411 REFERENCE · Wiktionary
Bulgaria
Reference material by Wiktionary contributors. This retains its source identity and is not 411 news reporting.
Appendix:Variations of "bulgaria"
Translingual
thumb|Bulgaria inquinans species.
Etymology
Borrowed from mul la Bulgaria. mul Q15405 Swedish botanist 1822.
Proper noun
f 1
genus family Phacidiaceae bulgars; certain fungi
Derived terms
Neobulgaria genus
Descendants
be булга́рыя 1
fr bulgarie 1
en bulgar 1 bulgaria 1
uk булга́рія 1
References
Q3655997 1
mul Bulgaria Fungi
English
thumb|Bulgaria (in dark green) within Europe.
Etymology
en :der Bulgar -ia ++
From en la-med Bulgaria, equivalent to en Bulgar -ia place, in English used from the 16th century.
Pronunciation
en /bʌlˈɡɛəɹi.ə/ RP
en /bʌlˈɡɛːɹɪjə/ SSB
en LL-Q1860 (eng)-Soundguys-Bulgaria.wav Southern England
en US
en /bʌlˈɡɛə̯ɹi.ə/ /bʊl-/ /-ɡeɹ-/ nMmmm
en /bʌlˈɡɛɹi.ə/ /bʊl-/ Mmmm
en en-us-Bulgaria.ogg US,Mmmm /bʊl-/
en NZ
en /bɐlˈɡeə̯ɹi.ə/ non-near-square
en /bɐlˈɡiə̯ɹi.ə/ near-square
en /bʊlˈɡɛːɹi.ə/ Northern England
en /bʊlˈɡɜːɹɪ.ə/ Lancashire,fair-fur
en /bʌlˈɡeɾe.ə/ /-ɾɪ.ə/ /-ɾi.ə/ Scotland
en /bʊlˈɡɐɹjɐ/ Philippines
en ɛəɹi.ə 4
Proper noun
en Q219en country r/Southeastern Europe Republic of Bulgaria Sofia.
en Eliza Mackintosh No more excuses on resettling refugees, European Commission warns w:CNN https://www.cnn.com/2017/03/02/europe/european-countries-not-meeting-refugee-resettling-obligations/index.html 2017-03-02 Hungary, Austria and Poland are still refusing to participate in the resettlement plan, due to end in September. Other Eastern European countries, such as the Czech Republic, Bulgaria, Croatia and Slovakia, are only doing so on a limited basis, the commission said. https://web.archive.org/web/20180125011850/https://www.cnn.com/2017/03/02/europe/european-countries-not-meeting-refugee-resettling-obligations/index.html
Derived terms
en Bulgarian Bulgarism Bulgarophone Kingdom of Bulgaria
Translations
Q219 country
Abkhaz: ab Былгариа, ab Болгартәыла
Acehnese: ace Bulgaria
Afrikaans: af Bulgarye
Albanian: sq Bullgari f indefinite, sq Bullgaria f definite
Amharic: am ቡልጋሪያ
Arabic: ar بُلْغَارِيَا f or ar بَلْغَارْيَا f
Hijazi Arabic: acw بلغاريا f balḡārya or bulḡārya
Aramaic:
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: aii ܒܘܼܠܓܵܪܝܼܵܐ bulgariya f
Armenian: hy Բուլղարիա
Aromanian: rup Bulgãrii, rup Bulgãrie, rup Vurgarii, rup Vurgãrii, rup Vurgãrie, rup Vãryãrii, rup Vãryãrie, feminine indefinite, rup Bulgãria, rup Vurgaria, rup Vurgãria, rup Vãryãria, feminine definite
Assamese: as বুলগেৰিয়া
Asturian: ast Bulgaria f
Azerbaijani: az Bolqarıstan
Bashkir: ba Болгария
Basque: eu Bulgaria
Belarusian: be Балга́рыя f, be Баўга́рыя f
Bengali: bn বুলগেরিয়া
Breton: br Bulgaria
Bulgarian: bg Бълга́рия f
Burmese: my ဘူဂေးရီးယား
Carpathian Rusyn: rue Булга́рія f
Catalan: ca Bulgària f
Chechen: ce Болгари
Cherokee: chr ᏊᎵᎨᎵᎠ
Chinese:
Cantonese: yue 保加利亞
Hokkien: nan-hbl 保加利亞 Pó-ka-lī-a / Pó-kee-lī-a
Mandarin: cmn 保加利亞
Chuvash: cv Болгари, cv Пӑлхарӗ
Circassian:
West Circassian: ady Булгарие
Crimean Tatar: crh Bulğaristan
Czech: cs Bulharsko n
Danish: da Bulgarien
Dhivehi: dv ބަލްގޭރިއާ
Dutch: nl Bulgarije n
Esperanto: eo Bulgario, eo Bulgarujo
Estonian: et Bulgaaria
Faroese: fo Bulgaria n
Finnish: fi Bulgaria
French: fr Bulgarie f
Galician: gl Bulgaria f
Georgian: ka ბულგარეთი
German: de Bulgarien n
Greek: el Βουλγαρία f
