-im

Appendix:Variations of "im" English Etymology en he ־ים -ím. Suffix Used to form plurals in words derived from Hebrew. en seraph seraphim en rabbi rabbanim en cherub cherubim Derived terms en Albanian Alternative forms sq -imë Etymology either a derivation of sq -më from sq sqj-pro *-mā, from sq ine-pro *-mn̥ or from sq grc -ισμός abstract noun suffix. Pronunciation sq [ɪm] Article sq article m -ism, -ation, -ment; Suffixed to nouns or verbs to form masculine abstract nouns of practice (action or incidence), result, teaching (doctrine or philosophy), or status (state or condition) related to the thing or action sq ag Agim dawn id sq admiroj admirim admire admiration sq afër afrim close approach sq arsej arsim teach education sq *argë argëtim amuse entertainment Related terms suffixed article, suffix sq -ëz, sq -ukël, sq -të, sq -më, sq -ës, sq -ët Bislama Alternative forms bi -i colloquial before an object Etymology Suffix bi suffix inflectional suffixes 1 bi -em ; see usage notes below Usage notes References 23 77–81 Catalan Etymology ca la -men -imen. Pronunciation Suffix m diminutive suffix added to nouns ca pols dust polsim fine dust, spray ca pluja rain plugim drizzle noun-forming suffix added to verbs ca socarrar to burn socarrim burnt part of something ca fotre to fuck; annoy fotim whippersnapper Derived terms ca Hungarian Etymology hu -i -m possessive plural first-person singular personal suffix y Pronunciation hu im 1 Suffix hu suffix hu possessive suffix my ... -s (first-person singular, multiple possessions) hu kapu gate → hu kapuim a kapuim my gates hu palota palace → hu palotáim a palotáim my palaces hu érme coin → hu érméim az érméim my coins Usage notes Declension For back vowel words: -ima o 1 sg For front vowel words: -ime e 1 sg See also :Category:Hungarian noun forms Appendix:Hungarian possessive suffixes Irish Alternative forms ga -aim after a broad consonant ga -aím -ím second conjugation form Etymology From ga sga -imm. The ga m is always broad (velarized) in Ulster, as if the ending were spelled ga -(e)am. This pronunciation arose by leveling of this ending with the broad ga m found in first-person singular prepositional pronouns such as ga agam, ga asam, ga chugam etc. Compare gd -am first-person singular imperative.104 292 Pronunciation ga /əmʲ/ ga /əmˠ/ Ulster Suffix i first-person singular present indicative and imperative ending of verbs Usage notes This form is attached to first-conjugation verbs with stems ending in either a slender consonant or a vowel; Used in place of the pronoun ga mé: ga feic feicim I see ga súigh súim I suck (stem sú-) References smaller Northern Kurdish Suffix kmr suffix first-person singular suffix dikim ('I do.') hatim ('I came.') Alternative forms -m (after a vowel) Palula Etymology 1 phl Pronunciation phl /-im/ Suffix phl suffix Feminine plural agreement suffix References Etymology 2 phl Pronunciation phl /-im/ Suffix phl suffix Feminine plural agreement suffix References Pijin Etymology Suffix pis suffix inflectional suffixes 1 pis -em ; see usage notes below Usage notes References 106–7, 113–8 + 78 Portuguese Pronunciation pt ĩ 1 Suffix mpt diminutive suffixes pt uncommon forms diminutives pt -inho especially,Minas Gerais Derived terms pt Related terms pt -in', pt -in Further reading Tok Pisin Etymology tpi :inh<conj:and> en:him en:'em From tpi en him, 'em. Suffix tpi suffix Indicates a transitive verb Derived terms tpi Turkish Etymology 1 tr my From tr ota م -m, ım, -im first-person singular possessive suffix, from tr trk-oat م -m, um, -üm first-person singular possessive suffix, from tr trk-pro *-im. Cognate to otk 𐰢 -m, -ım, -im, -um, -üm first-person singular possessive suffix. Suffix m inflectional First-person singular possessive suffix denoting singular possession in words ending in a consonant. tr ev house → tr evim my house tr ofis office → tr ofisim my office Usage notes Turkish has word-final stress. Usually, when the possessive suffix -im is the last syllable of a word, it takes the stress. See also the first usage note of Etymology 2. However, when suffixed to a word with anomalous stress, the same syllable is stressed as before; for example, İzmir /ˈiz.miɾ/ + -im → İzmir’im /ˈiz.mi.