Sanskritize

English 2020 October 2 Alternative forms en Sanskritise British spelling Etymology From en Sanskrit ize.adj 170751 1909 Pronunciation en /ˈsɑːnskɹɪtaɪz/ /ˈsæn-/ RP en LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-Sanskritize.wav Southern England en /ˈsænskɹɪtaɪz/ GA en San skrit ize San skri tize Verb en transitive American spelling Oxford British spelling en transitive linguistics To render a non-Sanskrit text, word, etc., in a form characteristic of Sanskrit morphology or phonology. en Cinsurensis [pseudonym] Review. Oriental Fragments, by the Author of the Hindu Pantheon. London, 1834. [book review] The Calcutta Christian Observer Calcutta, West Bengal Printed at the Baptist Mission Press, Circular Road; and sold by Messrs. Thacker & Co.and all other booksellers. September 1837 VI 64 496 https://books.google.com/books?id=uLYOAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA496 6842644 "In India, gao, gauri, govinda, have relation to Kine." The 1st and 3rd have, but the other (meaning white, fair), none whatever, though the only one to his [Edward Moor's] purpose (and that but in sound), which is to Sanskritize Cuarius, a local epithet of Neptune as worshipped at Cierium in Thessaly! en w:Robert Caldwell w:Hermann Gundert Part IV. The Numerals. A Comparative Grammar of the Dravidian or South-Indian Family of Languages 2nd London Trübner & Co.,Ludgate Hill. 1875 233 https://books.google.com/books?id=01RlAAAAcAAJ&pg=RA2-PA233 1017304205 One feels further inclined to derive the Sanskrit amśa, a portion, from the aforesaid pañchu, añju, as a Sanskritising of a popular word. en J[ohn] F[aithfull] Fleet Sanskṛit and Old Canarese Inscriptions Ja[me]s Burgess The Indian Antiquary, a Journal of Oriental Researchin Archæology, History, Literature, Languages, Philosophy, Religion, Folklore, &c. &c. &c. Bombay, Maharashtra Printed and published at the Education Society’s Press,Byculla.; London: Trübner & Co.;Paris: E. Leroux; Berlin: A. Asher & Co.; Rome: Spithöver & Co.; Bombay: Thacker, Vining & Co. March 1876 V section no. XIII 68 https://books.google.com/books?id=LzFHtJR-hN0C&pg=PA68 985539491 Taking the old form of the name, ‘Bâdâvi’, which we meet with as far back as Śaka 622 (a.d. 700–1), the interchange of letters,—‘vá’ with ‘bá’; ‘tá’ with ‘dá’; and ‘pi’ with ‘vi’,—is natural enough, whether we take ‘Bâdâvi’ as a Prâkṛit corruption of the Sanskṛit ‘Vâtâpi’, or whether we take ‘Vâtâpi’ as a name already known in Sanskṛit literature and therefore used as the nearest approach towards Sanskṛitizing a Dravidian name. en Robert N[eedham] Cust Aryan Family A Sketch of the Modern Languages of the East Indies.Accompanied by Two Language-maps. Trübner’s Oriental Series IV London Trübner & Co.,Ludgate Hill. 1878 60 https://books.google.com/books?id=Eh4gAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA60 457325025 The New Testament was translated in 1818 into this Dialect in the Nágari Character, and much Sanskritised. en Skilfulness H[endrik] Kern F[riedrich] Max Müller The Saddharma-Pu[ṇḍ]arîka or The Lotus of the True Law The Sacred Books of the East XXI Oxford, Oxfordshire Clarendon Press 1884 footnote 1 39 https://archive.org/details/saddharmapundar00camb/page/39/mode/1up 504352410 Both imaginary words are no doubt the result of an unhappy attempt to Sanskritise a Prâkrit nippalâva by scribes unacquainted with the Sanskrit palâva (Pâli palâpa). en D. C. Sircar [i.e., Dineshchandra Sircar] Technical Expressions Indian Epigraphy Delhi Motilal Banarsidass Publishers 1965 1996 426 https://books.google.com/books?id=hXMB3649biQC&pg=PA426 978-81-208-1166-9 Sometimes Prakrit words were wrongly Sanskritised. Reference may be made in this connection to utkṛṣṭi derived from Prakrit ukkuṭṭhi (Sanskrit utkrośa) meaning 'wailing'. Similar is the case with ḍheṅku-kaḍḍhaka and nīla-ḍumphaka which appear to have been imperfectly Sanskritised. en A[nthony] K[ennedy] Warder Epic and Drama in the Time of Vastupāla Indian Kāvya Literature: Volume VII: The Wheel of Time: Part II Delhi Motilal Banarsidass Publishers 2004 paragraph 6758 539 https://books.google.com/books?id=GiRVhBmpwSEC&pg=PA539 978-81-208-2028-9 The Avacūrī Sanskritises the first verse in this verse as Sudayavacchakathā and it seems to be Svayambḥū's epic on Śūdraka [...]