411 REFERENCE · Wiktionary
-𐌽𐌳𐍃
Reference material by Wiktionary contributors. This retains its source identity and is not 411 news reporting.
Gothic
Alternative forms
got -𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃
got -𐍉𐌽𐌳𐍃
Etymology
From got gem-pro *-ndz. Cognate with nl -end, en -ing, de -end, la -ēns, grc -ων, sa -अन्त्.
Suffix
-ing. Forms present participles from verbs.
-er. Forms agent nouns from verbs. Identical in form and meaning, but not in declension, to the present participle.
Usage notes
In both cases, the suffix is always attached to the thematic vowel of the verb; thus, this suffix always manifests either as got -𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 and got -𐍉𐌽𐌳𐍃. These are used when the infinitive ends in got -𐌰𐌽 and got -𐍉𐌽 respectively.
Sometimes, apparent participles are attested which do not seem to have been formed via an extant verb but rather through the direct combination of various words plus this suffix into an adjective which resembles a participle in form and meaning; e.g. got 𐌱𐌻𐍉𐌸𐌰𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃, got 𐌿𐌽𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃.
Declension
Participle:
-𐌽𐌳
Noun:
-𐌽𐌳
Derived terms
got -𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃
got -𐍉𐌽𐌳𐍃