R

Appendix:Variations of "r" Ｒ 𜳧 Translingual R<dab!> Alternative forms mul Ꝛ archaic rare Etymology From the mul ett - letter ett 𐌓 er, from the mul grc - letter grc Ρ rho, derived from the mul phn - letter phn 𐤓 reš, from the mul egy - hieroglyph egy 𓁶. Letter mul mul letter 18 See also Symbol en ronna-. mul currency symbol Rand, national currency of South Africa. mul metrology Roentgen. mul physics Resistance in electricity. mul organic chemistry An unspecified radical, usually containing a carbon atom that binds to the structure of interest. mul Alcohols have the generic formula ROH. mul genetics IUPAC 1-letter abbreviation for any purine. mul amino acid IUPAC 1-letter abbreviation for arginine. mul linguistics A wildcard for a rhotic consonant or a resonant (sonorant). mul S<t:sonorant> mul linguistics A wildcard for a rhotic archiphoneme, such as the conflation of /r/ and /ɾ/ in certain positions in Spanish. mul linguistics Rising tone. mul LH<q:more common> ; LM<q:more specific> MH 1 1 a bond is extremely speculative and possibly in default, with some prospect of debt recovery The symbol in bases higher than twenty-seven for the number expressed as mul 27 in decimal. Derived terms mul organic chemistry R-12 R-22 R-23 Gallery See also R Romeo ·–· ⠗ English R<dab!> Etymology 1 From the en ett - letter ett 𐌓 er, from the en grc - letter grc Ρ rho, derived from the en phn - letter phn 𐤓 reš, from the en egy - hieroglyph egy 𓁶. Pronunciation Name of letter en /ɑː/ RP en En-uk-r.ogg UK är GenAm, en /ɑɹ/ en En-us-r.ogg US en /ɔːɹ/ /aːɹ/ Ireland en /ˈɑɹə/ AAVE en ɑː(ɹ) 1 en ah or oar ore are our hour in various accents Letter en en letter 18 ar Derived terms en letter R-coloured vowel vocalic R en in abbreviations R-bomb R-CPD R number R-rated See also Number en en ordinal 18 ar Etymology 2 en 1Abbreviations. thumb|"Elizabeth R" (en monarch initial), hand of Elizabeth II Noun en noun en Q2203464 Symbol for en reverse Q2203464 gear setting. en P<id:Q135447198> R<id:Q2203464> N<id:Q135447128> D<id:Q135447265> second gear<alt:2> first gear<alt:1> en Q173817 en geometry Symbol for en radius Q173817. en D<id:Q37221><gloss:diameter> en US politics en Republican especially preceding the constituent location. en D Democrat en R-Texas en monarch initial en monarchy en Rex<t:King>,Regina<t:Queen> the initial by which a British monarch signs documents after his or her name. en R. en law The Crown, the government of a monarchy. en The English case of R v R R v R [1992] AC 599 ruled that rape can be committed by a husband against his wife. en handbells en ring. en chess en rook. en 2023 Laws of Chess https://rcc.fide.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/20230101Laws-of-Chess.pdf 2022 23 w:FIDE 1.e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. d4 exd4 4. e5 Ne4 5. Qxd4 d5 6. exd6 e.p. Nxd6 7. Bg5 Nc6 8. Qe3+ Be7 9. Nbd2 0-0 10. 0-0-0 Re8 11. Kb1 (=) https://web.archive.org/web/20250316122506/https://rcc.fide.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/20230101Laws-of-Chess.pdf 16 March 2025 12 June 2025 en GM Noël Studer Mastering Chess Puzzles: The Comprehensive Guide to Effective Problem Solving Next Level Chess https://nextlevelchess.com/mastering-chess-puzzles-comprehensive-guide-to-effective-problem-solving/ 2023-08-12 The correct answer is 1.Rxf6 Rxf6 2.Rf1 Raf8 3.Qg5 Kg7 4.Nh5+Other sub-variations work, such as playing 2.Qg5 then 3.Rf1 or playing 4.Bxf6+ first before playing 5.Nh5+. https://web.archive.org/web/20260306072510/https://nextlevelchess.com/mastering-chess-puzzles-comprehensive-guide-to-effective-problem-solving/ 6 March 2026 en baseball cricket en