Mount Everest

English 2024 May 29 vertical IMG 2124 Everest.jpg Mount Everest. George Everest - Maull & Polyblank.jpg Sir George Everest, after whom the mountain was named. Etymology From en mount Everest 1 exocentric, en Andrew Scott Waugh the British army officer and Surveyor General of India 1 1 (1810–1878)—originally as en Mont Everest—in a paper of 1 March 1856 to the Royal Geographical Society, after his predecessor George Everest (1790–1866): see the quotation.en J[ames] T[homas] Walker Notes on Mont Everest Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society and Monthly Record of Geography London Edward Stanford [for the Royal Geographical Society] February 1886 8 2 88 https://archive.org/details/proceedingsofroy0000unse_f6v2/page/88/mode/1up 1800924 1298866300 In 1856, Colonel (afterwards General Sir Andrew) Waugh, Surveyor-General of India, informed this Society that a peak, designated XV. in the official list of the great Himalayan peaks, had been found to be higher than any other hitherto measured in India; that it had no local name which the survey officers had discovered, or were likely to be able to discover while debarred from entering Nepal; thus, the privilege, as well as the duty, devolved on him “to assign to this lofty pinnacle of our globe a name whereby it may be known among geographers, and become a household word among civilised nations;” he had determined therefore to name it “Mont Everest” after his late respected chief and predecessor.Compare en Everest, Mount Leon E[ugene] Seltzer The Columbia Lippincott Gazetteer of the World 1952 Morningside Heights, New York, N.Y. Columbia University Press 596 https://archive.org/details/columbialippinco00selt/page/596/mode/1up 1 802473294 First observed 1849 by trigonometrical survey of India and named (c.1855) for a former surveyor-general (1830–43), Sir George Everest; . The name Mount Everest was used in a paper on 27 October 1856 by the British naturalist Brian Houghton Hodgson (1800 or 1801 – 1894)B[rian] H[oughton] Hodgson 1. Papers Relating to the Himalaya and Mount Everest. B. By B. H. Hodgson, Esq., dated Darjiling, Oct. 27th, 1856. Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society of London London Edward Stanford, 6, Charing Cross [for the Royal Geographical Society] 1 March 1856 11 May 1857 I IX 348 https://archive.org/details/proceedingsofroy01lond/page/348/mode/1up 1298866300 Agreeing as I do with Colonel Waugh in the propriety of adopting native names, and cordially sympathising with the sentiment which gave rise to the name Mount Everest, I trust I may be permitted, without offence, to state, in justice to my friends the Nepalese and to myself, who have been so long connected with them, that the mountain in question does not lack a native and ascertained name; that the name is Dévadhúngá, Holy hill, or Mons Sacer; and by Sir Roderick Impey Murchison (1792–1871), the President of the Society,Roderick I[mpey] Murchison Twelfth Meeting, May 11th, 1857 Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society of London London Edward Stanford, 6, Charing Cross [for the Royal Geographical Society] 11 May 1857 I IX 350 https://archive.org/details/proceedingsofroy01lond/page/350/mode/1up 1298866300 [The President said that a] more appropriate name could not be given than that of Mount Everest; and, whatever might be its name in India, he hoped, in England at least, it would always be known by the name of Everest. at a meeting of the Society on 11 May 1857 at which the two papers were read. Pronunciation en /ˌmaʊnt ˈɛv(ə)ɹɪst/ RP en /ˌmaʊnt ˈɛv(ə)ɹəst/ GA ĕ′vərĭstEverest, Mount 596 1 Everest, Mount (ĕ′vu̇rĭst),Tibetan name Chomolungma is sometimes attributed to Mt. Everest. en En-us-Mount Everest.oga GA en Mount Ev e rest Proper noun Mount Everest en mountain in the range/Himalayas on the border of district/Solukhumbu province/Koshi c/Nepal and county/Tingri County prefecture-level city/Shigatse ar:Suf/Tibet c/China; the world's highest mountain above sea level. from 1856 en A[ndrew] S[cott] Waugh 1. Papers Relating to the Himalaya and Mount Everest. A. By Lieutenant-Colonel A. S. Waugh, Surveyor-General of India, dated Dehra, March 1st, 1856; Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society of London London Edward Stanford, 6, Charing Cross [for the Royal Geographical Society] 1 March 