ɾim/ (“my Izmir”). If the noun ends in a vowel, the vowel of the possessive suffix is elided, becoming tr -m: tr kedi cat + -im → kedim (“my cat”). The suffix obeys vowel harmony and is used for words whose last vowel is e or i, and a small number of loan words; for example, tr saat watch + -im → saatim (“my watch”). It may change into tr -ım, tr -um and tr -üm according to the last vowel of the word it is suffixed to. Examples: tr kız girl + -im → kızım (“my girl (daughter)”) (used when the last vowel is “a” or “ı”); tr yol road + -im → yolum (“my road”) (used when the last vowel is “o” or “u”); tr yüz face + -im → yüzüm (“my face”) (used when the last vowel is “ö” or “ü”). When a stem ends in a voiced consonant, it may become devoiced in syllable-final position. If a word ends in a thus devoiced “p”, “ç”, “t” or “k”, suffixing it with -im changes it back into a voiced “b”, “c”, “d” or “ğ”: tr sebep reason + -im → sebebim (“my reason”); tr çekiç hammer + -im → çekicim (“my hammer”); tr senet bill + -im → senedim (“my bill"); tr çiçek flower + -im → çiçeğim (“my flower”). In many words that are originally monosyllables ending in two consonants, an epenthetic “i” is inserted between these consonants. When suffixed with -im, the epenthic “i” is dropped: tr beyin beyin brain + -im → beynim (“my brain”). Related terms tr -miz, tr -imiz first-person plural possessive suffix Etymology 2 From tr ota ـم, ota ـن -im, -ım, -in, -ın, -en first-person singular suffix, from tr trk-oat -ven first-person singular suffix, ultimately from tr trk-pro *-bẹn (see tr ben I). Cognate with otk 𐰢𐰤 -men first person singular suffix, xqa مَنْ men I, first person singular postposition, oui -men first person singular suffix. The suffix ultimately merged with the first-person singular possessive suffix (see Etymology 1 above) following the road *-bẹn → *-vẹn → *-ẹn → *-ẹm → -im. 11th-century Karakhanid scholar of Turkic languages Kashgari already hints that the Oghuz use *-en dropping /m/ as opposed to the Karakhanid using "-men" Compare tk -in, tk -än first-person singular suffix, az -əm first-person singular suffix. For a similar case of loss of initial /b/ at the suffix level, compare tr -iz first-person plural suffix, from trk-cmn-pro *biz (see tr biz we). Suffix ım im um üm y inflectional Conjugation of the verb "to be" for first-person singular, simple present tense. tr güzel beautiful → tr güzelim I am beautiful Personal suffix for "ben" "I" - first person singular tr gelmek gel- come + tr -ecek future tense marker + tr -im personal suffix → tr geleceğim I will come tr sevmek sev- love + tr -r -(e)r present tense marker + tr -im personal suffix → tr severim I like, enjoy Usage notes In Turkish, as a word final stress language, when this suffix is at the end of a word it does not take the stress due to not being originally a suffix; therefore a differentiation is realized where the possessive suffix carries the stress. See also the first usage note on Etymology 1. tr bel waist + tr -im first person suffix for "to be" → tr belim bélim I am (the) waist, as opposed to tr bel waist + tr -im first-person possessive suffix → tr belim belím my waist tr gelmek gel- come + tr -r -(i)r present tense marker + tr -im personal suffix → tr gelirim gelírim I come, as opposed to tr gelir income + tr -im first-person possessive suffix → tr gelirim gelirím my income tr gelmek gel- come + tr -ecek -ecek future tense marker + tr -im personal suffix → tr geleceğim gelecéğim I will come, as opposed to tr gelecek gelecek future + tr -im first-person possessive suffix → tr geleceğim geleceğím my future or also alternatively tr gelecek gelecek future + tr -im first person suffix for "to be" → tr geleceğim gelecéğim I am (the) future If the word ends in a vowel, it's used with an auxiliary consonant; "y" for the verb to be. tr terli sweaty → tr terliyim I am sweaty It must be used with an apostrophe if it's appended to a proper noun. tr Zafer → tr Zafer'im I am Zafer It's always tr -um in present continuous tense. And in other tenses, the personal suffix may also be tr -ım, tr -um, tr -üm according to the last vowel of the word. tr vermek ver- give + tr -iyor present continuous tense marker + tr -um personal suffix → tr veriyorum I am giving tr üzülmek üzül- be sad + tr -r -(ü)r present tense marker + tr -üm personal suffix → tr üzülürüm I become sad tr kalmak kal- stay + tr -r -(ı)r present tense marker + tr -ım personal suffix → tr kalırım I stay tr bulmak bul- find + tr -r -(u)r present tense marker + tr -um personal suffix → tr bulurum I find Related terms tr ben I Etymology 3 tr deverbal nominal :inh trk-pro:*-im + 1 Pronunciation tr /ˈim/ Suffix ım im um üm y noun tr deverbal nominal Derives nouns from verbs of an instance of, or a result of performing, the action implied by the verb. tr demek deyim to say saying tr dilmek dilim to slice slice tr giymek giyim to wear clothing tr seçmek seçim to choose choice, election tr yutmak yudum to swallow sip -um Derived terms tr Unami Etymology unm alg-pro *-min. Root 1 in -im corn, grain, berry Derived terms unm màxkim xàskwim kukhusëwim lënxàskwim mpiànàxkwim ònàxkwim puhwèsënàkwim salaxtèkwim shèskwim shëwanàhkwim tëpèkwim tùkwim wtehim opim wisahkim pakim pisim sakwënakanim shaèim shèxkanim xkànim òkhatim Uzbek Suffix im m -им uz suffix first-person singular possessive suffix, used after a noun ending in a consonant uz Bu kitobim. This is my book. uz nominal affixes im Volapük Etymology Ultimately from vo grc -ισμός. Suffix vo suffix -ism Derived terms vo