411 REFERENCE · Wiktionary
December
Reference material by Wiktionary contributors. This retains its source identity and is not 411 news reporting.
december
English
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right
260
Humenné - Námestie slobody - The central square, decorative model thatched cottage with Christmas season decorations (December 2024) 01.jpg
The central square of Old Town, Bratislava, featuring a decorative model thatched cottage with Christmas season decorations (December 2024)
Ramstein starts holiday season with tree lighting (8151932).jpg
A tree lighting ceremony at Ramstein Air Base, Germany to commemorate the holiday season. Attendees are wearing winter clothing.
Alternative forms
en Dec. Dec DEC Dc abbreviation
en Decembre obsolete
Etymology
en :inh enm:December<ety:bor<fro:decembre>> 1
From en enm December, enm Decembre, from en fro decembre, from en la december tenth month, from en la decem ten; + en la -ber, from la -bris, an adjectival suffix; December was the tenth month in the Roman calendar.
Pronunciation
en /dɪˈsɛmbə/ RP
dĭ-sĕmʹbər US, en /dɪˈsɛm.bɚ/
en en-us-December.ogg US
en /ɖɪˈsɛmbə(r)/ /ɖɪsəmˈbɜ(r)/ Indic
en /dɪˈzɛmbə/<a:many speakers in Singapore><ref:0-521-28541-0 J. C. Wells Accents of English: Beyond the British Isles Cambridge University Press 1982 646 3> /dɪˈzɛmbər/<a:some speakers in Western Scotland>
en ɛmbə(ɹ) 3
Proper noun
s
en Q126The twelfth and last month of the Gregorian calendar, following November and preceding the January of the following year, containing the southern solstice.
en Dec<id:Q126> Dec.<id:Q126> DEC<id:Q126> 10ber<id:Q126> mul:12<id:Q126>
en Yulemonth<qq:religious or archaic> Twelfth Month Quakerism
en calendar year<id:Q3186692> ; year<id:Q577>
en January<id:Q108> February<id:Q109> March<id:Q110> April<id:Q118> May<id:Q119> June<id:Q120> July<id:Q121> August<id:Q122> September<id:Q123> October<id:Q124> November<id:Q125>
[A3] 12 Old Oakes doe not eaſily fall: / Decembers cold hand combes my head and beard, / But May ſvvimmes in my blood; and he that vvalkes / VVithout his vvooden third legge, is never old.
en Richard Collett He ran out of countries to visit, so he created his own w:CNN https://www.cnn.com/2023/06/08/travel/slowjamastan-micronation 2023-06-08 Wearing his best suit and sunglasses, the sultan of Slowjamastan officially declared independence from the United States of America at 12:26 p.m. on December 1, 2021 as he broadcast the secession live from his open-air government “office” in Dublândia, the capital of the Republic of Slowjamastan. https://web.archive.org/web/20260516010746/https://www.cnn.com/2023/06/08/travel/slowjamastan-micronation 16 May 2026
en Kamala Thiagarajan If you're going to be kind to another human, today is the day to do it! 2025-11-13 https://www.npr.org/sections/goats-and-soda/2025/11/13/g-s1-97432/world-kindness-day-kind-compassion-empathy NPR It was sparked by reports of an outbreak of kindness on a cold December morning in 2012. https://web.archive.org/web/20260828172838/https://www.npr.org/sections/goats-and-soda/2025/11/13/g-s1-97432/world-kindness-day-kind-compassion-empathy 28 August 2026
en rare en female month names < English.
en 2017 Rebecca Tuhus-Dubrow Personal Stereo 1501322834 45 But others were less than thrilled with this new gizmo, particularly its addictive qualities. There were reports of breakups threatened and consummated over it. “Our marriage or your Sony,” one woman told her husband, who duly sold the Walkman to a bachelor friend. A young woman named December Cole, a sales executive at a beauty magazine, recalled a trip to Atlantic City with "a basically rude" man who wouldn't stop "bopping around to his own music."
en.