run<alt:run(s)>; the statistic reporting the number of runs scored by a player. en especially in university catalogs en Thursday. en 1986 Cornell University Courses of Study http://books.google.com/books?id=uRRJAAAAYAAJ 250 Lecs, T R 9:05; lab, M T W R or F 1:25—4:25, or M or W 7:30—10:30 p.m. en 2000 August M.W. Carter A Comprehensive Course Timetabling and Student Scheduling System at the University of Waterloo Edmund Burke; Wilhelm Erben Practice and Theory of Automated Timetabling III Springer 2001 978-3-540-42421-5 http://books.google.com/books?id=CNbs80FsQx4C&pg=PA66&dq=tr 66 8:30 MWF (3 x 1 hour) 8:30-10 TR (2 x 1.5 hours) 2007, W. Ted Mahavier, “Syllabus for Analysis” (Lamar University course syllabus), appendix II.A of Charles A. Coppin et al., The Moore Method: A Pathway to Learner-Centered Instruction, Mathematical Association of America (2009), 978-0-88385-185-2, page 201: Office Hours: MTWRF: 9:00–11:00, 1:30–3:00 or stop by my office anytime. en Philippines en region in the sense of the regions of the Philippines. en rhythmic gymnastics en rotation. Derived terms en monarch initial CIIIR//CRIII CR EIIR//ER EVIIR GVR//GVIR VIR//VR//VRI Adjective en adjective en film _ certification en restricted. en reverse. en right as opposed to left. Proper noun ? en religion en redactor Redactor(s) _in the context of the documentary hypothesis, referring to a compiler and editor of the Torah. en Shadow on the steps David Ringo Miano w:UC San Diego dissertation 2006 https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8q86391z https://web.archive.org/web/20230120185059id_/https://escholarship.org/content/qt8q86391z/qt8q86391z.pdf#page=16 5 One needs to be careful, however, to distinguish between original P and the work of the later priestly Redactor (R), who edited P and other documents in the postexilic period. en programming language A programming language for statistics and data visualization. Etymology 3 See en I. Pronoun en pronouns en non-standard informal England en I. Afar Letter aa aa letter 12 See also Afrikaans Pronunciation letter name af /ɛr/ Letter af af letter 18 See also Noun R'e R'etjie R Azerbaijani Pronunciation phoneme az [ɾ] [ɾ̞] letter name az [eɾ̞] [ɾ̞eː] [ɾ̞ɯː] Letter az az letter 24 See also Basque Pronunciation raw:/r/<q:phoneme>,raw:/ɾ/ Letter eu eu letter 19 erre See also Further reading Catalan Pronunciation érra érre,érr Letter ca ca letter 18 erra erre er See also Central Franconian Etymology /ʀ/ is from West Germanic gmw-pro *r. In most dialects it is vowelised in two cases: (1.) between a short vowel and an alveolar, (2.) after a long vowel. Especially in the former case it may also be lost entirely. Pronunciation gmw-cfr /ʀ/ /ə̯/ Letter gmw-cfr gmw-cfr letter German-based gmw-cfr letter Dutch-based Usage notes 2 Doubling of R In the German-based spelling, r is doubled after short vowels except in certain function words and when the letter is followed by another consonant within the word stem. In the Dutch-based spelling, r is doubled after short vowels if the syllable were otherwise open. Central Mazahua Pronunciation maz /r/ Letter maz maz letter See also Chinese Etymology 1 Pronunciation ngaau1,aau1 v Verb zh verb zh Cantonese zh 𢯎 Etymology 2 Pronunciation 1 àr,à'er aa1 lou4,aau1,aau1 lou4,aa1 aa1 - Used by non-rhotic proficient speakers of English, mostly in Hong Kong xm:a a5 sh:1a letters Letter zh zh letter 18 the Latin alphabet as used in Chinese Pronunciation 2 rī,ār,1nb=common,2nb=official letters Letter zh zh letter 18 Pinyin Usage notes Etymology 3 Proper noun zh proper noun zh internet slang Renminbi Dutch Pronunciation letter name nl /ɛr/ nl Nl-R.ogg Letter nl nl letter 18 Q S Esperanto Pronunciation See eo r. Letter eo eo letter 21 ro See also Further reading r ro Estonian et: Letter et et letter 18 err See also Finnish Etymology Letter fi fi letter 18 är er See also French Pronunciation fr LL-Q150 (fra)-Benoît Prieur-R.wav <<France>> (<<Saint-Maurice-de-Beynost>>) fr LL-Q150 (fra)-LoquaxFR-R.wav <<France>> (<<Vosges>>) Letter fr fr letter 18 Noun fr noun fr chess fr roi king fr Les règles du jeu d’échecs 2023 https://rcc.fide.