-iĉo

Appendix:Variations of "ico" Esperanto Etymology Derived by analogy with the masculine suffix eo -ĉjo -ĉj- and the feminine suffixes eo -njo -nj- and eo -ino. Pronunciation iĉo LL-Q143 (epo)-Lepticed7--iĉo.wav Suffix eo suffix eo neologism of masculine sexeo Wennergren Bertilo 2020-11-14 https://bertilow.com/pmeg/vortfarado/neoficialaj_afiksoj/sufiksoj/ich.html IĈ° Plena Manlibro de Esperanta Gramatiko 2021-03-18 Usage notes A controversial neologism that is not formally recognized, but increasingly tolerated. Derives the masculine form of a word, parallel to feminine eo -ino, for example: eo bovo a head of cattle → eo boviĉo bull / eo bovino cow The derived terms eo iĉo a male individual and eo iĉa male, masculine are more commonly used than the actual suffix itself. A widespread more traditional convention to designate male animals is to form compounds with vir- (from eo viro man), such as eo virbovo for bull, though this requires neologisms for man-animal chimeras, such as eo minotaŭro minotaur. To designate male members of a profession, it is common to use the adjective eo vira male, such as eo vira kelnero for a male waiter. Usage of the suffix -iĉo can be semantically divided depending on how one deals with traditionally male roots: Traditionally male roots are used in a gender-neutral way, changing the meanings of eo patro from “father” to “parent”, eo frato from “brother” to “sibling”, etc. To make their male equivalents, -iĉo is applied. (eo patriĉo for “father”, eo fratiĉo for “brother”, etc.) This approach was the most common among early adopters of the suffix, and is heavily criticized by a significant number of speakers as being a too drastic reform of the language. The suffix is used with traditionally male roots for purely stylistic symmetry with words that end in the feminine suffix eo -ino. (E.g. eo patriĉo and eo patrino for “father” and “mother”.) In this approach the form eo patriĉo is considered to be synonymous with the traditional eo patro father. The suffix is avoided with traditionally male roots, preserving their traditional meanings. It is only applied to root words that are not already explicitly male, e.g. eo junulo young person → eo junuliĉo young man and eo amiko friend → eo amikiĉo male friend. This approach has become most common as usage of the suffix has spread. Sometimes the third approach is combined with gender-neutral neologisms, such as eo parento parent and eo spozo spouse. Some authors, such as Jorge Camacho and Luiz Portella, have published books using this suffix. Synonyms eo vir- eo vira Antonyms eo -ino female Derived terms eo iĉuzo eo iĉuzismo eo iĉuzisto See also Gender reform in Esperanto eo References