Ancient Greek: grc
Gujarati: gu બલ્ગેરિયા
Hausa: ha Bulgeriya
Hawaiian: haw Pulukalia
Hebrew: he בּוּלְגַּרְיָה f bulgárya
Hindi: hi बुल्गारिया m
Hungarian: hu Bulgária
Icelandic: is Búlgaría f
Ido: io Bulgaria
Igbo: ig Bulgaria
Indonesian: id Bulgaria
Interlingua: ia Bulgaria
Irish: ga Bulgáir f An Bhulgáir, ga Poblacht na Bulgáire f
Italian: it Bulgaria f
Japanese: ja ブルガリア Burugaria
Kalenjin: kln Bulgaria
Kamba: kam Bulgaria
Kannada: kn ಬಲ್ಗೇರಿಯ
Karakalpak: kaa Bolgariya
Kazakh: kk Болғария, kk Бұлғарстан, kk Бұлғария, kk Болгария
Khmer: km ប៊ុលហ្គារី
Kikuyu: ki Bulgaria
Korean: ko ^불가리아, ko ^벌가리아 North Korea
Kyrgyz: ky Болгария
Ladin: lld
Ladino: lad Bulgaria
Lao: lo ບຸນກາຣີ, lo ບູນກາລີ
Latin: la Bulgaria f
Latvian: lv Bulgārija f
Limburgish: li Bölgerië
Lithuanian: lt Bulgarija f
Livonian: liv Bulgārij
Luhya: luy Bulgaria
Luo: luo Bulgaria
Macedonian: mk Буга́рија f
Malay: ms Bulgaria
Malayalam: ml ബൾഗേറിയ
Maltese: il-mt Bulgarija
Manx: gv Bulgeyr f Yn Vulgeyr
Māori: mi Purukāria
Marathi: mr बल्गेरिया
Meru: mer Bulgaria
Mongolian:
Cyrillic: mn Болгар
Mongolian script: mn ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠷ, mn ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠ China
Navajo: nv Ditsʼozí Daʼalzhishii Bikéyah
Norman: nrf Bulgarie f
Norwegian:
Bokmål: nb Bulgaria
Nynorsk: nn Bulgaria n
Occitan: oc Bulgaria f
Odia: or ବୁଲଗେରିଆ
Old Church Slavonic:
Cyrillic: cu Блъгарїꙗ f modern
Old Norse: non Bolgaraland n
Ossetian: os Болгари
Pannonian Rusyn: rsk Болгарска f
Pashto: ps بلغاريه f bulǧārya, ps بلغاريا f bolǧāryā, ps بلغارستان m bolǧāristān
Persian:
Dari: prs بُلْغَارِسْتَان, prs بُلْغَارِیَا
Iranian Persian: fa-ira بُلْغارِسْتان
Polish: pl Bułgaria f
Portuguese: pt Bulgária f
Quechua: qu Bulgarya
Romanian: ro Bulgaria f
Russian: ru Болга́рия f
Sami:
Northern Sami: se Bulgária
Scots: sco Bulgarie
Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic: sh Бу̏гарска f
Latin: sh Bȕgarska f
Sicilian: scn Bulgarìa f
Silesian: szl Bułgaryjo f
Sinhalese: si බල්ගේරියාව
Slovak: sk Bulharsko n
Slovene: sl Bolgárija f
Sorbian:
Lower Sorbian: dsb Bulgarska f
Upper Sorbian: hsb Bołharska f
Spanish: es Bulgaria f
Swahili: sw Bulgaria
Swedish: sv Bulgarien n
Tagalog: tl Bulgarya
Tajik: tg Булғористон
Tamil: ta பல்காரியா, ta பல்கேரியா
Tatar: tt Болгария
Telugu: te బల్గేరియా
Thai: th บัลแกเรีย
Tibetan: bo པུ་ར་ག་རི་ཡ
Tigrinya: ti ቡልጋርያ
Turkish: tr Bulgaristan
Turkmen: tk Bolgariýa
Ubykh: uby Былгаршәабла
Ukrainian: uk Болга́рія f, uk Болґа́рія f rare, uk Болга́рщина f
Urdu: ur بُلْغارِیَہ m, ur بُلْغارِسْتان m
Uyghur: ug بۇلغارىيە
Uzbek: uz Bolgariya
Veps: vep Bolgarii
Vietnamese: vi Bun-ga-ri, vi Bảo Gia Lợi dated
Volapük: vo Bulgarän
Võro: vro Bulgaaria
Votic: vot
Yakut: sah Болгария
Yiddish: yi בולגאַריע f
Yoruba: yo Bọ̀géríà
Zazaki: zza Bulğarıstan Southern Zazaki
See also
Further reading
Acehnese
ace:
Proper noun
ace proper noun
ace Bulgaria Q219
Asturian
ast:
Pronunciation
Proper noun
f
ast Bulgaria Q219
Related terms
ast búlgaru
Basque
eu:
Pronunciation
+<audio:LL-Q8752 (eus)-Xabier Cañas-Bulgaria.wav>
Proper noun
in
eu Bulgaria Q219
Declension
in.pr
Derived terms
eu bulgariar<t:Bulgarian> bulgariera<t:Bulgarian language>
See also
Further reading
38
Faroese
fo:
Pronunciation
fo [pʊlˈkaːri.a]
Proper noun
fo proper noun n
fo Bulgaria Q219
Declension
Bulgari
Finnish
fi:
Etymology
From fi la-med Bulgaria.