. en w:Elliot Sperling Tibetan Buddhism, Perceived and Imagined, along the Ming-Era Sino-Tibetan Frontier Matthew T. Kapstein Buddhism between Tibet and China Studies in Indian and Tibetan Buddhism Somerville, Mass. Wisdom Publications 2009 part II (Missions from the Frontiers), footnote 18 175 https://books.google.com/books?id=1y8qAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA175 978-0-86171-581-7 Note that this work, in contrast to the lhan thabs, sanskritizes Rin chen dpal more properly as "Ratna shri". en transitive linguistics To influence a non-Sanskrit language by Sanskritic vocabulary. en J[ohn] Muir The Languages of Northern India: Their History and Relations Original Sanskrit Texts on the Origin and History of the People of India, Their Religion and Institutions.Collected, Translated into English, and Illustrated by Remarks. Chiefly for the Use of Students and Others in India. London; Edinburgh Williams and Norgate,14, Henrietta Street, Covent Garden, London; and 20, South Frederick Street, Edinburgh. 1860 part second (The Trans-Himalayan Origin of the Hindus,and Their Affinity with the Western Branches of the Arian Race.) VIII 146 https://books.google.com/books?id=QfAZn29vlmgC&pg=PA146 606149185 The period when Sanskrit began to spread itself over India cannot be determined any more than the era of the immigration of the people who spoke it. We can only determine the following points: [...] (2) to the north, the Sanskrit or its dialects prevailed as far as the Himalaya and the Indian Caucasus; (3) to the east, in the time of Aśoka, as far as the region of the Brahmaputra, though this region was not entirely Sanskritized; [...] en James D’Awlis Introduction Kachchàyana [i.e., Kātyāyana] An Introduction to Kachchàyana’s Grammar of the Pàli Language;with an Introduction, Appendix, Notes, &c. Colombo; London Williams and Norgate,14, Henrietta Street, Covent Garden, London; and 20, South Frederick Street, Edinburgh. 1863 cx https://books.google.com/books?id=Mb4IAAAAQAAJ&pg=PR110 560321171 The Tamils and Hindus use a dialect full of Sanskrit words; and the modern Sinhalese with a view to beautify language, do not assimilate sounds, and shorten expressions, but Sanskritize our ancient simple language. en The Department of Education Report on the Administration of Bengal: 1871–72 Calcutta, West Bengal Printed at the Bengal Secretariat Press 1872 part I (The General Report) 249 https://books.google.com/books?id=n_M2AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA249 191708132 Of late years there has, however, been a strong tendency to Sanskritise the written Bengali, so much so that the Bengali of our school books had begun to differ widely from the language spoken and understood by an intelligent but unlettered man from the streets. en w:Suniti Kumar Chatterji The Origin and Development of the Bengali Language Calcutta, West Bengal Calcutta University Press 1926 134 265483802 Literary Bengali of prose, during the greater part of the 19th century, was thus a doubly artificial language; and, with its forms belonging to Middle Bengali, and its vocabulary highly Sanskritised, it could only be compared to a 'Modern English' with a Chaucerian grammar and a super-Johnsonian vocabulary, if such a thing could be conceived. en Rama K. Agnihotri Identity and Multilinguality: The Case of India Amy B. M. Tsui; James W. Tollefson Language Policy, Culture, and Identity in Asian Contexts New York, N.Y.; Abingdon, Oxfordshire w:Routledge 2007 2015 part III (Language Policy and Language Politics: The Role of English) 193 https://books.google.com/books?id=HQTFDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA193 978-0-8058-5693-4 Since Hindi became the official language of the Indian Union, the processes started at the