Canuck

English 2024 July 1 Etymology en Origin uncertain, often hypothesized to derive from the name or speech of an early Canadian minority, later broadened to denote all Canadians:Irving Lewis Allen Flippity Floppity: The Semantic Inversion and Transmigration of Slurs Unkind Words: Ethnic Labeling from Redskin to WASP New York, N.Y. Bergin & Garvey, Greenwood Publishing Group 1990 part I (Traditional Slurs) 59 and 61–62 https://archive.org/details/unkindwordsethni0000alle/page/59/mode/1up 978-0-89789-217-9. Since 1975, many scholars have come to think the name is from en haw kanaka man,n. & adjn Webster a self-appellation of indentured colonial canoemen and Hawaiian sailors working off the Pacific Northwest, Arctic and New England coasts, from fr canaque indigenous Melanesian inhabitant of New Caledonia, Kanak; or, more likely, American whalers’ pidgin,Stefan Dollinger Towards a Fully Revised and Extended Edition of the Dictionary of Canadianisms on Historical Principles (DCHP-2): Background, Challenges, Prospects Historical Sociolinguistics and Sociohistorical Linguisics https://web.archive.org/web/20230417092436/https://www.let.leidenuniv.nl/hsl_shl/DCHP-2/DCHP-2/DCHP-2.htm Amsterdam John Benjamins Publishing Company for the Department of Humanities, Leiden University August 2006 6 1877-9069 697272245. then re-interpreted as en Canadian Can(adian) + a suffix.n (More below on that [specific] putative suffix.) Compare en Kanak and de Kanake. Some dictionaries suggest it is derived from the first syllable of en Canada,n. and adj 1450910864 July 2023 1; n. and adj or its etymon lre kanata village, or a related word kanuchsa meaning “villager” in either Laurentian or another Iroquoian language;Bill [William Gordon] Casselman Place Names Casselman’s Canadian Words Toronto, Ont. Copp Clark 1995 89 https://archive.org/details/casselmanscanadi0000cass_i3w1/page/89/mode/1up 978-0-7730-5515-5; with the second syllable connected to iu inuk man; person,W. W. Schuhmacher Once More Canuck Ronald R. Butters American Speech: A Quarterly of Linguistic Usage Tuscaloosa, Ala. University of Alabama Press for the American Dialect Society summer 1989 64 2 149 0003-1283 455040 909434823. from en Chinook Aboriginal people of the U.S. Pacific Northwest, or another First-Nation language ending like und -oc, und -uc, or und -uq. Fanciful and unlikely suggestions include de genug von Canada enough of Canada (allegedly uttered by German mercenaries during the American War of Independence), fr quelle canule what a bore (allegedly uttered by the French during a siege of Quebec), or the surname fr Connaught /ˈkɑ.nəxt/ (supposedly a French-Canadian nickname for the Irish). Pronunciation en /kəˈnʌk/ /kəˈnʊk/ RP,GA en En-ca-canuck.ogg CA en ʌk ʊk 2 en Can uck Noun en Canadian personen Canada US informal sometimes derogatory A Canadian person; specifically en archaic, a French Canadian person; a pea-souper; also en obsolete a Canadian person of other non-English descent. from early 19th c. en Canadian Canajan Canajun Johnny Canuck ; hoser<id:Canadian person, derogatorily and exonymically><qq:derogatory> en [Henry Cook Todd] Notes upon Canada and the United States of America: In the Year MDCCCXXXVby a Traveller. Toronto, Ont. Printed by W[illiam] J[oseph] Coates,160 King Street. 1835 paragraph 263 92 https://archive.org/details/notesuponcanadau00todd/page/92/mode/1up 53736924 Canadians are somewhat jealous of the Americans; that they are secretly manœuvering, not exactly with the inoffensive good humor of a much respected yeoman of England, but rather after the inordinate example of Ahab of old, so pithily recorded by the sacred historian. Jonathan distinguishes a Dutch or French Canadian, by the term Kanuk. “Jonathan” is a 19th-century nickname for a New Englander. on en James E[dward] Alexander XV L’Acadie; or, Seven Years’ Explorations in British America.[...] In Two Volumes. London Henry Colburn,publisher, Great Marlborough Street. 