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411 समाचार
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411 REFERENCE · Wiktionary

-ный

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Carpathian Rusyn Etymology rue :inh zle-ort:-ный<ety:inh<orv:-ьнъ<ety:inh<sla-pro:*-ьnъ>>>> 1 rue zle-ort -ный, from rue orv -ьнъ, from rue sla-pro *-ьnъ. Cognates include be -ны and uk -ний. Suffix rue suffix -ный -ны́й adjective-forming suffixes variant -нїй forms adjectives Declension -ны́й Derived terms rue Russian Alternative forms ru -но́й when the ending is stressed Etymology ru :bor cu:-ьнъ<alt:-ьныи> ru cu -ьнъ -ьныи, from ru sla-pro *-ьnъ *-ьnъjь. ru -ной. Pronunciation Suffix ru suffix adjective-forming suffixes soft variant -ний -ish, -ic, -al, -ed; having a particular quality of, pertaining to, associated with; forms adjectives from nouns, and sometimes from verbs ru культу́ра culture культу́рный cultural ru ме́сто place ме́стный local ru наро́д people наро́дный folk ru не́га comfort не́жный gentle ru нормати́в norm нормати́вный normative ru свобо́да freedom свобо́дный free ru учёба studies, training уче́бный educational, relational training ru се́рия series сери́йный serial ru грех sin гре́шный sinful ru не- обы́чай custom необыча́йный unusual, extraordinary ru molekular de молекуля́рный molecular ru Kassation de кассацио́нный relational appeal, cassation ru томи́ть to tire, to exhaust то́мный languid, languorous Usage notes Note the following properties: A velar (as well as ru ц) normally turns into a palatal as a result of the Slavic first palatalization. This and the following several properties are due to the ru *ь that was formerly present at the beginning of the suffix. ru не́га comfort не́жный gentle ru грех sin гре́шный sinful ru се́рдце heart genitive plural ru серде́ц серде́чный cordial A stem ending in ru -л turns into ru -ль before the suffix; contrariwise, all other stems ending in ru -ь lose this. ru глаго́л verb глаго́льный verbal ru ла́герь camp ла́герный relational camp With reducible nouns, the stem assumes its non-reduced form before the suffix. With feminine and neuter nouns, this form is found only in the genitive plural. This applies even to nouns with no plural. ru земля́ land genitive plural ru земе́ль земе́льный relational land ru ядро́ nucleus genitive plural ru я́дер я́дерный nuclear ru ёлка Christmas tree genitive plural ru ёлок ёлочный relational Christmas tree к is palatalized in accordance with a preceding property ru во́дка vodka genitive plural ru *во́док во́дочный relational vodka ru литьё casting genitive plural ru *лите́й лите́йный relational casting ru ё may turn back into ru е before the suffix. ru учёба studies, training уче́бный educational, relational training, but ru учёт registration учётный relational registration The stress is sometimes (but not always) drawn onto the preceding syllable. ru не- un- обы́чай custom 1 → ru необыча́йный unusual, extraordinary ru се́рия series сери́йный serial Foreign nouns ending in invariant ru -е change this to stressed ru -е́й before the suffix. ru ко́фе coffee кофе́йный relational coffee ru шоссе́ šossɛ́ highway шоссе́йный šossɛ́jnyj relational highway Some adjectives in ru -ия, ru -ие change this to stressed ru -е́й before the suffix (as if they ended in ru -ья, ru -ье/ru -ьё). ru ору́жие weapon, arms оруже́йный relational weapon, gun, arms ru ли́ния line лине́йный linear But some adjectives in ru -ия, ru -ие have the expected change to ru -и́й: ru ору́дие large gun оруди́йный relational large gun ru се́рия series сери́йный serial Adjectives in ru -ный may be formed directly from foreign nouns or adjectives, as in ru молекуля́рный molecular and ru кассацио́нный relational appeal, cassation (there is no such adjective ru *молекуля́р and no such noun ru *кассацио́н). In particular, nouns ending in -ия (from Latin -io with oblique stem -ion) form adjectives ending in -ио́нный (see ru -онный): ru пози́ция position позицио́нный positional. Sometimes this pattern is extended to nouns ending in -ия which come from Latin -ia, as in ru интерфере́нция interference интерференцио́нный relational interference. Note in particular that nouns in ru -ка, ru -ко have corresponding adjectives in unstressed ru -очный. Declension -ный a -ен 1 -ный a -енъ Derived terms ru