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Reglesdujeu2023.pdf 2023-04 17 w:FIDE 1.e4 e5 2.Cf3 Cf6 3.d4 exd4 4.e5 Ce4 5.Dxd4 d5 6.exd6e.p. Cxd6 7. Fg5 Cc6 8.De3+ Fe7 9.Cbd2 0-0 10.0-0-0 Te8 11.Rb1 (=) https://web.archive.org/web/20240426083906/https://rcc.fide.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Reglesdujeu2023.pdf 26 April 2024 14 June 2025 See also German Pronunciation letter name de /ɛr/ [ʔɛʁ] [ʔɛɐ̯] phoneme de /r/ [ʁ] [ɾ] [ɐ̯] [ː] de De-R.OGG de De-R2.ogg <<Germany>> (<<Berlin>>) de De-R744.ogg Germany Letter de de letter 18 Usage notes The letter R has a variety of possible realisations in contemporary German. Three positions must be distinguished: Before vowels, the variation is mostly between a uvular consonant (fricative, approximant, or rarely trill) and an alveolar consonant (trill, flap, or rarely approximant). In northern, central, and south-western Germany, the alveolar pronunciation is now rare and chiefly restricted to the elderly generation of some areas. In south-eastern Germany, Austria, Switzerland, and South Tyrol, it remains more common; but even in these regions the uvular R is gaining ground and is already strongly predominant in some parts (e.g. Vienna). Word-finally and before consonants, most accents may vowelise R to [ɐ̯]~[ə̯], but in different ways. Vowelisation is commonest after long vowels and /ə/, where it is also prescribed in the broadcasting standard. A majority of speakers, however, vowelise R after short vowels, too. The resulting diphthongs may be contracted and length distinctions before vowelised R may be lost. The degree to which this happens differs regionally and idiolectally. Before the syllable de -en /ən/, many speakers also vowelise R, though this is commonest in fast or casual speech, and consonantal realisations may be retained depending on the rhythm of the phrase as well as the formality of the context. Related terms de Zäpfchen-R, de Zäpfchen-r de Zungenspitzen-R, de Zungenspitzen-r See also Noun n,-,-:s en R Declension n,-,-:s Further reading Hungarian Pronunciation phoneme letter name err Letter hu hu letter 29 err Declension R-e e rR- j jei See also Icelandic Pronunciation err<qq:letter name> Letter is is letter 21 See also Ido Pronunciation io /ɾ/ Letter io io letter 18 See also Irish Letter ga ga letter 15 See also Italian it: Pronunciation èrre<pre:letter name> r<pre:phonemic realization> Letter it it letter 16 erre Noun it noun it chess it re king See also Italian alphabet References FIDE Laws of Chess 2023 - German translation Japanese thumb|right|ja R1年〜R2年 Etymology From the romanization, which begins with ja R. Pronunciation れいわ Proper noun proper noun れいわ ja 令和 Reiwa ja terms written in foreign scripts Kankanaey Etymology kne tl R. Letter pronunciation is influenced by kne en R. Pronunciation ar<a:letter name> r<a:phoneme> Letter letter kne letter 20 ar See also References 10-11 Kashubian Etymology Letter csb csb letter 25 See also Latin Alternative forms la R. Proper noun la proper noun la especially _ coins la Roma, Rome. la Romanus, Roman. la Rufus Noun la noun la Catholicism la responsorium, responsory, breviary. la