Pronunciation
bulga(:)ria
Proper noun
fi Bulgaria Q219
Declension
sg Bulgari a
Derived terms
fi bulgaria bulgarialainen
fi compounds bulgarianajokoira
See also
Anagrams
fi aabgilru bulgaari
Galician
Alternative forms
gl Bulgária reintegrationist
Pronunciation
gl Gl-Bulgaria.ogg
Proper noun
f
gl Bulgaria Q219
Related terms
gl búlgaro
Ido
io:
Pronunciation
Proper noun
io proper noun
io Bulgaria Q219
See also
Indonesian
id:
Etymology
id la-med Bulgaria.
Pronunciation
0
Proper noun
id proper noun
id Bulgaria Q219
Adjective
Bulgarian
See also
Further reading
id Rhymes:Indonesian/ia Rhymes:Indonesian/ia/4 syllables
Italian
it:
Pronunciation
Bulgarìa<audio:It-Bulgaria.ogg>
Proper noun
f
it Bulgaria Q219
Related terms
it bulgaro
See also
Latin
la:
Etymology
la :af Bulgarus<ety:bor<cu:блъгаринъ>> -ia + +
Proper noun
Bulgaria<1>
la Medieval Latin New Latin la Bulgaria Q219
Declension
Bulgaria<1>
Related terms
la Bulgarus adjective
la Bulgari m-p
Descendants
ka ბულგარეთი 1
mul Bulgaria 1
Norwegian Bokmål
no
thumb|The Bulgarian flag flying above the Largo in central Sofia.
thumb|Bulgaria in Europe.
Etymology
nb, based on nb la Bulgaria, a Medieval Latin formation from the ethnonym represented by la Bulgarus Bulgar and la -ia country-forming suffix. The country is named after the Bulgars, a Turkic-speaking people who established the first Bulgarian state in the Balkans in the late seventh century.
The origin of the ethnonym is disputed. A widespread proposal derives it from nb trk-pro *bulgar, from trk-pro *bulga- to stir, mix, perhaps originally meaning “mixed people” or “rebels”, but this interpretation is not universally accepted.
Compare da Bulgarien, sv Bulgarien, de Bulgarien, nl Bulgarije, fr Bulgarie and en Bulgaria.
Pronunciation
nb /¹bʉlˈɡɑː.ri.a/ [bʉlˈɡɑ̀ː.ɾɪ.ɑ̌]
nb ɑːria 4
nb Bul ga ri a
Proper noun
nb proper noun
Bulgaria; nb country r/Southeast Europe cont/Europe, with Sofia as its capital
nb Vi reiste gjennom Bulgaria på vei til Svartehavet. We travelled through Bulgaria on our way to the Black Sea.
nb 2026-06-25 Nils Petter Thuesen and Sten Lundbo Bulgaria Store norske leksikon https://snl.no/Bulgaria Bulgaria er et land i det sørøstlige Europa. Bulgaria is a country in southeastern Europe. https://web.archive.org/web/20260921044128/https://snl.no/Bulgaria 21 September 2026
Usage notes
The official Norwegian long-form name is Republikken Bulgaria (“the Republic of Bulgaria”).
Derived terms
nb bulgarer Bulgarian person
nb bulgarsk Bulgarian; Bulgarian language
nb bulgarisk Bulgarian obsolete
See also
References
“Bulgaria” in Store norske leksikon
“Navn på stater” by the Language Council of Norway
Ole Michael Selberg, Uttaleordbok
nb exonyms
Norwegian Nynorsk
nn:
Proper noun
nn proper noun
nn Bulgaria Q219
Related terms
nn bulgar, nn bulgarar
nn bulgarsk
Occitan
oc:
Proper noun
f
oc Bulgaria Q219
Related terms
oc bulgar
Romanian
ro:
Etymology
From ro bulgar -ia.
The neighbourhood takes its name from having been settled by Bulgarians.
Pronunciation
ro /bulˈɡa.ri.a/ prescriptive /bulˈɡa.rja/ most common
ro LL-Q7913 (ron)-KlaudiuMihaila-Bulgaria.wav
Proper noun
f
ro Bulgaria Q219
ro neighbourhood city/Cluj-Napoca co/Cluj c/Romania
Declension
Bulgari sg
Related terms
ro bulgară
ro bulgăresc
See also
Sardinian
sc:
Proper noun
sc Bulgaria Q219
Spanish
es:
Pronunciation
+<audio:LL-Q1321 (spa)-Rodelar-Bulgaria.wav<a:Spain>>
Proper noun
f
es Bulgaria Q219
Related terms
es búlgaro búlgara
See also