1849 I 272–273 https://archive.org/details/McGillLibrary-126492-4202/page/273/mode/1up 973231654 We saw a few partridges: we also met a lusty fellow in a forest road with a keg of whisky slung round him, who called to us 'Come boys and have some grog, I'm what you call a canuck:' a (Canadian). Referring to an English-speaking Canadian. en John G[eorge] Donkin XIII Trooper and Redskin in the Far North-West: Recollections of Life in the North-West Mounted Police, Canada, 1884–1888 London Sampson Low, Marston, Searle, & RivingtonLimited, St. Dunstan’s House, Fetter Lane, Fleet Street, E.C. 1889 148 https://archive.org/details/trooperredskinin00donkuoft/page/148/mode/1up 5755324 It is a pity these Canadian militiamen spoilt the good work they had done by never-failing bluster. But for pure and unadulterated brag I will back the lower-class Canuck against the world. The Yankee is a very sucking dove compared to his northern neighbour. en Sports of field and track: Toronto 14, Rochester 11—first game w:Democrat and Chronicle Rochester, N.Y. Rochester Printing Company 26 August 1895 63 238 11 https://www.newspapers.com/article/democrat-and-chronicle-canuck/149780751/ 1 1088-5153 5757784 [T]he Canucks were ready with bats, hands, feet and heads, to outplay the locals at all points. They did it to a nicety. It is wonderful to contemplate the quality of ball speiled by the Canucks when their lungs are filled with Rochester air. Referring to members of a Toronto baseball team. en Rowland E[vans] Robinson Forebodings of Storm A Hero of Ticonderoga Burlington, Vt. Hobart J[oseph] Shanley & Co. 1898 140 https://archive.org/details/heroticonderoga00robirich/page/140/mode/1up 7177202 He's got a Canuck a-workin' for him, and I'd livser trust a wolf 'n one o' them pea-soupers. Referring to a French Canadian. en w:Howard Angus Kennedy The Dry Patch New Canada and the New Canadians 2nd London Horace Marshall & Son May 1907 October 1907 192 https://archive.org/details/newcanadanewcana00kennrich/page/192/mode/1up 561081393 The new-comers were a couple of farmers from Minnesota, genuine Americans from birth; wise men, with a keg of good water in their waggon. "And don't you want to be Americans any longer?" I asked. "No," said they most emphatically, "we're Canucks now." en Troops pack it away Toronto Daily Star Toronto, Ont. The Toronto Star Limited 9 August 1940 18 https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-toronto-star-canuck/149788550/ 7 0837-340X 219788467 One person who realizes that the Canadian troops in England have healthy appetites is Corp. J. R. Johnstone, chief butcher of a unit. He and his 16 assistants drag from huge refrigerators eight tons of meat per day for the hungry Canucks; and every other day when rationing is less severe the butchers carve up 16 tons of lamb, beef and pork. en Larry Wood Dagg stays unbeaten: Scotch Cup winner decided tonight Richard L[ouis] Sanburn The Calgary Herald Calgary, Alta. The Southam Company 19 March 1964 18 https://www.newspapers.com/article/calgary-herald-canuck/149779068/ 5 1197-2823 The Scottish skip Alex F. Torrance missed a wide open takeout in the fifth leaving the Canucks another single. Referring to members of the Canadian curling team. en w:Richard Stursberg The Secret Canadian Life of Jack Kerouac: Reading Kerouac’s Lost French Writings Reveals the Travails of a Canuck in America Maclean’s https://web.archive.org/web/20240604194610/https://www.macleans.ca/culture/books/the-secret-canadian-life-of-jack-kerouac/ Toronto, Ont. Maclean-Hunter Publishing 12 June 2016 0024-9262 1287845798 Jack Kerouac's writings reveal that, although celebrated as an iconic American, he thought of himself as first and foremost Canadian. In La Vie est d'Hommage, he writes, "I am French Canadian. When I am angry, I often swear in French; when I dream, I often dream in French." He went on to say that "all my knowledge comes from my being French Canadian.” But as a Canuck in the United States, he felt patronized. He needed to hide his true self. Even with his friends in New York, with Allen Ginsberg and William Burroughs, he was "a completely different man. We have to live in English, it's impossible to live in French. This is the secret thought of the Canuck in America." The quotations were translated from French by Stursberg. en ice hockey A member of the Vancouver Canucks professional ice hockey team belonging to the National Hockey League. en