beginning of the century to "Sanskritize" and "sanitize" it have intensified in the sense that the words and expressions of Persian, Arabic, and Urdu origin have been, and are still being, removed and substituted by new words. The decision to intensively "Sanskritize" Hindi, in spite of the explicit directive of the constitution that Hindi should draw on other Indian languages as well in addition to borrowing primarily from Sanskrit, has led to undesirable consequences for Hindi and Urdu today—linguistically, socially, and politically. en transitive South Asia Southeast Asia To emulate rituals and practices of upper classes so as to gain upward social mobility. en Ram[a]krishna Gopal Bhandarkar Art. VIII.—A Devanágari Transcript and Date of a New Valabhí Copperplate, and a New Interpretation of the Figured Dates on the Published Grants of the Valabhí Dynasty. The Journal of the Bombay Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society Bombay, Maharashtra [Bombay Branch of the Royal Asiatic] Society’s Library,Town Hall; London: Trübner & Co.,60, Paternoster Row. 11 January 1872 1873 X XXVIII 73 https://books.google.com/books?id=B3JEAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA73 1194302069 After the Maráṭhás had put down the Mahomedans and established their sway, they always used the Mahomedan era, sometimes along with, but often without, the Śaka, notwithstanding the efforts of Shiváji to Sanskṛitize his Durbar. en Introduction w:Wendy Doniger Purāṇa Perennis: Reciprocity and Transformation in Hindu and Jaina Texts Albany, N.Y. State University of New York Press 1993 xi https://books.google.com/books?id=KI5D5aexThoC&pg=PR11 978-0-7914-1381-4 In the hope of making the book accessible to a nonspecialist audience, I have tried to de-Sanskritize it as far as possible. For when castes rise in both status and power by Sanskritizing, texts fall in status but rise in (readership) power by de-Sanskritizing. en Sunita Zaidi Oral Tradition and Little Culture: Jasnathis in Historical Perspective Surinder Singh; Ishwar Dayal Gaur Popular Literature and Pre-modern Societies in South Asia Delhi; Chennai, Tamil Nadu Pearson Longman 2008 162 https://books.google.com/books?id=QVA0JAzQJkYC&pg=PA162 978-81-317-1358-7 Their [...] desire to Sanskritize themselves, comes by identifying themselves with a surrounding socio-religious elite and high cultural values. en Divya Vaid; Ankur Datta Caste and Contemporary Hindu Society: Community, Politics, and Work Torkel Brekke The Oxford History of Hinduism: Modern Hinduism Oxford, Oxfordshire w:Oxford University Press 2019 part 3 (Politics, Ethics, and Law) 224 https://books.google.com/books?id=5CieDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA224 978-0-19-879083-9 Srinivas himself observed situations when lower castes attempting to observe upper-caste practices were subjected to censure and punishment from upper castes initially. However, to sanskritize successfully calls upon more pragmatic measures, which include the changing socio-economic and political context. Groups that have been able to sanskritize tend to have a significant population, and other sources of power. Derived terms en Sanskritization Sanskritized adjective Related terms en Sanskrit Sanskritic Sanskritist Translations to render a non-Sanskrit text, etc., in a form characteristic of Sanskrit morphology or phonology Polish: pl sanskrytyzować impf, pl zsanskrytyzować pf Portuguese: pt sanscritizar Sanskrit: sa संस्कृतीकरण n saṃskṛtī-karaṇa Vietnamese: vi Phạn hóa, vi Phạn hoá to influence a non-Sanskrit language by Sanskritic vocabulary Polish: pl sanskrytyzować impf, pl zsanskrytyzować pf Portuguese: pt sanscritizar Sanskrit: sa संस्कृतीकरण n saṃskṛtī-karaṇa, sa संस्कृतभूयिष्ठता f saṃskṛta-bhūyiṣṭhatā to emulate rituals and practices of upper classes so as to gain upward social mobility Polish: pl sanskrytyzować impf, pl zsanskrytyzować pf Sanskrit: sa संस्कृतीकरण n saṃskṛtī-karaṇa, sa द्विजाचारानुकरण n dvijācārānukaraṇa References Further reading Sanskrit Sanskritisation