Iron Curtain

iron curtain English 2025 March 5 thumb|alt=A map of Europe with the Iron Curtain, running through Central and Southern Europe|The Iron Curtain shown as a black line on a map of Europe Etymology en ine-pro *ǵʰer- enclose en h₁ésh₂r̥ 1 en ḱóm 1 A specialized use of en iron curtain figurative impenetrable barrier, probably partly a en de eiserner Vorhang 1 which was used in speeches in the 1940s that were translated into English.For example, de Hinter dem eisernen Vorhang Behind the Iron Curtain Signal Berlin Deutscher Verlag May 1943 9 2 0177-6096 939812197; de w:Joseph Goebbels Das Jahr 2000 The Year 2000 [anonymous] Das Reich https://web.archive.org/web/20240106062303/https://research.calvin.edu/german-propaganda-archive/goeb49.htm Berlin Deutscher Verlag 25 February 1945 1–2 0932-2868 870171790 If the German people lay down their weapons, the Soviets, according to the agreement between [Franklin Delano] Roosevelt, [Winston] Churchill, and [Joseph] Stalin, would occupy all of East and Southeast Europe along with the greater part of the Reich. An iron curtain would fall over this enormous territory controlled by the Soviet Union, behind which nations would be slaughtered. The English term appeared in telegrams from the British Prime Minister Winston Churchill (1874–1965) to the United States President Harry S. Truman (1884–1972) in 1945, before being popularized in a speech given by Churchill at Westminster College (Missouri) Westminster College in Fulton, Missouri, on March 5, 1946. Pronunciation en /ˌaɪən ˈkɜː.tən/ RP en /ˌaɪ(ə)ɹn ˈkɜɹ.tən/ GA en en-au-iron curtain.ogg AU en ɜː(ɹ)tən 4 en Iron Cur tain Proper noun Iron Curtain 1 en historical The dividing line between Western Europe and the Soviet-controlled regions, especially during the Cold War (1947–1991). from early 20th c. en Mrs. Philip Snowden [i.e., Ethel Snowden] Making Our Plans Through Bolshevik Russia London; New York, N.Y. Cassell and Company 1920 31 and 32 https://archive.org/details/throughbolshevik00snowuoft/page/32/mode/1up 893134 We liked the plain people of Russia wherever we met them. We were behind the "iron curtain" at last! en Court Schwerin von Krosigk [i.e., Lutz Graf Schwerin von Krosigk] New foreign minister broadcasts [anonymous] The Manchester Guardian Manchester Printed and published by John Russell Scott for the Manchester Guardian & Evening News,Ltd, at the Guardian Building, 3, Cross Street, Manchester, 2. 3 May 1945 30,757 5 https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-guardian-iron-curtain/147867207/ 6 265105754 In the east the iron curtain behind which, unseen by the eyes of the world, the work of destruction goes on, is moving steadily forward. en w:Winston Churchill No. 6: Leahy Papers: Telegram: Prime Minister Churchill to President [Harry S.] Truman Foreign Relations of the United States: Diplomatic Papers: The Conference of Berlin (The Potsdam Conference) 1945(In Two Volumes) 86th Congress, 1st Session, House Document no. 161, vol I; Department of State Publication; 7015 Washington, D.C. United States Government Printing Office 12 May 1945 1960 I paragraph 3 9 https://books.google.com/books?id=y88WAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA9 1201234480 An iron curtain is drawn down upon their Russia's front. We do not know what is going on behind. This is Churchill’s first recorded use of the term. en w:Winston Churchill The Sinews of Peace https://archive.org/details/Churchill2/page/n16/mode/1up Westminster College Bulletin: World Spotlight Turns on Westminster Fulton, Mo. Westminster College 5 March 1946 April 1946 series 46 1 1 16963093 From Stettin in the Baltic to Trieste in the Adriatic an iron curtain has descended across the Continent. en Talking of Trains: London–Paris in Four Hours Trains Illustrated London w:Ian Allan Publishing March 1960 134 0141-9935 35845948 Indeed, rail traffic of all kinds is developing through the Iron Curtain – for instance, last year a total of 6,445 wagons controlled by Interfrigo, the international company for refrigerated transport, passed between East and West; en w:Chiang Kai-shek President Chiang Kai-shek’s Message to the Mass Rally Supporting Captive Nations Week L. Y. Chen Free China Weekly Taipei, Taiwan Chung Hwa Information Service 1973 July 17 (date delivered) 22 July 1973 XIV 28 1 https://archive.org/details/sim_free-china-weekly_1973-07-22_14_28/mode/1up 