skiing Chiefly as Crazy Canuck: a member of the Canadian alpine ski team. en rare A thing from Canada. en Caller Herrin’. As Sung by a New Haven, N.S., Fishwife. (An American edition—copyrighted too.) J[ohn] W[ilson] Bengough Grip. An Independent Journal of Humor and Caricature. XXVIII 8 Toronto, Ont. [Grip Print. & Pub. Co.] 19 February 1887 2 https://books.google.com/books?id=gms-AQAAMAAJ&pg=PP91 0702-3987 604715074 Wha'll buy my caller herrin'? / Cod, turbot, ling, delicious farin', / Buy my caller herrin', / They're every one Kanucks! en aviation military historical The Avro Canada CF-100 fighter-interceptor aircraft, in use between 1952 and 1981. en US obsolete A Canadian horse or pony. en J[osiah] G[ilbert] Holland Miss Gilbert Visits the Sky, and Little Venus Takes up Her Permanent Residence there Miss Gilbert’s Career: An American Story New York, N.Y. Charles Scribner,124 Grand Street.; London: Sampson Low, Son & Co. 1860 29 https://archive.org/details/missgilbertscare00hollrich/page/29/mode/1up 273483 I'll sit here and blow till he comes round with his old go-cart, and then I'll hang on to the tail of it, and try legs with that little Kanuck of his. en The ‘Canuck’ horse The Boston Weekly Globe Boston, Mass. Globe Publishing Company 26 January 1892 XX 4 6 https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-boston-weekly-globe-canuck/149776873/ 4 10829469 Forty years ago the States south of the French part of Canada procured a large number of horses from that country. These were popularly called "Canucks," and were distinguished from the horses of the country by strongly marked characteristics. The Canuck was thoroughly a Norman horse in all respects except size, though having more strength in proportion to size and more spirit, Canucks in general had excessive knee action, and were natural trotters or pacers, were not built for galloping, and not inclined to take that gait; Usage notes Regarding en Canadian person (“Canadian person”), in Canada the term is not derogatory, and is considered to apply to all Canadians. When used by non-Canadians, especially in the United States, the term is often considered derogatory, particularly when applied to French Canadians in New England. Alternative forms en canuck en Canack Cannack Canuc canuc Canuk Conuck Cunnuck Kanuck Kanuk K'nuck all obsolete Derived terms en Canuckian Canuckese Canuckland Canuxploitation Canuckiana Canuckistan Jack Canuck Janey Canuck Johnny Canuck Soviet Canuckistan Translations Canadian person Canadian Finnish: fi kanukki Macedonian: mk Romanian: ro canadez m Russian: ru кана́дец m, ru кана́к m Swedish: sv kanadick c French Canadian person French Canadian member of the Vancouver Canucks professional ice hockey team Finnish: fi Canucksin pelaaja Macedonian: mk member of the Canadian alpine ski team Finnish: fi Kanadan alppihiihtojoukkueen jäsen Macedonian: mk thing from Canada Finnish: fi kanukki Macedonian: mk Avro Canada CF-100 fighter-interceptor aircraft Finnish: fi Canuck Macedonian: mk Proper noun en historical rare en Canadian French the French language as spoken by Francophones in Canada. en Andrew Learmont Spedon Tale III. Adventures with Religious Impostors. Canadian Summer Evening Tales Montreal, Que. Printed by John Lovell,St. Nicholas Street. 1866 71–72 https://archive.org/details/canadiansummerev00sped/page/72/mode/1up 37719659 "Oh, monsieur, monsieur, ayez pitie de moi; je suis honnète et vous paierai dix fois autant." / "You blasted scoundrel that you are, I want none of your impertinence and Canuck lingo; go hunt up your dirty trash of hungry humbugs, that you shouldered upon me last evening." en Holman F[rancis] Day Kingdom o’ Spruce: Song of the Men o’ the Ax Kin o’ Ktaadn: Verse Stories of the Plain Folk who are Keeping Bright the Old Home Fires up in Maine Boston, Mass. w:Small, Maynard & Company 1904 145 https://archive.org/details/kinoktaadnverse00daygoog/page/n166/mode/1up 1283857 On the deacon-seat in the leapin' heat / With the corn-cobs drawin' cool and sweet, / And timin' the fiddle with tunkin' feet, / A hundred men and a chorus. / "Roule, roulant, ma boule roulant," / It 's all Canuck but a good old song; / Lift it up then, good