411 REFERENCE · Wiktionary
-ng
Reference material by Wiktionary contributors. This retains its source identity and is not 411 news reporting.
Appendix:Variations of "ng"
Cebuano
Ligature
ligature + 1
Contraction of nga
ceb bag-o + nga tuig bag-ong tuig New Year or new year
ceb patay + nga ilaga patayng ilaga dead rat
Suffix
suffix +
Appended to a name or noun to create a diminutive or affectionate term or name
ceb burikat + ng buring prostitute (vulgar)
ceb Juan/Juana+ ng Juaning little John/Johanna, Johnny/Joni
ceb Timoteo/Timothy + ng Timong little Timothy, Timmy
ceb diminutive suffixes
Central Bikol
Pronunciation
Suffix
bcl suffix diminutive suffixes
ligature + 1
Enclitic suffix, connecting adjectives to nouns and vice versa, after words ending in vowels.
bcl Daragang magayon Beautiful maiden
Estonian
Etymology
Cognate with fi -nki, fi -nko, fi -nka.
Suffix
1 -ngu -ngu
Forms nouns from verbs.
Derived terms
et väisang seong song alang astang avang haarang hinnang hüvang keerang murrang lamang lang loojang lõhang toodang määrang palang piirang puhang puistang pöörang salvang seisang solvang valang visang vohang õdang ülang istung kutsung laadung pummelung säting sätung tung
Hungarian
Etymology
after 1416. hu -n -g of debated origin frequentative verb-forming suffix y
Suffix
hu suffix
hu frequentative suffix Added to a verb or less frequently to a noun to form a verb denoting a repetitive action. Linking vowels are usually used between the stem and the suffix.
Usage notes
See also
Appendix:Hungarian suffixes
References
Kapampangan
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
Compare tl -ng.
Alternative forms
pam -g for roots ending in n
pam -ng- for compounds with preceding stem ending in a vowel.
pam -m- for compounds with initial stem ending in vowels, but the next stem starts with b or p.
pam -n- for compounds with preceding stem ending in a vowel, but next stem starts with the letter d, s, t and l.
pam -g- for compounds with preceding stem ending with letter n.
Ligature
pam ligature
Enclitic suffix, connecting adjectives to nouns and vice versa, after words ending in vowels, except compound words where the next stem starts with the letter b or p.
pam a na -g -ng- -m- -n- -g-
pam Mayapang tau. A kind person.
pam Ating tau. Someone is here.
Enclitic suffix, connecting adverbs to verbs and vice versa, after words ending in vowels, except compound words where the next stem starts with the letter b or p.
pam a na -g
pam Biglang migsalita. S/he suddenly spoke.
pam Kabirang dintang. S/he surprisingly came.
Indicates possession that ends with vowels: of, -'s
pam nang ning kang king
pam I Madonnang memili. Madonna's choice.
pam I Simong mikisalepanu. Simon's cellphone.
he/she/I/they/we said: a type of verbal quotation mark used for direct and indirect quotes, also similar to en that when used as a coordinating conjunction.
pam nang ning sabi ngana ngada ngadareta ngadaren kanu ngako ngakuna nganamo ngadamo ngamu
pam Kakaluguran dakang ngana. S/he said that "You're my friend".
pam Kalugurang ipagpagulisak. I'll shout my "love" to you.
Etymology 2
Possibly from pam es -ín. See pam -ing.
Alternative forms
pam -ing for roots ending in consonants
Suffix
Diminutive suffix, used to form diminutives of given names ending in vowels, often one already shortened or with a diminutive suffix.
pam Paeng. little Rafael.
pam Beng. little Ruby.
See also
pam -ing
pam -itu
pam -ita
pam -oy
pam -ay
pam enclitics diminutive suffixes
Ojibwe
Suffix
oj suffix noun suffixes verb suffixes
A suffix denoting the locative form of a noun
A suffix denoting the indefinite actor form of an animate intransitive verb (vai)
A suffix denoting the third-person singular conjunct form of a Type 4 transitive inanimate verb (vti4)
See also
oj -ang
oj -aang
oj -d
oj -iing
oj -ing
oj -ong
oj -ood
Tagalog
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
tl enclitic
Alternative forms
tl -g for roots ending in n
tl -ng- for compounds with preceding stem ending in a vowel.
tl -m- for compounds with initial stem ending in vowels, but the next stem starts with b or p.
tl -n- for compounds with preceding stem ending in a vowel, but next stem starts with the letter d, s, or t.
tl -g- for compounds with preceding stem ending with letter n.
Ligature
ligature + 1
Enclitic suffix, connecting adjectives to nouns and vice versa, after words ending in vowels, except compound words where the next stem starts with the letter b or p.
tl na -g -ng- -m- -n- -g-
tl Magandang bulaklak Pretty flower
Enclitic suffix, connecting adverbs to verbs and vice versa, after words ending in vowels, except compound words where the next stem starts with the letter b or p.
tl na -g
tl Bigla siyang nagsalita. S/he suddenly spoke.
Derived terms
tl enclitic
Etymology 2
tl diminutive :der<unc> es:-ín +
Possibly from tl es -ín. See tl -ing.
Alternative forms
tl -ing for roots ending in consonants
Suffix
+
Diminutive suffix, used to form diminutives of given names ending in vowels, often one already shortened or with a diminutive suffix.
tl Pepeng little Joseph
tl Isang little Isabel
Derived terms
tl diminutive
See also
tl -ing
tl -ito
tl -ita
tl -oy
tl -ay
tl enclitics diminutive suffixes
Uzbek
Suffix
uz suffix form Cyrillic -нг possessive suffixes
Form of uz -ing after a noun ending in a vowel.
Bu ruchkang.
"This is your ballpen."
Yilan Creole
Etymology
From western dialectal ycr ja ん negative form of verbs -n.
Suffix
ycr suffix
Irrealis negation suffix.
ycr wasi pyatu arawang I will not wash the bowls
ycr 吳以諾 zyetay yamerang anta ni https://youtu.be/vFwKfFVz58g?si=4USTwXrR7asPK1N_ 2023/04/07 waha zyetay yamerang anta ni I will never give up waiting for you
Usage notes
Always preceded by a
Antonyms
ycr -nay realis negation suffix
References
2011 ja 台湾の宜蘭クレオールにおける否定辞―「ナイ」と「ン」の変容をめぐって― [Negation in Taiwan’s Yilan Creole: Focusing on -nay and -ng] ja 言語研究 [Gengo Kenkyu] 140 73-87 Chien Yuehchen Shinji Sanada https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/gengo/140/0/140_73/_pdf