syphilology syzygiology tautology technology tegestology teleology teleradiology teratology terminology testamentology tetralogy teuthology thanatology thaumatology theology theriogenology theriology thermatology thermology Thracology thremmatology Tibetology tidology timology tocology tokology tonology topology toxicology transfusiology translatology transplantology trassology traumatology traumatopsychology tribology trichology trichopterology trilogy tropology trophology Turcology Turkology typology ufology urogynaecology urogynecology urology urooncology uro-oncology uroradiology vaccinology venereology venology vermeology vexillology victimology vinylogy virology vitaminology Volapükology volcanology vulcanology xenobiology xenology xylology zooarchaeology zooarcheology zooecology zoology zoomorphology zoopalaeontology zoopaleontology zoosociology zumology zymology zymotechnology en Derived terms pertaining to speech, or a way of speaking, a narrative analogy apology dilogy duology eulogy haplology hexalogy quadrilogy tetralogy trilogy Related terms en -logic -logical -logist ology Translations branch of learning Afrikaans: af -logie Albanian: sq -logji f Arabic: ar ـلُوجِيَا f, ar علم m عِلْم اَلـ Aragonese: an -lochía f Armenian: hy -լոգիա Asturian: ast -loxía f Azerbaijani: az -şünaslıq, az -logiya, az -çilik Basque: eu -logia in Belarusian: be -ло́гія f Breton: br -loji f Bulgarian: bg -ло́гия f Burmese: my ဗေဒ Catalan: ca -logia f Cebuano: ceb -lohia Chinese: Cantonese: yue 學 Mandarin: cmn 學 xué Corsican: co -lugia f Czech: cs -logie f Danish: da -logi c Dutch: nl -logie f, nl -kunde, nl -leer Erzya: myv -тона Esperanto: eo -logio Estonian: et -loogia Faroese: fo -frøði f Finnish: fi -logia, fi oppi -oppi French: fr -logie f Friulian: fur -logjie f Galician: gl -loxía f Georgian: ka -ლოგია German: de -kunde f, de Lehre f -lehre, de Wissenschaft f -wissenschaft, de -logie f, de -ik f Alemannic German: gsw -logie f Greek: el -λογία f Ancient Greek: grc -λογία f Guarani: Paraguayan Guarani: gug -kuaaty, gug -kuaa Haitian Creole: ht -loji Hebrew: he ־לוֹגְיָה f -logya Hindi: hi ज्ञान m -ज्ञान Hungarian: hu -lógia, hu -ászat, hu -észet, hu tan -tan, hu tudomány -tudomány Icelandic: is -fræði Ido: io -logio Indonesian: id -logi Interlingua: ia -logia Irish: ga eolaíocht f, ga -lógacht f Italian: it -logia f Japanese: ja 学 -がく, -gaku, ja ロジー -rojī -ロジー with non-Japanese words Javanese: jv -ꦮꦶꦢꦾ Kazakh: kk -тану, kk -логия Khmer: km វិទ្យា -វិទ្យា, km សាស្ត្រ -សាស្ត្រ Korean: ko 학(學) Kurdish: Northern Kurdish: kmr -lojî, kmr -nasî f, kmr -zanî f, kmr -vanî f Kyrgyz: ky -логия Lao: lo ວິທະຍາ -ວິທະຍາ, lo ສາດ -ສາດ Latin: la -logia f Latvian: lv -logija f Lithuanian: lt -logija f Low German: nds -logie f Luxembourgish: lb -logie f Macedonian: mk -логија f Malay: ms -logi, ms kaji Maltese: mt -loġija f Mongolian: mn зүй Navajo: nv naalkaah Norwegian: Bokmål: nb -logi m Nynorsk: nn -logi m Occitan: oc -logia f Old English: ang -cræft m Persian: Dari: prs ـشِنَاسِی Iranian Persian: fa-ira ـشِناسی, fa-ira ـلوژی -loži Classical Persian: fa-cls ـشِنَاسِی Polish: pl -logia f Portuguese: pt -logia f Romanian: ro -logie f Cyrillic: ro -лоӂие f Russian: ru -ло́гия f, ru ведение n -ве́дение, ru знание n -зна́ние Sami: Northern Sami: se -logiija Sardinian: sc -logia f Serbo-Croatian: Cyrillic: sh -ло̀гија f Latin: sh -lògija f, sh -slovlje n, sh -znanstvo n obsolete Sicilian: scn -luggìa f Slovak: sk -lógia f Slovene: sl -logija f Spanish: es -logía f Sundanese: su -logi Swedish: sv -logi c Tagalog: tl -lohia, tl -lohiya Tajik: tg -шиносӣ Tamil: ta -இயல் Thai: th วิทยา -วิทยา -wíttáyaa, th ศาสตร์ -ศาสตร์ -sàat Turkish: tr -loji Turkmen: tk -logiýa Ukrainian: uk -ло́гія f Urdu: ur یات -iyāt Uyghur: ug ـشۇناسلىق Uzbek: uz -shunoslik, uz -logiya Vietnamese: vi học (vi 學) Walloon: wa -lodjeye f Welsh: cy -eg f, cy -leg f Yiddish: yi ־לאָגיע f Zazaki: zza -loci f speech German: de -teiler m set of works Norwegian: Bokmål: nb -logi Nynorsk: nn Polish: pl -logia f See also en -nomy Further reading Anagrams en gloy Goly