411 REFERENCE · Wiktionary
Bern
Reference material by Wiktionary contributors. This retains its source identity and is not 411 news reporting.
bern
English
<dab!>
Pronunciation
bû(r)n UK, en /bɜː(ɹ)n/
en LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-Bern.wav Southern England
en /bɝn/ US
en burn
en ɜː(ɹ)n 1
bârn local, en /bɛ(ɹ)n/
en bairn
en ɛə(ɹ)n 1
Etymology 1
thumb|canton of Bern (sense 2)
From en gsw Bärn, of uncertain further origin.
A popular folk etymology says it was named by its founder, Berthold V, Duke of Zähringen, after the first animal he saw in the area, a de Bär Bär(in) bear (compare de Berlin, subject to a similar folk etymology).
The name is now thought to be connected to a en cel - word, en cel-pro *berna cleft (from en ine-pro *bʰerH- to carve out, cut)Müller, Wulf; Tremp, Ernst (13 November 2013). "Üchtland". Historical Dictionary of Switzerland.Andres Kristol (ed.): Lexikon der schweizerischen Gemeindenamen. Huber, Frauenfeld 2005, p. 143. and cel-pro *branos raven (compare the name und ΒΡΕΝΟΔΩΡ Grek BRENODŌR, on the Bern zinc tablet, which has also been connected with the Gaulish name cel-gau Brennus). More at Bern.
Alternative forms
en Berne
Proper noun
~
A placename
en federal city c/Switzerland ; capital city can/Bern.
en 2024-07-11 Christina Caron Narcissism Is a Trait That’s Hard to Shake, Study Says w:The New York Times https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/11/well/mind/narcissism-age-empathy.html Although the researchers found that, on average, narcissism gradually declined as people aged, “the results show that this decline is not as large as one might hope,” said Ulrich Orth, the lead author of the paper and a professor of developmental psychology at the University of Bern in Switzerland. https://web.archive.org/web/20240713010824/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/11/well/mind/narcissism-age-empathy.html
en canton c/Switzerland.
en
Derived terms
en Bremgarten bei Bern Bernese New Bern
Translations
city
Afrikaans: af Bern
Albanian: sq Bern m
Amharic: am ቤርን
Arabic: ar بِرْن f bern, ar بِيرْن f bern, ar بِيرْن f
Armenian: hy Բեռն
Asturian: ast Berna
Azerbaijani: az Bern
Basque: eu Berna
Belarusian: be Берн m, be Бэрн m
Bengali: bn বের্ন
Bulgarian: bg Берн m
Burmese: my ဘန်းမြို့
Catalan: ca Berna f
Chinese:
Cantonese: yue 伯恩 baak3 jan1
Mandarin: cmn 伯爾尼 Bó'ěrní, cmn 伯恩 Bó'ēn Taiwan
Czech: cs Bern m
Danish: da Bern n
Dutch: nl Bern n
Esperanto: eo Berno
Estonian: et Bern
Farefare: gur Bɛrna
Finnish: fi Bern
French: fr Berne f
Galician: gl Berna
Georgian: ka ბერნი
German: de Bern n
Alemannic German: gsw Bärn
Greek: el Βέρνη f
Hebrew: he בֶּרְן f bern
Hindi: hi बर्न m
Icelandic: is Bern
Indonesian: id Bern
Irish: ga Beirn f
Italian: it Berna f
Japanese: ja ベルン Berun
Kazakh: kk Берн
Khmer: km ប៊ែន
Korean: ko ^베른
Kurdish:
Northern Kurdish: kmr Bern
Kyrgyz: ky Берн
Lao: lo ແບນ
Latin: la Verona f, la Verena f, la Bernum n, la Berma f, la Bernna f, la Berona f Latn, la Beruna f Latn, la Arctopolis f Latn
Latvian: lv Berne f
Lithuanian: lt Bernas m
Macedonian: mk Берн m
Malay: ms Bern
Maltese: mt Bern
Marathi: mr बर्न
Mongolian:
Cyrillic: mn Берн
Norwegian:
Bokmål: nb Bern
Pashto: ps برن m bern
Persian: fa برن bern
Polish: pl Berno n
Portuguese: pt Berna f
Romanian: ro Berna f
Romansh: rm Berna f
Russian: ru Берн m
Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic: sh Бе̑рн m
Latin: sh Bȇrn m
Slovak: sk Bern m
Slovene: sl Bern m
Spanish: es Berna f
Swedish: sv Bern n
Tagalog: tl Berna, tl Bern
Tajik: tg Берн
Tamil: ta பேர்ன்
Tatar: tt Берн
Thai: th แบร์น
Tibetan: bo པེར་ནེ
Turkish: tr Bern
Turkmen: tk Bern
Ukrainian: uk Берн m
Urdu: ur برن m barn
Uyghur: ug بېرن
Uzbek: uz Bern
Vietnamese: vi Bơn, vi Béc-nơ
Yiddish: yi בערן n
canton
Afrikaans: af Bern
Catalan: ca Berna
Finnish: fi Bern
French: fr Berne m
Georgian: ka ბერნი, ka ბერნის კანტონი
German: de Bern n
Italian: it Berna f
Maltese: mt Bern
Polish: pl Berno n
Romansh: rm Berna f
Russian: ru Берн m, ru канто́н Берн m
Ukrainian: uk Берн m
See also
References
Andres Kristol (ed.), 2005: Lexikon der schweizerischen Gemeindenamen, Huber, Frauenfeld, p. 143. 3-7193-1308-5
Etymology 2
Abbreviations
en Bernard.
