411 REFERENCE · Wiktionary
Ní
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Appendix:Variations of "ni"
Irish
Etymology
Contracted from ga iníon uí daughter of the descendant of.
Pronunciation
ga [nʲiː]
Noun
ga noun
A prefix used with a woman's maiden surname
Deirdre Ní Cheallaigh – literally "Deirdre, daughter of a descendant of Ceallach" (anglicized form Deirdre Kelly)
Usage notes
This prefix replaces the prefix ga ó Ó found in male surnames, and triggers lenition of a following consonant. Ní is used by unmarried women, and by married women who have kept their maiden name. Thus Deirdre Ní Cheallaigh's father and brothers would use the surname Ó Ceallaigh.
Related terms
ga ó Ó used in male names
ga bean Uí, ga Uí used with a woman's married name
ga Nic used in place of the male Mac prefix