1856 11 May 1857 I IX 346 https://archive.org/details/proceedingsofroy01lond/page/346/mode/1up 1298866300 [T]he privilege, as well as the duty, devolves on me to assign to this lofty pinnacle of our globe, a name whereby it may be known among geographers and become a household word among civilized nations. In virtue of this privilege, in testimony of my affectionate respect for a revered chief, in conformity with what I believe to be the wish of all the Members of the scientific department, over which I have the honour to preside, and to perpetuate the memory of that illustrious master of accurate geographical research, I have determined to name this noble peak of the Himalayas ‘Mont Everest.’ In the case of Mont Everest the accordance of the independent heights is closer than could have been anticipated, because the mountain, though lofty and massive, is not a sharp well-defined peak and was observed from great distances. on en Science and Inventions. The Fortnight. The Critic, London Literary Journal London w:John Crockford 15 October 1856 XV 373 500 https://archive.org/details/sim_critic_1856-10-15_15_373/page/500/mode/1up 3 7233719 It appears from a late survey made of the Himalaya range, by Colonel Waugh, that the Khanchinjinga, which has been hitherto supposed to be the highest summit, is, in fact, not so—a higher mountain having been discovered, situated between Katmandoo and Khanchinjinga. This last named is 28,156 feet above the level of the sea; but the new summit reaches the enormous height of 29,002 feet. It has been proposed to call this Mount Everest, after a former Surveyor-General of India. en Edward Thornton Everest Mount A Gazetteer of the Territories under the Government of the East-India Company, and the Native States on the Continent of India.Compiled by the Authority of the Hon. Court of Directors, and Chiefly from Documents in Their Possession London W[illia]m H[oughton] Allen & Co.,7, Leadenhall Street. 1857 306 https://books.google.com/books?id=RfJAAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA306 1 417279872 EVEREST MOUNT.—A mountain of the Himalaya range, situate between the mountain of Kinchingunga, in Sikkim, and the city of Khatmandoo, in Nepaul, and presumed to be the loftiest summit in the world. Its elevation is 29,002 feet above the level of the sea. The highest summit of the Andes is Sorata, having an elevation of 25,267 feet. Mount Everest is reported to have been recently discovered by Colonel Waugh, and to have been named in compliment to the late surveyor-general of India. en w:George Gilfillan Alpha and Omega [book review] The Saturday Review of Politics, Literature, Science, and Art London Published at the office, Southampton Street, Strand; printed by Spottiswoode and Co.,New-Street Square and Parliament Street 21 July 1860 X 247 87 https://archive.org/details/saturdayreviewof10unse/page/87/mode/1up 2 970918069 But narrative, after all, is Mr. Gilfillan's forte, and his picture of the flood is a masterpiece. Then, we have mountains submerged and volcanoes extinguished, "Ben Nevis sunk fathoms and fathoms more beneath the waves"—"the eye of Mount Blanc darkened, Old Taurus blotted out," the tide "rolling over the summit of Mount Everest, and violating its last particle of virgin snow"—and lastly, "some human scenes of extraordinary interest," which Mr. Gilfillan descries amidst the surrounding confusion. en Fordyce A[lmon] Allen Asia. Lesson XLII. A Primary Geography on the Basis of the Object Method of Instruction Lippincott’s Geographical Series 3rd Philadelphia, Pa. J[oshua] B[allinger] Lippincott & Co. 1863 45 https://archive.org/details/primarygeography00allerich/page/45/mode/1up 28477074 The mountains of Asia are the loftiest in the world. Mount Everest, one of the Himalayas, is more than five and one-half miles high,—a mile higher than Mount Tupungato! en w:James Orton VIII The Andes and the Amazon: or, Across the Continent of South America New York, N.Y. Harper & Brothers,publishers, Franklin Square. 