and strong, / For a cozy night 's before us. en w:Herbert Gold Round and round, the trick of want The Man who was Not with It An Avon Library Book New York, N.Y. Avon Books 1956 March 1969 179 https://archive.org/details/manwhowasnotwith00gold/page/179/mode/1up 3370542 So Mama will say, Bon jour, Grack, tu viens enfin? That's Canuck for you ain't been a son to your ma. Can't you see by my skin and bones—I'm sick, I got a habit—I ain't my mama's anymore? en slang en Canadian English the variety of the English language used in Canada. en w:Irving Bacheller XXII D’ri and I: A Tale of Daring Deeds in the Second War with the British.Being the Memoirs of Colonel Ramon Bell, U.S.A. Boston, Mass. Lothrop Publishing Company 25 July 1901 302 https://archive.org/details/driitaleofdaring00bachuoft/page/302/mode/1up 271000 "It is one ver' gran' night," I said in my dialect of the rude Canuck; for I did not wish him, or any one, to know me. Translations synonym of Canadian French Canadian French Finnish: fi kanadanranska Macedonian: mk synonym of Canadian English Canadian English Adjective en Canadianen originally informal sometimes derogatory Of, belonging to, or relating to Canada, its culture, or people; Canadian. en Canajan Canajun Canuckistani<q:slang, derogatory or humorous> Canuckistanian<q:slang, derogatory or humorous> en non-Canadian en Andrew Learmont Spedon Tale III. Adventures with Religious Impostors. Canadian Summer Evening Tales Montreal, Que. Printed by John Lovell,St. Nicholas Street. 1866 71 https://archive.org/details/canadiansummerev00sped/page/71/mode/1up 37719659 "I want none of your d—— peasoup excuses, or promises," and, calling upon the hostler, a fat-blooded Englishman, he ordered him to stable the horse immediately, and keep a sharp "look out" to that Canuck Frenchman. en Various topics The Detroit Free Press Detroit, Mich. The Detroit Free Press Co. 1 June 1879 44 242 4 https://www.newspapers.com/article/detroit-free-press-canuck/149786968/ 3 1055-2758 664232261 It is well known that Canada, by the adoption of a protective tariff, shut out many of our American articles from the Canuck markets. en A Premium on It J[ohn] W[ilson] Bengough Grip. An Independent Journal of Humor and Caricature. XXVIII 10 Toronto, Ont. [Grip Print. & Pub. Co.] 5 March 1887 2 https://books.google.com/books?id=gms-AQAAMAAJ&pg=PP113 0702-3987 604715074 Well, what do you think of the Canuck elections? en w:The Globe and Mail Toronto, Ont. The Globe and Mail Inc. 2 February 1963 6 0319-0714 6155622 Any trend by the big brother to the south to tell Canadians how to run their affairs can raise Canuck dander very quickly. en ice hockey Of or relating to the Vancouver Canucks professional ice hockey team belonging to the National Hockey League. Usage notes Regarding en Canadian (“of, belonging to, or relating to Canada, its culture, or people”), see the usage note in the noun section above. Translations of, belonging to, or relating to Canada, its culture, or people Canadian of or relating to the Vancouver Canucks professional ice hockey team Finnish: fi Canucks-joukkueen Macedonian: mk References Further reading Jacob Adler; Mitford M. Mathews The Etymology of Canuck w:John Algeo American Speech: A Quarterly of Linguistic Usage New York, N.Y. Columbia University Press for the American Dialect Society spring–summer 1975 50 1–2 158–160 0003-1283 3087884 909434823. James Sledd What are We Going to Do about It Now that We’re Number One? w:John Algeo American Speech: A Quarterly of Linguistic Usage Tuscaloosa, Ala. University of Alabama Press for the American Dialect Society autumn 1978 53 3 171–198 0003-1283 3087884 909434823. Irving Lewis Allen Ethnic Ideology and Folk Etymologies The Language of Ethnic Conflict: Social Organization and Lexical Culture New York, N.Y.; Guildford, Surrey w:Columbia University Press 1983 128–129 https://archive.org/details/languageofethnic0000alle/page/128/mode/1up 978-0-231-05556-7. n w:William Safire Canucks Safire’s Political Dictionary revised New York, N.Y. w:Oxford University Press 2008 100 https://archive.org/details/safirespolitical0000safi/page/100/mode/1up 978-0-19-534334-2. en informal demonyms en Canada Nationalities