411 REFERENCE · Wiktionary
Kristallnacht
Reference material by Wiktionary contributors. This retains its source identity and is not 411 news reporting.
English
Etymology
en de Kristallnacht crystal night night of broken glass.
Noun
en noun
en historical Nazism The night of November 9–10, 1938, when a state-organized night of terror was staged against Jews in Germany and Austria.
en Night of Broken Glass
en Alan E. Steinweis Kristallnacht 1938 2009 Harvard University Press 4 https://books.google.com/books?id=ZXm3Klg95s0C&pg=PA4&dq=%22Kristallnacht%22&hl=en&cd=6&source=gbs_api#v=onepage&q=%22Kristallnacht%22&f=false 978-0-674-03623-9 The Kristallnacht was a monumental development in Nazi anti-Jewish policy for several reasons. It was the single instance of large-scale, public, and organized physical violence against Jews inside Germany before the Second World War.
en Tom Perkins Progressive Kristallnacht Coming? w:Wall Street Journal 2014-01-24 https://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052702304549504579316913982034286.html 0099-9660 This is a very dangerous drift in our American thinking. Kristallnacht was unthinkable in 1930; is its descendant “progressive” radicalism unthinkable now? https://archive.ph/zLjrX 2016-03-14
en Martin Pengelly Schwarzenegger rebukes Trump and compares Capitol riot to Kristallnacht w:The Guardian 2021-01-10 https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2021/jan/10/capitol-riot-schwarzenegger-rebukes-trump-kristallnacht 0261-3077 Arnold Schwarzenegger issued a stinging rebuke of Donald Trump on Sunday, comparing the riot at the US Capitol which the president incited to Kristallnacht, the night in November 1938 when Nazi thugs attacked Jewish Germans and their property, a harbinger of horrors to come. https://web.archive.org/web/20210704173136/https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2021/jan/10/capitol-riot-schwarzenegger-rebukes-trump-kristallnacht
Translations
Catalan: ca nit dels vidres trencats f
Chinese:
Mandarin: cmn 水晶之夜, cmn 碎玻璃之夜
French: fr Nuit de Cristal f
German: de Kristallnacht f considered euphemistic, de Reichskristallnacht f, de Reichspogromnacht f
Hindi: hi क्रिस्टालनाख़्ट
Japanese: ja 水晶の夜 すいしょうのよる, Suishō no Yoru
Marathi: mr क्रिस्टालनाख्ट
Polish: pl noc kryształowa
Portuguese: pt Noite dos Cristais f
Russian: ru Ночь разбитых витрин f
Sorbian:
Lower Sorbian: dsb kristalna noc f
Upper Sorbian: hsb kristalna nóc
Spanish: es noche de los cristales rotos f, es Kristallnacht
Further reading
en Historical events History of Germany
German
Etymology
de :af Kristall<t:crystal> Nacht<t:night>
From de Kristall crystal Nacht night, alluding to the crystals of broken glass from the destroyed shop and synagogue windows.
Pronunciation
de /kʁɪsˈtalˌnaxt/
de De-Kristallnacht.ogg <<Germany>> (<<Berlin>>)
Noun
f,^e[rare]
de historical euphemism Nazism en Kristallnacht state-organized night of terror staged against Jews
de Reichskristallnacht Reichspogromnacht
Usage notes
This term was widely used in West Germany prior to the 1980s, when it began to be regarded as a euphemism by many. The predominant term in modern German academic literature is de Novemberpogrome November pogroms. Additionally, de Reichspogromnacht Reich pogrom night or the chiefly East German de faschistische Pogromnacht fascist pogrom night can also be used instead.
Declension
f,^e[rare]
Descendants
pl noc kryształowa 1
See also
de Schicksalstag
de Nacht der langen Messer
Further reading
Novemberpogrome 1938 de
de Historical events History of Germany