-기-

기 -기 Korean Etymology From ko okm - -기〮- -kí- causative/passive-deriving suffix. Beyond Middle Korean, the causative is the original meaning as attested in Old Korean, and the passive is a later development from the causative, first attested in the written language some time between the thirteenth and fifteenth centuries.Vovin Alexander Alexander Vovin Koreo-Japonica: A Re-evaluation of a Genetic Origin University of Hawaii Press 2010 978-0-8248-3278-0 6ko:고대국어의 파생접미사 연구 A study of Old Korean derivational suffixes ko:장윤희 Gugyeol yeon'gu 47 2006 91—144 Suffix A verbal suffix deriving the stems of causative verbs, particularly but not exclusively attaching to verb or adjective stems which end in ko ㅁ, ko ㄴ, or ko ㅅ. No longer productive. ko -이- -히- -리- -우- -구- -추- ko 신다 -기- 신기다 to wear (shoes) to make someone wear shoes ko 남다 -기- 남기다 to remain to leave behind ko 웃다 -기- 웃기다 to laugh to be funny ko 맡다 -기- 맡기다 to take charge of to assign A verbal suffix deriving the stems of passive verbs, particularly but not exclusively attaching to verb or adjective stems which end in ko ㅁ, ko ㄴ, or ko ㅅ. No longer productive. ko -이- -히- -리- ko 안다 -기- 안기다 to hug to be hugged ko 믿다 -기- 믿기다 to believe to be believable ko 빼앗다 -기- 빼앗기다 to rob, to take away from to be dispossessed Usage notes Although still very common in Korean, the causative/passive suffixes are no longer productive for forming new verbs. Verbs that do not already have a morphological causative or passive must employ auxiliaries: ko -게 하다 for causatives ko -어지다 for passives The causative/passive suffixes ko -이-, ko -히-, ko -리-, and ko -기- all stem from the same etymon, and are fairly complementary in distribution. ko -기- tends to attaches to verb stems which end in a nasal or a sibilant, although there are several prominent exceptions. References