Hyponyms
en mid-December
Derived terms
en December bride Decemberish Decemberist Decemberly Decembery Decembral Decembrism Decembrist Destroy Dick December May-December
Related terms
en December effect December Murders December Revolution Decembrist Revolt December Uprising May and December
Descendants
bi desemba
pih Disemba
tpi Desemba
bn ডিসেম্বর 1
my ဒီဇင်ဘာ 1
ny Disembala 1
cho Tisimba 1
prs دسمبر desembar 1
dv ޑިސެމްބަރު 1
ha Disamba 1
haw Kēkēmapa 1
hi दिसंबर 1
ms Disember 1
mi Tīhema 1
mr डिसेंबर 1
mkj dihjempe 1
sm Tesema 1
sw 1 Desemba Disemba
tkl Tēhema 1
Translations
twelfth month of the Gregorian calendar
Abaza: abq декабрь
Abkhaz: ab ԥхынҷкәын
Afrikaans: af Desember
Akan: ak Ɔpɛnimma
Alabama: akz hasiholtina istapókkòolawah tóklo, akz hasiholtina istanóoka
Albanian: sq dhjetor m, sq dimëror m, sq shënëndre m
Aleut: ale Dikaabrax̂
Alutiiq: ems Qanim Iralua
Amharic: am ዲሴምበር
Apache:
Western Apache: apw Zas Nłtʼees
Arabic: ar دِيسِمْبِر disimbir m, ar دِيسَمْبِر disambir m, ar كَانُون الْأَوَّل m
Aragonese: an aviento m
Aramaic:
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: aii ܟܵܢܘܿܢ ܩܲܕ݇ܡܵܝܵܐ m kanon qāmaya
Armenian: hy դեկտեմբեր
Old Armenian: xcl դեկտեմբեր
Aromanian: rup andreu, rup dechemvriu
Asturian: ast avientu m, ast diciembre
Azerbaijani: az dekabr
Basque: eu abendu
Belarusian: be сне́жань m, Taraškievica be сьне́жань m
Bengali: bn ডিসেম্বর
Bikol:
Central Bikol: bcl Disyembre
Bislama: bi desemba
Breton: br Kerzu, br miz Kerzu
Bulgarian: bg деке́мври m
Burmese: my ဒီဇင်ဘာ, my ဆယ့်နှစ်လ
Catalan: ca desembre m
Chechen: ce Гӏуран-бутт
Cherokee: chr ᎥᏍᎩᏱ
Chichewa: ny Disembala
Chinese:
Cantonese: yue 十二月 sap6 ji6 jyut6
Dungan: dng лайүә, dng шыэрйүә
Hakka: hak 十二月 sṳ̍p-ngi-ngie̍t
Hokkien: nan-hbl 十二月 cha̍p-jī-go̍eh, cha̍p-jī-ge̍h, cha̍p-jī-gōe, cha̍p-lī-go̍eh, cha̍p-lī-ge̍h, cha̍p-lī-gōe
Mandarin: cmn 十二月 shí'èryuè
Choctaw: cho Tisimba
Chukchi: ckt атъылёкэ atʺyljokė, ckt атъыԓёкэ atʺyḷjokė, ckt ӄууԓьетйъиԓгын quuḷʹetjʺiḷgyn
Chuvash: cv раштав
Circassian:
West Circassian: ady Тыгъэгъаз
Coptic: cop ⲇⲉⲕⲉⲙⲃⲣⲓⲟⲥ
Cornish: kw Kevardhu m
Corsican: co dicembre m, co dicembri m
Cree:
Atikamekw: atj Pitcipipon pisimw
Montagnais: moe pishimuss
Czech: cs prosinec m
Dakota: dak Wiiakenoŋpa
Danish: da december c
Dhivehi: dv ޑިސެމްބަރު
Dusun:
Central Dusun: dtp Momuhau
Dutch: nl december m
Old Dutch: odt heilmānoth
Dzongkha: dz སྤྱི་ཟླ་བཅུ་གཉིས་པ།
Emilian: egl dṡàmmber m
Erzya: myv ацамков
Esperanto: eo decembro, eo Decembro
Estonian: et detsember
Ewe: ee Dzome, ee Dezember
Faroese: fo desember m, fo desembur m
Fijian: fj Tiseba
Finnish: fi joulukuu
Franco-Provençal: frp dècembro
French: fr décembre m
Frisian:
North Frisian:
Föhr-Amrum: frr deetsember m
