411 REFERENCE · Wiktionary
-는
Reference material by Wiktionary contributors. This retains its source identity and is not 411 news reporting.
는 -는-
Korean
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
Equivalent to ko okm - -ᄂᆞ -no present-tense suffix + -ㄴ -n realis gerundive suffix. The first element is now homophonous ko -는- in Modern Korean; see that entry for more.
Suffix
suffix
that is..., that [one] is..., -ing, etc.; suffix attached to the stem of verbs or the existential adjectives ko 있다 and ko 없다 to turn the clause into a dependent one in the present tense.
ko -은 past-tense -던 past-tense imperfect -을 future or irrealis
ko 읽-는 책 the book one is reading
ko 사-는 곳 the place where one lives
ko 동물원-에 있-는 호랑이 the tiger that is in a zoo
ko 떠나-는 사람-들 the people leaving
Usage notes
This suffix causes stem-final ko ㄹ to drop out.
Derived terms
ko -었는
Etymology 2
From ko okm - -는〮 -nún, -ᄂᆞᆫ〮 -nón, probably a reduplication of -은〮 -ún, ᄋᆞᆫ〮 -ón. See the main entry for more.
Particle
particle
ko -은 post-vowel allomorphic topic marker
Etymology 3
Possibly a contraction of ko -느냐.
Pronunciation
Suffix
suffix
ko -느냐 plain-style interrogative suffix Gyeonggi
ko -냐 -니
ko 1990 lw:ko:^미망 Illusions w:Park Wan-suh 너 무슨 소리-를 그렇게 허는? Why are you saying it like that? Gyeonggi dialect, Kaepoong. The novel Illusions, written by Park Wan-suh, who comes from Kaepoong county, takes place in the area during the first half of the 20th century. In the novel's dialogue, she often uses the traditional pre-war Kaesong dialect.
Usage notes
Appears to be most commonly used around the Kaesong region.
ko inflectional suffixes