411 REFERENCE · Wiktionary
-isha
Reference material by Wiktionary contributors. This retains its source identity and is not 411 news reporting.
Swahili
Alternative forms
sw -lisha/-lesha
Etymology
sw :inh bnt-sab-pro:*-išya + y, from sw bnt-pro *-ɪkia. sw -ika<alt:-ik-><pos:stative><naf> -ya<pos:causative>.
Cognate with zdj -isa/zdj -esa, shr <alt:-isaà>, and chw -eca. May be cognate with many other Bantu causative suffixes, but regular sound changes in many languages have merged the reflexes of bnt-pro *-ica and bnt-pro *-ɪkia.
Suffix
sw suffix mid vowel harmony variant -esha
causative suffix
sw added to a verb to cause to, to make
sw -ya -iza/-eza
sw la<alt:-la><t:to eat> lisha<alt:-lisha><t:to feed>
sw weza<alt:-weza><t:to be able> -esha wezesha<alt:-wezesha><t:to enable>
sw added to an adjective to cause to become, to make
sw imara<t:strong> imarisha<alt:-imarisha><t:to strengthen>
sw added to a noun to give a characteristic of, to turn into
sw sababu<t:cause> sababisha<alt:-sababisha><t:to cause>
sw orodha<t:list> -esha orodhesha<alt:-orodhesha><t:to list>
Derived terms
sw
Swahili causative verbs