411 REFERENCE · Wiktionary
-lah
Reference material by Wiktionary contributors. This retains its source identity and is not 411 news reporting.
Appendix:Variations of "lah"
Classical Nahuatl
Pronunciation
nci /-laʔ/
Suffix
nci suffix
nci after stems ending in l nci -tlah
Indonesian
Suffix
id suffix
Enclitic for verbs and adverbs to indicate the jussive, imperative.
Enclitic for adverbs to indicate reassurance, emphasis and assertion.
Jicarilla
Etymology
From apj ath-pro *-laˑ. Cognate with nv álaʼ
Noun
apj noun third-person singular possessed form milah
hand
Inflection
shilah haahilah daanaahi̱lah nlah milah daamilah milah daamilah ilah
References
314
apj Body parts
Malay
Alternative forms
ms lah -la la -lar lar -ah ah -le le -ler ler nonstandard
ms aa ar r text messaging internet slang
Etymology
ms Compare ms -kah, see discussion at Tea Room: Regarding sinitic origins of -lah.
Pronunciation
ms /lah/
ms lah ah 1
Suffix
ـله
Used to make a polite request or to allow an action.
ms Minumlah air ini. Please drink this water.
ms Janganlah malu-malu. Please don't be shy.
ms Marilah berbuka puasa bersama-sama. Please come and break fast together.
Used on verbs and adverbs to indicate the jussive, imperative.
ms a. 1256 AH Syair Siti Zubaidah Perang Cina شَعِير سيتِي زُبَيْدة ڡرَڠ چينا Poem of Siti Zubaidah’s Chinese War 25 Seraya berkata, “Wahai Cengkoa, ayuhai tuk pekong tolonglah goa, satu pun tidak salah dibawa, sekarang sudah dapat kecewa.” "Ah Cengkoa", the junk captain complained, "Help me, Tuk Pekong", he exclaimed, "not a single fault, nothing wrongly gained, only disappointment is all that I’ve obtained."
Used on adverbs to indicate reassurance, emphasis and assertion.
ms Janganlah bising! Don't be noisy!
ms a. 1840 w:Syair Siti Zubaidah Perang Cina 22 Cincu wangkang terlalu marah, tubuh geme[n]tar mukanya merah, “Funi Cokong! Pigilah nyah! Dagangan aku habislah sudah”. The owner of the junk ship, so outraged was he, his body trembling, face as red as could be, "Funi Cokong! Be gone with thee! All of my goods have gone already."
ms 1958 w:Zubir Said Majulah Singapura Majulah Singapura! Onward, Singapore!
Used on pronouns to indicate that they are only, singularly, and in their entirety.
ms Dialah yang mencuri kereta saya! It is him who stole my car!
ms 1371 Hikayat Bayan Budiman 15 https://m.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Hikayat_Bayan_Budiman.djvu/15 بهاروله فد مالم اينله فاتىک مليهت دولي ساه عالم Baharulah pada malam inilah patik melihat duli shah alam.
ms c. 1510 Hikayat Amir Hamzah Hamzanama 233—234 “[…] Sebab itu-lah saya datang kerana hendak menyelamatkan datok saya, atau pun saya gugor di-hadapan-nya.” Because of that only have I come because of wanting to save my datok, or I fall before him.
ms literary Used to indicate emphasised passive ergative verbs.
ms 1371 AD Hikayat Bayan Budiman Tinggallah seekor burung lagi yang masih menempel di daun. Remaining was one more bird who was still clinging to a leaf.
ms particles lah
Navajo
nv stub - would be better if this was expanded
Etymology
nv
Pronunciation
nv /-lɑ̀h/
Noun
nv noun inalienable
An opposite sex sibling a woman’s brother, a man’s sister
nv shilah my brother/sister 1
nv bilah her/his/their brother/sister 1
nv Family