1870 131 https://archive.org/details/andesamazonoracr00orto/page/131/mode/1up 1745130 Chimborazo was long supposed to be the tallest mountain on the globe, but its supremacy has been supplanted by Mount Everest in Asia, and Aconcagua in Chile. [Footnote †: Mount Everest is 29,000 feet, and Aconcagua 23,200. [Hermann von] Schlagintweit enumerates thirteen Himalayan summits over 25,000 feet, and forty-six above 20,000.] The Bad Roads of Angola 197 It was one of those termite cones that, according to Lieutenant Cameron's comparison, are more astonishing than the pyramids of Egypt, raised by the hands of men, because they have been built by such small insects. "It is," said he, "as if a nation had built Mount Everest, the highest mountain of the Himalaya chain." en Clinton T[homas] Dent Can Mount Everest be Ascended? James Knowles The Nineteenth Century: A Monthly Review London Sampson Law, Marston & Company(Limited) St. Dunstan’s House, Fetter Lane, Fleet Street, E.C. October 1892 XXXII CLXXXVII 605 https://books.google.com/books?id=KeZXAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA605 914235738 Although the real elevation, and even the geographical position, of even the highest mountain in the world are quite uncertain, it may be assumed that the goal lies somewhere near the northern frontier of Nepal, very probably north of the summit recognised by surveyors as Mount Everest, and that the height is at least 29,000 to 30,000 feet. en w:Francis Younghusband Preface The Epic of Mount Everest school London Edward Arnold & Co. October 1926 April 1931 (1933 printing) 5 https://archive.org/details/dli.pahar.2311/page/5/mode/1up 605692699 The years have gone by and still we know not whether or no [George] Mallory and [Andrew] Irvine reached the summit. But the will to climb Mount Everest is still alive. en w:Edmund Hillary; Desmond Doig Into the Mingbo Valley High in the Thin Cold Air: The Story of the Himalayan Expedition, Led by Sir Edmund Hillary,Sponsored by World Book Encyclopedia Garden City, N.Y. Doubleday & Company 1962 129 https://archive.org/details/highinthincoldai00hill/page/n166/mode/1up 1314732 Our investigations were carried out almost exclusively among the Sherpa people living within thirty miles of Mount Everest. Tracks and sightings of the Yeti have been reported over a much wider area than this, but a large proportion of the more tangible evidence used in support of the Yeti theory comes from the region we examined. en P[ritamial] V[ijoyshanker] Bole Introduction 100 Himalayan Flowers New York, N.Y. The Vendome Press 30 December 1989 1991 8 https://archive.org/details/100himalayanflow00meht/page/8/mode/1up 978-0-86565-124-1 This abode of snow is the loftiest mountain range on earth. Its highest peak is the mighty Mount Everest. The Himalayas extend from Afghanistan in the east up to south-east Tibet, a distance of over 2,400 km in length and 250 to 400 km in breadth. Ankit Adhikari; Joanna Slater It's official: Mount Everest just got a little bit higher https://web.archive.org/web/20201208095559/https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/asia_pacific/mount-everest-height-nepal-china/2020/12/08/a7b3ad1e-389a-11eb-aad9-8959227280c4_story.html Asia & Pacific 8 December 2020 Nepal and China, the two countries that share a border on Mount Everest, announced a new official measurement of the mountain’s height on Tuesday: 8,848.86 meters, or 29,031.69 feet. Bhadra Sharma; Adam Skolnick The Queen of Everest trains while working at whole foods https://web.archive.org/web/20230131184020/https://www.nytimes.com/2023/01/31/sports/lhakpa-sherpa-everest.html Sports 31 January 2023 Lhakpa Sherpa has climbed Mount Everest 10 times, the most ascents ever by a woman. She has no plans of slowing down. Alternative forms en Everest Mt Everest Mt. Everest Synonyms historical en Peak XV from Mandarin Chinese en Zhumulangma, en Chu-mu-lang-ma, en Chumulangma Nepali en Sagarmatha PRC Tibetan, official en Qomolangma, en Qomolangma Feng Tibetan en Chomolungma, en Chomolangma Derived terms en Everest syndrome Everester Translations world’s highest mountain above sea level, located in the Himalayas Albanian: sq Mali Everest Amharic: am ኤቨረስት ተራራ Arabic: ar جَبَل إِفْرِسْت m, ar إِفْرِسْت m Egyptian Arabic: arz إڤريست m everest Armenian: hy Էվերեստ, hy Ջոմոլունգմա Assamese: as এভাৰেষ্ট শৃংগ Basque: eu Everest Belarusian: be Эвэрэст Bengali: bn মাউন্ট এভারেস্ট Bihari: bh सगरमाथा Bulgarian: bg Ѐверест m Chinese: Hakka: hak 珠穆朗瑪峰 Chû-mu̍k-lòng-mâ-fûng Hokkien: nan-hbl Chomolangma Hong Mandarin: cmn 珠穆朗瑪峰 Zhūmùlǎngmǎ-fēng, cmn 聖母峰 Shèngmǔ-fēng, cmn 額菲爾士峰 Éfěi'ěrshì-fēng, cmn 埃菲爾士峰 Āifěi'ěrshì-fēng, cmn 埃佛勒斯峰 Āifólèsī-fēng