1–2 0016-0318 1786626 Justice is giving ground to the forces of evil. These developments have confused the camp of freedom and abetted the growth of Communism. Even so, the fierce struggle for freedom of the people shut behind the Iron Curtain and the support for their emancipation provided by peace-loving people outside the Iron Curtain have never ceased despite the buffeting from waves of appeasement. en w:Tom Lantos Russia: Rebuilding the Iron Curtain: Hearing before the Committee on Foreign Affairs, House of Representatives, One Hundred Tenth Congress, First Session[...] Printed for the Use of the Committee on Foreign Affairs Serial No. 110-65 Washington, D.C. U.S. Government Printing Office 17 May 2007 3 https://books.google.com/books?id=ZCn372c0k3AC&pg=PA3 978-0-16-079119-2 Now, we are not in a new Cold War. We don't see the descending of a new Iron Curtain, but we have moved back very, very sharply in the wrong direction. We must work with the many Russian democrats still functioning in and out of government, in and out of Parliament, in and out of the business community, to make the dream of a Russian democracy become a reality. en Miklós Péti Samson: An Unlikely Hero of Socialism Timothy Mathews Paradise from behind the Iron Curtain: Reading, Translating and Staging Milton in Communist Hungary Literature and Translation London UCL Press 2022 68 https://books.google.com/books?id=aKd3EAAAQBAJ&pg=PA68 10.14324/111.9781787358539 978-1-78735-855-3 Christopher Hill, one of the Western critics whose works were cited and appreciated behind the Iron Curtain throughout the decades of state socialism. Coordinate terms en Bamboo Curtain silicon curtain Translations dividing line between Western Europe and the Soviet-controlled regions, especially during the Cold War Afrikaans: af Ystergordyn Albanian: sq Arabic: ar سِتَار حَدِيدِيّ m indefinite, ar السِتَار الحَدِيدِي m definite Armenian: hy երկաթե վարագույր Asturian: ast cortina de fierro f Azerbaijani: az dəmir pərdə Basque: eu Altzairuzko oihala Belarusian: be жале́зная засло́на f Breton: br rideoz houarn Bulgarian: bg желя́зна заве́са f Catalan: ca Teló d'Acer m Chinese: Mandarin: cmn 鐵幕 Czech: cs železná opona f Danish: da jerntæppe n Dutch: nl ijzeren gordijn n, nl IJzeren Gordijn n Esperanto: eo fera kurteno Estonian: et raudne eesriie Finnish: fi rautaesirippu French: fr rideau de fer m Frisian: West Frisian: fy Izeren Gerdyn ? Galician: gl pano de aceiro m Georgian: ka რკინის ფარდა German: de Eiserner Vorhang m, de eiserner Vorhang m Bavarian: bar Eiserner Vorhang m Greek: el σιδηρούν παραπέτασμα n Haitian Creole: ht rido fè Hebrew: he מָסַךְ הַבַּרְזֶל m Hindi: hi लौह पर्दा m Hungarian: hu vasfüggöny Icelandic: is járntjald n Ido: io fera kurteno Indonesian: id Tirai Besi Interlingua: ia cortina de ferro Italian: it cortina di ferro f Japanese: ja 鉄のカーテン てつのカーテン, tetsu no kāten Kazakh: kk темір перде Khmer: km វាំងននដែក Korean: ko 철-의 장막 Kyrgyz: ky темир көшөгө Latvian: lv dzelzs priekškars m Lithuanian: lt geležinė uždanga f Luxembourgish: lb Eisene Rideau Macedonian: mk железна завеса f Malay: ms Tirai Besi Malayalam: ml അയൺ കർട്ടൻ Maltese: mt Purtiera tal-Ħadid f Mongolian: Cyrillic: mn төмөр хөшиг Norwegian: Bokmål: nb jernteppe n, nb jernteppet n Nynorsk: nn jarnteppet n, nn jernteppet n Occitan: oc ridèl de fèrre Persian: fa پرده آهنین پردهٔ آهنین parde-ye âhanin Polish: pl żelazna kurtyna f Portuguese: pt Cortina de Ferro f Punjabi: Western Punjabi: pnb آہنی پردہ Romanian: ro cortină de fier f Russian: ru желе́зный за́навес m Scottish Gaelic: gd Cùirtear Iarainn m Serbo-Croatian: Cyrillic: sh гвоздена завеса f, sh железна завеса f, sh жељезна завјеса f Latin: sh gvozdena zavesa f, sh železna zavesa f, sh željezna zavjesa f Slovak: sk železná opona f Slovene: sl železna zavesa f Spanish: es Cortina de Hierro f, es Telón de Acero m Swedish: sv järnridå c Tagalog: tl Kortinang Bakal, tl Kurtinang Bakal Tajik: tg пардаи оҳанин Tamil: ta இரும்புத் திரை Thai: th ม่านเหล็ก Turkish: tr demir perde Turkmen: tk demir perde Ukrainian: uk залі́зна заві́са f Urdu: ur آہنی پردہ Uyghur: ug تۆمۈر پەردە Uzbek: uz temir parda Vietnamese: vi bức màn sắt Waray-Waray: war Puthaw nga Kurtina Welsh: cy Llen Haearn f Yiddish: yi אײַזערנער פֿירהאַנג m References Further reading Iron Curtain (disambiguation) Iron Curtain iron curtain n 9975259871 July 2023 n 1 en Cold War Communism Demarcation lines