Mooring: frr jülmoune m, frr detsämber m
Saterland Frisian: stq Dezember
West Frisian: fy desimber, fy wintermoanne
Friulian: fur Dicembar m, fur Disembar m
Galician: gl decembro m, gl nadal m
Georgian: ka დეკემბერი
German: de Dezember m, de Julmond m
Alemannic German: gsw Dezember m
Gilbertese: gil Ritembwa
Greek: el Δεκέμβριος m, el Δεκέμβρης m
Greenlandic: kl decembari
Guarani:
Paraguayan Guarani: gug jasypakõi
Guianese Creole: gcr désanm
Haitian Creole: ht desanm
Hausa: ha Disamba
Hawaiian: haw Kēkēmapa
Hebrew: he דצמבר m detsémber דֶּצֶמְבֶּר
Hindi: hi दिसम्बर m
Hungarian: hu december
Icelandic: is desember m, is desembermánuður m
Ido: io decembro
Ilocano: ilo Disiembre
Indonesian: id Desember
Ingrian: izh dekabri, izh talvikuu obsolete
Interlingua: ia decembre
Inuktitut: iu ᑎᓯᒻᐳᕆ
Inupiaq: ik Uyaliġvik, ik Siqiñġiḷaq
Irish: ga Mí na Nollag m
Italian: it dicembre m
Jamaican Creole: jam Disemba
Japanese: ja 十二月 じゅうにがつ, jūnigatsu, ja 師走 しわす, shiwasu
Javanese: jv Dhésèmber, jv Désèmber
Kabuverdianu: kea Dezembru Badiu, kea D'zembr' São Vicente, kea dizenbru
Kalmyk: xal барс сар, xal бар сар
Kambera: xbr wulang hakambulu dàmbu
Kapampangan: pam kalabin-aduang búlan, pam Désiembiri
Kazakh: kk желтоқсан
Khmer: km ធ្នូ
Kikuyu: ki Gatumu
Kongo: kg desembele
Korean: ko 십이월(十二月)
Kurdish:
Central Kurdish: ckb کانوونی یەکەم
Kyrgyz: ky декабрь
Ladin: lld dezember
Lakota: lkt Tȟahékapšuŋ wí, lkt Waníčhoka wí
Lao: lo ເດືອນທັນວາ
Latin: la december
Latvian: lv decembris m
Lezgi: lez фандукӏ
Limburgish: li December m
Lingala: ln dɛsɛ́mbɛ
Lithuanian: lt gruodis m
Livonian: liv detsembõr
Low German:
Dutch Low Saxon: nds-nl december
German Low German: nds-de Dezember m, nds-de Juulmaand m
Luxembourgish: lb Dezember m, lb Chrëschtmount m
Maasai: mas ɨn-tʉŋʉ́s
Macedonian: mk деке́мври m
Malay: ms Disember
Malayalam: ml ഡിസംബർ
Maltese: mt Diċembru m
Manchu: mnc ᠵᠣᡵᡤᠣᠨ ᠪᡳᠶᠠ jorgon biya, mnc ᠵᠣᡵᡥᠣᠨ ᠪᡳᠶᠠ
Manx: gv Mee ny Nollick
Māori: mi Tīhema
Marathi: mr डिसेंबर
Mingrelian: xmf ქირსეთუთა
Mirandese: mwl Dezembre m
Mòcheno: mhn schantònderer m
Mongolian:
Cyrillic: mn арван хоёрдугаар сар
Navajo: nv Níłchʼitsoh
Neapolitan: nap deciémbro, nap dicèmbre
Niuean: niu Tesemo
Northern Sotho: nso Manthole
Norwegian:
Bokmål: nb desember m
Nynorsk: nn desember m
Occitan: oc decembre m
Odia: or ଡିସେମ୍ବର
Ojibwe: oj manidoo-giizisoons
Old Church Slavonic:
Cyrillic: cu стоуденъ m
Old English: ang ǣrra ġēola m, ang December
Oromo: om Muddee
Ossetian: os декабрь
Pannonian Rusyn: rsk децембер m
Pashto: ps سامبر m disãmbar, ps دسمبر m desambar
Pennsylvania German: pdc Dezember, pdc Grischtmonet, pdc Grischtmunet
Persian: fa دسامبر desâmbr, fa دسمبر disimbar Dari
Dari: prs دِسِمْبَر
Iranian Persian: fa-ira دِسامْبْر
