-w

Appendix:Variations of "w" Egyptian Etymology 1 Possibly derived from a lengthened form of egy afa-pro *-u nominative case marker. Pronunciation -_u aːw,w<note:, sometimes with ablaut; specific nouns used either one form of the suffix, the other, or both in free variation> aːw,w<note:, as in Old Egyptian> (ə),ʔ<note:respectively, but egy /w/ in consonant stem nouns (often metathesized to precede the preceding consonant), all sometimes with ablaut or further changes; regularity is lost> Suffix w Used to form the masculine plural forms of nouns and adjectives Usage notes The plural may also be represented by writing the phonetic or determinative glyph three times, (e.g. egy tꜣw: N16:N16:N16) or with three strokes (Z2). Derived terms egy -wj -wt See also egy 𓅱 Etymology 2 From egy afa-pro *-u nominative case marker. Pronunciation -_u w w (w)<note:usually lost, but egy /w/ after a stressed vowel> Suffix w Forms a-stem masculine nouns from roots. egy ḥfꜣ- → egy ḥfꜣw (male) snake Forms u-stem masculine nouns from roots. egy hrw- → egy hrw hrw(w) day Usage notes In good orthography, egy -w is written with a-stem nouns but left unwritten with u-stem nouns, hence egy hrww, egy rꜥw are written egy hrw, egy rꜥ. Etymology 3 Suffix w Forms agent nouns from verbs. Etymology 4 Suffix w Forms adverbs from certain adjectives; -ly Forms prepositional adverbs from certain prepositions. Etymology 5 Suffix w Forms the negatival complement of all verbs except geminate and anomalous verbs. Usage notes Often this ending is entirely omitted. Etymology 6 Suffix w Forms the prospective of all verbs except second geminate, strong bi- and triliteral, and (usually) anomalous verbs. Forms the prospective passive of all verbs except fourth weak, strong bi- and triliteral, and (usually) anomalous verbs. Forms the perfect passive of all verbs except second geminate verbs. Usage notes Often this ending is entirely omitted. Alternative forms i-i -y chiefly in weak verbs Etymology 7 Suffix w Optionally marks the masculine singular imperfective passive participle, intervening between the stem and the gender/number endings. Optionally marks the masculine singular imperfective relative form of all verbs, intervening between the stem and the gender/number endings. Alternative forms W -w i-i -y relative form only; rare Etymology 8 Suffix w Optionally marks the masculine singular perfective passive participle of strong verbs, intervening between the stem and the gender/number endings. Alternative forms W -w i-i -y References 328–329, 354, etc. 58–59, 251 Fwe Suffix fwe suffix marks the passive voice Usage notes This suffix follows the verb stem and comes immediately before the finite verb suffix fwe -a If -w appears with a vowel, it is always realized as fwe -iw, never undergoing vowel harmony In Zambian Fwe, the suffix appears as -w after another derivational suffix, and as -iw elsewhere; in Namibian Fwe, the two forms are in free variation, except directly after a monosyllabic verb stem, in which case both lects always have -iw. References 224 Mokilese Suffix mkj suffix Classifier suffix used to form general numerals Derived terms mkj Welsh Pronunciation cy /u/ Suffix cy suffix used to form pet names cy Megan Begw cy Ann Nanw cy Siân Sianw Derived terms cy