Judaism la rabbī 1655, Edward Pococke, ar באב מוסי: Porta Moſis, ſive, diſſertationes aliqvot à R. Moſe Maimonide, main title Adjective la adjective (plural la RR) la reverendus, holy, reverend. la reverendissimus, most holy, most reverend. Derived terms la RR, la RP References Latvian lv: Etymology Proposed in 1908 as part of the new Latvian spelling by the scientific commission headed by K. Mīlenbahs, which was accepted and began to be taught in schools in 1909. Prior to that, Latvian had been written in German Fraktur, and sporadically in Cyrillic. Pronunciation ɾ lv Letter class=skin-invert-image|thumb|200px|R lv lv letter 25 er See also Luxembourgish Letter lb lb letter 18 See also Noun m R-en R the letter en R Further reading Malay ms: Pronunciation ms [ar] Name of letter ms [r] Phoneme, Syllable initial ms [(r)] Phoneme, Syllable final Letter ms ms letter 18 See also Maltese Letter mt mt letter 22 See also Norwegian Bokmål Letter nb nb letter 18 See also Noun R- the letter en R References “R – bokstav” in no Store norske leksikon. Norwegian Nynorsk Letter nn nn letter 18 See also Noun R- the letter en R References Nupe Pronunciation phoneme nup /ɾ/ Letter nup nup letter 20 See also Oromo Pronunciation ra ra om Om-r.ogg Letter om om letter 18 Polish Etymology pl letter Pronunciation er - - Letter pl pl letter 23 er See also Portuguese Letter pt pt letter 18 See also Romani Pronunciation rom /r/ Letter rom rom International Standard rom letter 22 rom Pan-Vlax rom letter 23 See also References ja Yūsuke Sumi ニューエクスプレスプラス　ロマ（ジプシー）語 New Express Plus Romani (Gypsy) R, r Tokyo Hakusuisha 2018 2021 14 978-4-560-08916-3 1267332830 Romanian Pronunciation ro /r/ Letter ro ro letter 21 er re rî See also Scottish Gaelic Letter gd gd letter 15 P S ; traditionally named gd ruis elder See also Silesian Etymology Letter szl szl letter 25 See also Skolt Sami Pronunciation phoneme sms /r/ Letter sms sms letter 27 See also Slovene sl: Letter sl sl letter 18 sl letter 25 Resian sl letter 19 Natisone Valley dialect Somali Pronunciation phoneme so /r/ letter name so /ræ/ Letter so so letter 8 ra D S Usage notes The Somali alphabet follows the Arabic abjad order. See also Spanish Letter es es letter 19 Noun es noun es chess es rey king es Leyes Del Ajedrez 2023 https://rcc.fide.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Traduccion-Leyes-Version-Final.pdf 2023-04 27 w:FIDE 1.e4 e5 2.Cf3 Cf6 3.d4 exd4 4.e5 Ce4 5.Dxd4 d5 6.exd6 a.p. Cxd6; 7.Ag5 Cc68.De3+ Ae7 9.Cbd2 0-0 10.0-0-0 Te8 11.Rb1(=). https://web.archive.org/web/20240526120310/https://rcc.fide.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Traduccion-Leyes-Version-Final.pdf 26 May 2024 14 June 2025 Swedish Letter sv sv letter 18 See also Tagalog Etymology tl es R. Each pronunciation has a different source: Filipino alphabet pronunciation is influenced by tl en R. Abakada alphabet pronunciation is influenced by Baybayin character tl ra da/ra. Abecedario pronunciation is from tl es R. Pronunciation ár<qq:letter name, Filipino alphabet> rá<qq:letter name, Abakada alphabet> ere<qq:letter name, Abecedario> +<qq:phoneme> Letter tl 20 ar fil 15 ra abak tl historical 21 ere abec See also Further reading Turkish Letter tr tr letter 21 re See also Vietnamese Pronunciation e-rờ rờ Letter vi vi letter 22 e-rờ rờ See also Welsh Pronunciation cy /ɛr/ standard cy /r/ informal Letter cy cy letter 22 er It is preceded by cy Ph and followed by cy Rh. See also Mutation R cannot be mutated in Welsh. Further reading Yoruba Pronunciation phoneme yo /ɾ/ letter name yo /ɾí/ Letter yo yo letter 19 rí See also Zulu Letter zu zu letter 18 See also