Czech: cs Everest, cs Čumulangma Dhivehi: dv އެވަރެސްޓް ފަރުބަދަ Dutch: nl Mount Everest m Esperanto: eo Ĉomolungmo, eo Everesto, eo Sagarmato Estonian: et Džomolungma Finnish: fi Mount Everest French: fr mont Everest m Galician: gl Monte Everest m Georgian: ka ევერესტი, ka ჯომოლუნგმა German: de Mount Everest m Greek: el Έβερεστ Hebrew: he אוורסט everest Hindi: hi माउंट एवरेस्ट, hi एवरेस्ट Hungarian: hu Csomolungma Icelandic: is Everestfjall Ido: io Monto Everest Indonesian: id Gunung Everest Italian: it monte Everest m Japanese: ja エベレスト Eberesuto, ja チョモランマ Chomoranma Khmer: km ភ្នំអេវើរេស Korean: ko ^에베레스트, ko ^주무랑마 Latin: la mons Everestis m Latvian: lv Everests Lithuanian: lt Džomolungma Macedonian: mk Монт Еверест m Malay: ms Gunung Everest Malayalam: ml എവറസ്റ്റ് കൊടുമുടി Marathi: mr एव्हरेस्ट Nepali: ne सगरमाथा Newar: new सगरमाथा अञ्चल Persian: fa کوه اورست Polish: pl Mount Everest m, pl Czomolungma f, pl Qomolangma f, pl Sagarmatha f, pl Szczyt XV m Portuguese: pt Monte Evereste m, pt Evereste m Quechua: qu Chomolungma Romanian: ro Everest, ro Ciomolungma dated Russian: ru Эвере́ст m, ru Джомолу́нгма f Scots: sco Moont Everest, sco Mount Everest Scottish Gaelic: gd Beinn Everest Serbo-Croatian: sh Монт Еверест m Spanish: es Monte Everest m Swahili: sw mlima Evarest Swedish: sv Mount Everest Tagalog: tl Bundok Everest Tamil: ta எவரெஸ்ட் சிகரம் Thai: th ยอดเขาเอเวอเรสต์ yôt kăo aywerrêt Tibetan: bo ཇོ་མོ་གླང་རི, bo ཇོ་མོ་གླང་མ Turkish: tr Everest Dağı Turkmen: tk Ewerest Ukrainian: uk Джомолунгма, uk Евере́ст Urdu: ur ماؤنٹ ایورسٹ Welsh: cy Mynydd Everest Noun en figurative An endeavor that is very demanding yet rewarding; also, something which is the highest achievement, challenge, etc.; the epitome, the pinnacle, the ultimate. en Thesaurus:apex en w:Edmund Gosse The Age of Elizabeth 1560–1610 A Short History of Modern English Literature London William Heinemann 1907 104 https://archive.org/details/modernenglishlit00gossrich/page/104/mode/1up 804851025 We stand on the colossal peak of King Lear, with Othello on our right hand and Macbeth on our left, the sublime masses of Elizabethan mountain country rolling on every side of us, yet plainly dominated by the extraordinary central cluster of aiguilles on which we have planted ourselves. This triple summit of the later tragedies of [William] Shakespeare forms the Mount Everest of the poetry of the world. en w:Rudolf Flesch How to Write Like a Pro A New Way to Better English Garden City, N.Y. Dolphin Books, Doubleday & Company 1958 102 https://archive.org/details/newwaytobetteren00fles/page/102/mode/1up 3570416 After this rather tricky problem let's climb the Mount Everest of all writing problems. I mean, of course, the world-famous, forbidding peak of U.S. income-tax prose. en w:Al McGuire Foreword They Were Number One: A History of the NCAA Basketball Tournament New York, N.Y. w:Leisure Press 1983 13 https://archive.org/details/theywerenumberon0000ster_w9w5/page/13/mode/1up 978-0-88011-122-5 Personally, as a coach, I always considered the NCAA Tournament to be the Mount Everest of basketball. Just to be asked to climb it was a compliment. Claire Sawers A journey from ballroom to battlefield https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/a-journey-from-ballroom-to-battlefield-pj9wdvfplc5 https://web.archive.org/web/20230320154731/https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/a-journey-from-ballroom-to-battlefield-pj9wdvfplc5 20 March 2023 17 January 2010 War and Peace is often seen as the Mount Everest of novels. A daunting door-stopper of a tome, at almost 1,500 pages, it is rarely finished. en Max Davidson Dean Jones Dean Jones: ‘Get Me a Real Australian’ Fields of Courage: The Bravest Chapters in Sport London Abacus, Little, Brown Book Group 2011 2012 95 https://archive.org/details/fieldsofcourageb0000davi_c3p7/page/95/mode/1up 978-0-349-12260-1 I lost seven kilos in the heat, but I needed to do it. I had to put myself through the wall to get where I needed to be. This was my Mount Everest. I had to climb it to prove to myself that I could compete at this level. But by gee, it was bloody hard work. w:Michael Dirda Library of Congress issues list of ‘Books that Shaped America’ http://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/style/library-of-congress-issues-list-of-books-that-shaped-america/2012/06/21/gJQACDMxtV_story.html