411 REFERENCE · Wiktionary
Belsnickel
Reference material by Wiktionary contributors. This retains its source identity and is not 411 news reporting.
English
Etymology
en pdc Belsnickel.
Proper noun
A companions of Saint Nicholas companion of St. Nicholas in some Germanophone regions, with various cultural roles, including rewarding well-behaved children with gifts and punishing ill-behaved children by corporal punishment or by spiriting them away from their homes. Homologous with Krampus in other regions.
en Samuel Redsecker II Slaymaker 1973 Captives' Mansion: An American Family Chronicle Covering Nine Generations and Two Hundred Years in a Pennsylvania Rural Manor Harper & Row 39 978-0060139230 [Describing a market scene of the 1780s] Spotted throughout the marketplace, too, were piles of greens—cedar and pine trees—awaiting purchase by the German burghers, who would dress them gaily in candles on Christmas Eve while their kinder watched—some quaking from fear of the Belsnickel Man, who was prone to seize and carry off in the dead of that very night all wee transgressors of the year just past.
en Christmas European folklore
Hunsrik
thumb|Belsnickel in Guabiruba, Brazil
Alternative forms
hrx Pelznickel Altenhofen
Etymology
Cognate with pdc Belsnickel.
Pronunciation
Béls#níckel
Noun
m
en Belsnickel
Santa Claus
hrx Krisskindche
Usage notes
The meaning of this term varies between households. While some families see Belsnickel as the sole figure of Christmas, responsible for both punishing and rewarding children, others make a division, with Krisskindche as the role of gifter and Belsnickel being more akin to en Krampus.pt A origem de Belsnickel e Krisskinnche no natal hunsriqueano<t:The origin of Belsnickel and Krisskinnche in the Hunsrückisch Christmas> 2020-12-18 YouTube Piter Kehoma Boll https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2AQKuKJb9fA106
Descendants
pt-BR Pelznickel 1
References
Further reading
22 1
hrx Christmas European folklore
Pennsylvania German
Etymology
Certainly a compound of some /bɛls/ syllable plus a diminutive/hypocorism of the name en Nicholas; the first component is conventionally viewed as pdc Bels (pelt/fur), but the homophony involved with pelts (furs/Bels/pels) and pelting (belting/beating/belse/pelzen) is evidenced in all of these Germanic languages (English, Pennsylvania German, and some German dialects) and cannot be excluded as an influence on the overlapping notions of Belsnickel as a pelt-clad figure who pelts naughty children. For example, some Rhenish dialects have pelzen or belzen, "to wallop or to drub",https://www.spr.germanistik.uni-wuerzburg.de/udi/pdf/presse/Nikolaus_Volksblatt.pdf Schunk, Gunther 2002-12-06 "Pelzmärtel und Herrscheklaus: Wer kommt am Nikolaustag?" Volksblatt: Tageszeitung für Würzburg 2021-08-29 https://web.archive.org/web/20210830000713/https://www.spr.germanistik.uni-wuerzburg.de/udi/pdf/presse/Nikolaus_Volksblatt.pdf 30 August 2021 and Pennsylvania German has belse, "to beat/flog".
Proper noun
pdc proper noun m
en Belsnickel
St. Nicholas
Santa Claus
Descendants
en Belsnickel 1
References
pdc Christmas European folklore