en Bernadette.
en Bernice.
Proper noun
s
en unisex Bernie.
en male Bernie Bernard.
en female Bernie Bernadette,Bernice.
Anagrams
en benr Bren NBER Nebr. bren
Afrikaans
af:
Proper noun
af capital city c/Switzerland ; capital city can/Bern Bern
af canton c/Switzerland Bern
Derived terms
af Berner
af Berns
Czech
cs:
Pronunciation
Proper noun
m-in bernský
cs capital city c/Switzerland ; capital city can/Bern Bern
cs canton c/Switzerland Bern
Declension
m.sg
Further reading
Danish
Proper noun
da proper noun
da capital city c/Switzerland ; capital city can/Bern Bern
da canton c/Switzerland Bern
Dutch
nl:
Etymology 1
Borrowed from nl de Bern.
Pronunciation
nl /bɛrn/
nl Nl-Bern.ogg
nl Bern
nl ɛrn 1
Proper noun
n
nl capital city c/Switzerland ; capital city can/Bern Bern
nl canton c/Switzerland Bern
Etymology 2
First attested as birni in 709. Derived from nl gem-pro *birnu- muck, manure, mud that looks like manure with collectivising suffix gem-pro *-ja-.
Pronunciation
nl /bɛrn/
nl Nl-Bern.ogg
nl Bern
nl ɛrn 1
Proper noun
n
nl hamlet mun/Zaltbommel p/Gelderland c/Netherlands
References
Estonian
Proper noun
et proper noun
et capital city c/Switzerland ; capital city can/Bern Bern
et canton c/Switzerland Bern
Faroese
fo:
Proper noun
fo proper noun ?
fo capital c/Switzerland Bern
German
de:
de:Kanton +
thumb|Kanton Bern (sense 2)
Alternative forms
de BE canton; ISO 3166-2:CH
Etymology
de :bor gsw:Bärn
de gsw Bärn.
Pronunciation
de [bɛʁn]
de De-Bern2.ogg <<Germany>> (<<Berlin>>)
de De-Bern.ogg Switzerland
de ɛʁn 1
Proper noun
toponym
de capital city c/Switzerland ; capital city can/Bern Bern
de canton c/Switzerland Bern
de Kanton Bern
Derived terms
de Berner
de bernisch
See also
Further reading
Icelandic
is:
Proper noun
@@
is capital c/Switzerland Bern
Declension
f
Serbo-Croatian
Etymology
From sh gsw Bärn.
Pronunciation
sh /bêːrn/
Proper noun
Bȇrn m-in
sh capital city c/Switzerland ; capital city can/Bern Bern
sh canton c/Switzerland Bern
Declension
Bern Berna Bernu Bern Berne Bernu Bernom
References
eVhlWQ%3D%3D
Slovak
Pronunciation
Proper noun
m-in Bernu dub
sk capital c/Switzerland Bern
References
Slovene
sl:
Pronunciation
Bêrn
Proper noun
Bêrn m-in
sl capital c/Switzerland Bern
Declension
Bêrn sg
Derived terms
sl Bêrnčan / sl Bêrnčanka
sl bêrnski
References
Swedish
Etymology
From sv gsw Bärn.
Proper noun
n
sv capital city c/Switzerland ; capital city can/Bern Bern
sv canton c/Switzerland Bern