Plautdietsch: pdt Dezamba m
Polabian: pox ardĕmond m
Polish: pl grudzień m-in
Portuguese: pt dezembro m
Punjabi: pa ਦਸੰਬਰ m
Romagnol: rgn dizèmbar m, rgn dezémbar m
Romanian: ro decembrie, pop ro undrea
Romansh: rm december m, rm dezember m, rm schember m
Russian: ru дека́брь m
Sami:
Kildin Sami: sjd та̄лльвма̄нн, sjd коаммыййма̄нн
Skolt Sami: sms rosttovmään
Samoan: sm Tesema
Sardinian:
Campidanese: sc nadali m, sc nadabi, sc mesi de paschixèdda m
Logudorese: sc nadàle m, sc mese de ’idas m, sc meseidas
Scots: sco December
Scottish Gaelic: gd Dùbhlachd f
Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic: sh дѐце̄мбар m, sh про̀синац m Croatia
Latin: sh dècēmbar m, sh pròsinac m Croatia
Shona: sn Zvita
Sicilian: scn dicèmmiru m, scn decèmmiru m, scn dicembri m
Sinhalese: si දෙසැම්බර්
Slovak: sk december m
Slovene: sl decêmber m
Sotho: st Tshitwe
Southern Altai: alt декабрь
Spanish: es diciembre m
Sundanese: su Désémber
Swahili: sw Desemba
Swazi: ss íNgongóni
Swedish: sv december c
Tagalog: tl Disyembre
Tahitian: ty tītema
Tajik: tg декабр
Tamil: ta டிசம்பர்
Tatar: tt декабрь
Telugu: te డిసెంబరు
Tetum: tet dezembru
Thai: th ธันวาคม
Tok Pisin: tpi disemba
Tongan: to Tisema
Turkish: tr aralık, tr kânunuevvel archaic, tr yeldoksan
Ottoman Turkish: ota آرالق aralık
Turkmen: tk dekabr
Udmurt: udm толсур
Ukrainian: uk гру́день m
Ulithian: uli Dumwur
Urdu: ur دِسَمْبَر m
Uyghur: ug دېكابىر, ug دېكابر, ug ئون ئىككىنچى ئاي
Uzbek: uz dekabr
Venetan: vec disenbre
Veps: vep talʹvku
Vietnamese: vi tháng Mười hai, vi tháng Mười Hai, vi tháng mười hai
Volapük: vo dekul
Võro: vro joulukuu
Walloon: wa decimbe
Welsh: cy Rhagfyr m
Winnebago: win Caa hee wakšų wiira
Wolaytta: wal Duubbalaa
Wolof: wo Disembar
Yakut: sah Ахсынньы
Yiddish: yi דעצעמבער m
Yup'ik: esu Uivik
Zazaki: zza Gağan, zza Gağane, zza Kanun
Zulu: zu uZibandlela, zu uDisemba
Zuni: zun Ik'ohbu Yachunne
Statistics
According to the 2010 United States Census, December is the 97210th most common surname in the United States, belonging to 187 individuals. December is most common among White (57.22%) and Black/African American (32.09%) individuals.
See also
en Undecimber
References
Further reading
december
Anagrams
en bcdeeemr Decembre
en Months Ten
Latin
Alternative forms
la december alternative case form
la Decembrius Medieval Latin
Etymology
la decem<id:ten>
la, perhaps by haplologyla 1 of earlier la *deke(m)-mēmbris of or pertaining to the tenth month, from la *deke(m)-mēnzris, from la decem ten + la *mēnzris, from la *mēnzlis, from itc-pro *mēns month *-elis<alt:*-lis> 1; see la decem, and la mēnsis. In the Roman calendar, the year began with la Mārtius March, and December was the tenth month of the year.