https://web.archive.org/web/20241130233512/https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/style/library-of-congress-issues-list-of-books-that-shaped-america/2012/06/21/gJQACDMxtV_story.html 30 November 2024 Style 21 June 2012 Most great book lists concentrate on works of the highest literary or scholarly merit. Think of the Harvard Classics, Harold Bloom's "Western Canon," the Modern Library's selection of "the 100 best novels of the 20th century." Here, the compilers imply, are our cultural masterpieces, the Mount Everests and K2s all literate people should scale in their lifetime. en w:Kelly McGonigal A Meaningful Life Is a Stressful Life The Upside of Stress: Why Stress is Good for You (and How to Get Good at It) London Vermilion, Ebury Publishing 2015 86 https://archive.org/details/upsideofstresswh0000mcgo_i5b5/page/86/mode/1up 978-0-09-195526-7 Two weeks later, [Alia] Crum was lying awake in bed when his comment came back to her. "If you were climbing Everest, you can imagine it would be cold, and there'd be some nights it would be dark, and you'd be tired," Crum thought. "You'd be pretty miserable. But what did you expect? You're climbing Everest." At that time in her life, finishing her dissertation was her Mount Everest. She wasn't sure she would succeed. But that challenge was important enough to be worth weathering a few cold, dark nights. en David Salazar, interviewer w:Russell Thomas Q & A: Tenor Russell Thomas on His First ‘Otello’ & Historic Met ‘Bohème’ OperaWire https://web.archive.org/web/20181009094613/https://operawire.com/q-a-tenor-russell-thomas-on-his-first-otello-historic-met-boheme/ 4 October 2017 O[pera]W[ire]: Many see it as the Mount Everest of tenor roles. What made you feel ready to take it on at this moment in your life? And why with ASO [the American Symphony Orchestra]? / R[ussell] T[homas]: It definitely is the Mount Everest of tenor roles!! Tim Carman Can a chile pepper really cause an ‘incapacitating’ headache? https://web.archive.org/web/20221015164456/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/food/wp/2018/04/12/a-chile-pepper-as-dangerous-as-cocaine-researchers-disagree-on-the-effects-of-the-carolina-reaper/ 12 April 2018 To people of a certain disposition – thrill-seekers, daredevils, folks who never want to taste their food again – the Carolina Reaper is the Mount Everest of foodstuffs. It must be conquered. Patricia Leigh Brown Oyster shoreline at ‘Greater New York’ has a pearl of a message Art & Design https://web.archive.org/web/20211004180022/https://www.nytimes.com/2021/10/04/arts/design/alan-michelson-oysters-moma-ps1.html 4 October 2021 To get to Newtown Creek, a severely polluted New York City waterway and Superfund site once teeming with oyster beds, the Mohawk artist Alan Michelson wended his way past the detritus of industrial Queens – the garbage haulers, the taco truck parking lots, the Mount Everests of scrap metal and building debris being clawed by construction cranes. en Bob Wisener Steve Asmussen reaches 10,000 win mark at Oaklawn Racing Casino Resort w:Arkansas Democrat-Gazette https://web.archive.org/web/20230220223856/https://www.arkansasonline.com/news/2023/feb/20/steve-asmussen-reaches-10000-win-mark-at-oaklawn-racing-casino-resort/ Little Rock, Ark. Arkansas Democrat-Gazette, Inc. 20 February 2023 1060-4332 1091771231 Steve Asmussen reached the Mount Everest of horse racing Monday with his North American record 10,000th victory as a professional trainer. en Translations an endeavor that is very demanding yet rewarding Finnish: fi huippu Macedonian: mk Polish: pl szczyt m thing which is the highest achievement, challenge, etc. epitome pinnacle ultimate References Further reading en Everest, Mount Saul B[ernard] Cohen The Columbia Gazetteer of the World 2nd New York, N.Y. Columbia University Press 2008 1 1186 https://archive.org/details/columbiagazettee0000unse_l7h3/page/1186/mode/1up 1 978-0-231-14554-1. Mount Everest en eponyms noun-noun compound nouns Polish pl: thumb|Mount Everest Etymology pl :ubor en:Mount Everest + 1 Pronunciation 'mont 'e.we.rest,'małnt 'e.we.rest<a:hyperforeign> LL-Q809 (pol)-Poemat-Mount Everest.wav Proper noun m-in Mount Everest pl mountain range/Himalayas Mount Everest pl Czomolungma Declension s Further reading pl exonyms pl Places in China Places in Nepal