411 REFERENCE · Wiktionary
Changkufeng
Reference material by Wiktionary contributors. This retains its source identity and is not 411 news reporting.
English
Etymology
From en cmn 張鼓峰 en cmn-wadegiles - romanization: Chang¹-ku³-fêng¹.
Proper noun
en Zhanggufeng.
en 1938 Alexander Kirk Foreign Relations of the United States, Diplomatic Papers, 1938, The Far East, Volume III United States Department of State Washington, D.C. 456 https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1938v03/d445 184. Embassy's telegram 181.9 Japanese Embassy here states that the incident was caused by some 40 soldiers undertaking military operations on July 11 within Manchurian territory at a point southeast of Vladivostock near Changkufeng. https://web.archive.org/web/20250930132718/https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1938v03/d445 30 September 2025
en August 6, 1938 The Tinder-Box Changkufeng The China Weekly Review 85 10 https://archive.org/details/millards-1938.08.06/ 52770868 310 https://archive.org/details/millards-1938.08.06/page/310/ 1 "After the Japanese detachment on July 29 was dislodged from the Bezymiannaya Hill which it has seized, the Japanese concentrated troops, up to one division isin strength, in front of the Zaozernaya (Changkufeng) Hill located in the Soviet territory). In the night of July 31, at three o'clock, Japanese troops under the cover of artillery fire, suddenly attacked the Soviet frontier patrol and pushed it back from the Zaozernaya Hill.
en 1938 October John Garnett Far Eastern "Incident" Soviet Russia Today 7 7 https://archive.org/details/sim_update-ussr_1938-10_7_7/ New York, N.Y. S. R. T. Publications, Inc. 633204005 17 https://archive.org/details/sim_update-ussr_1938-10_7_7/page/17/ 1 Attached to the map are the signatures and seals of the Chinese and Russian representatives who, on June 26, 1886, signed the so-called Hunchung Agreement, which clearly places the hill Zaozernaya (or Changkufeng) in Russian territory.
en 1960 Martin Blumenson The Soviet Power Play at Changkufeng World Politics 12 2 249–263 250 https://doi.org/10.2307/2009240 The immediate background of the Changkufeng incident was the growing hostility between Japan and Soviet Russia over the Japanese invasion of China-Manchuria in 1931.
en 1991 Viacheslav Molotov Viacheslav Molotov’s Speech Reflects Return to Revolutionary Rhetoric Capitalist Encirclement and Imminent Imperialist War. 8 November 1938 Alex G. Cummins Documents of Soviet History !8 (Road to War, 1938-1940) Gulf Breeze, Fla. Academic International Press 118 https://books.google.com/books?id=21MjAQAAIAAJ&q=Changkufeng 0-87569-272-9 Today we are exactly informed that the question of the robbery of Zaozernaia Hill (Changkufeng), that is, the whole question of the events in the Lake Khasan region, was actually not decided in Tokyo at all, but in another place, somewhere in Europe, probably in Berlin.
en 2020 The History of Artillery from 1918 up to June 1941 Military-Historical Museum of Artillery, Engineer and Signal Corps https://web.archive.org/web/20260609200624/https://museum-artillery.ru/en/main-exposition/the-history-of-artillery-from-1918-up-to-july-1941.html Saint Petersburg Japanese troops succeeded in capturing the main hills called Zaozernaia (Chinese name: Changkufeng) and Bezymiannaia (Chinese name: Shachaofeng). Units of the 40th Division of the Red Army came out to the Eastern slopes of the Zaozernaia Hill.