Pronunciation
Adjective
December<3+> 1
of en December
59 - 17 — Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita, Book XXII
postremo Decembri iam mense ad aedem Saturni Romae immolatum est.
finally in the middle of the month of December there was a sacrifice at the Temple of Saturn.
Usage notes
Declension
December<3+> Decembrēs/Decembrīs Decembrēs/Decembrīs 1
In New Latin, the ablative singular can also be found as la Decembre.
Proper noun
December<3> m
la twelfth month en December
la December mensis
1283 — Tomazina de Savere, published in Josip Lučić (1984) Spisi Dubrovačke Kancelarije, Knjiga II, page 310.
la Die tercio decembris — On the third day of December
Declension
December<3.abl-i>
Descendants
Italo-Dalmatian
co dicembre 1
it dicembre
egl dicèmber 1
lij dixénbre 1
lmo dicember 1
nap deciémbro dicèmbre
roa-tar decèmmre
scn dicèmmiru 1
mt Diċembru 1
Padanian:
egl dṡàmmber dzèmbar gèmbar giämbar
fur dicembar
lld dezember
lij dexénbre
lmo dezèmber dezèmbre
pms dzèmber dzèmbri zèmbr gèmbr
rgn dizèmbar dissèmbre dissèmbar
rm dezember schember 1
vec disenbre
Southern Gallo-Romance:
an diciembre
oc decembre
oc-gas deceme
roa-oca decembre dehembre deembre
ca desembre Influenced by ca desè
Ibero-Romance:
roa-ole
ast diciembre
ext diziembri
mwl dezembre
osp deziembre diziembre
lad disiembre dizyembre
es diciembre
la-vul *decembriu 1
Northern Gallo-Romance:
frp dècembro
Ibero-Romance:
roa-opt dezembro
Borrowings
1 grc-koi Δεκέμβριος
1 gmh december
1 xcl դեկտեմբեր
1 fro decembre
1 ro decembrie
1 sq dhjetor calque
1 cim sègante maanont calque
Unsorted borrowings
These borrowings are ultimately but perhaps not directly from Latin. They are organized into geographical and language family groups, not by etymology.
Africa
Northern and Horn
am ዲሴምበር
kab dujember
so Diseembar
Subsaharan
ee Dezember
ig Disemba
kg desembele
ln dɛsɛ́mbɛ
mg Desambra
tum disembala
wo Disembar
Americas
kl decembari
iu ᑎᓯᒻᐳᕆ
Asia and Oceania
Central and Western Asia
ar دِيسَمْبَر
ka დეკემბერი
he דצמבר (detzémber)
South Asia
gu ડિસેમ્બર
kn ಡಿಸೆಂಬರ್
or ଡିସେମ୍ବର
ps سامبر disãmbar دسمبر desambar
si දෙසැම්බර්
ta டிசம்பர்
te డిసెంబరు
Southeast Asia and Oceania
ban Désémber
bjn Disimbir
fj Tiseba
gil Ritembwa
gor Desember
jv Dhésèmber
min Desember
sm tesema
su Désémber
ty tītema
Europe
hu december
Baltic
lv decembris
liv detsembõr
Germanic
da december
nl december
nds-nl december
fo desember
nds-de Dezember
is desember
ksh Dezemmber Dezämber Dezämmbo
li dieëtsember desember
frr deetsember detsämber
no - nb desember
stq Dezember
sv december
vls december
fy desimber
Slavic
bg декември
dsb december
mk декември
rue децембер
sh decembar / sh децембар
sk december
sl december
hsb december
See also
Roman calendar
References
la haplological words
la Months
Old English
Pronunciation
December
Proper noun
m
en December
Synonyms
ang ǣrra ġēola
See also
References
December 007514
ang Months
Scots
Proper noun
sco Dezember