-ende

Appendix:Variations of "ende" Afrikaans Etymology af :inh nl:-ende<ety:der<gem-pro:*-ndz>> From af nl -ende, ultimately from af gem-pro *-ndz. Suffix af suffix af equivalent of en -ing 1; suffix for present participle terms Derived terms af Danish Etymology 1 da -ing :inh gmq-oda:-ændæ<ety:inh<non:-andi<id:participle>>> From da gmq-oda -ændæ, from da non -andi, from da gem-pro *-andz, from da ine-pro *-onts. Suffix da equivalent of en -ing 1; suffix for present participle terms da used to form [nouns] from certain (possibly no longer existing) [verbs] da -else -ing Declension da noun Derived terms da -ing Etymology 2 da -(e)th :inh gem-pro:*-dô From da gem-pro *-dô, cognate with en -th ordinal. The da -n- is generalized from those stems that ended in da -n originally, e.g. da tiende ti-ende from gem-pro *tehundô *tehun-dô. Suffix da equivalent of en -th//-eth 1; suffix for ordinal numbers Declension da adjective Derived terms da -(e)th Derived terms da References German Suffix de suffix form -end Middle English Suffix enm suffix 1 enm especially <<early>> or <<Norfolk>> enm -ynge present participle present participle Norwegian Bokmål Pronunciation nb /ənə/ nb ənə 2 nb -en de Etymology 1 nb non -andi present-participle ending, from nb gem-pro *-andz present-participle suffix, ultimately from nb ine-pro *-nt- present-participle suffix. The intensifying adverbial use also continues or was formed after Old Norse formations in -andi, -endi, -indi and -yndi. Compare nn -ande, da -ende, sv -ande and sv -ende, is -andi and fo -andi present-participle suffix. Suffix nb suffix An inflectional suffix forming the present participle of a verb, broadly corresponding to English en -ing. nb skrive to write → nb skrivende writing nb gå to go, walk → nb gående going, walking nb Han kom løpende mot meg. He came running towards me. Forming indeclinable adjectives from verbs, often describing an ongoing or characteristic action, behaviour, condition, or effect. nb bebreide to reproach → nb bebreidende reproachful nb dekke to cover; suffice → nb dekkende covering; adequate nb svekke to weaken → nb svekkende debilitating, weakening Forming or occurring in intensifying adverbs meaning “very”, “extremely” or “completely”, often after the pattern of present participles. nb bek -ende pitch, tar intensifying suffix → nb bekende pitch-black; completely nb Det var bekende mørkt. It was pitch-dark. nb Hun er drivende flink. She is extremely capable. nb Det var isende kaldt. It was bitterly cold. Usage notes The present participle is formed from the verbal stem. With verbs ending in unstressed -e, that vowel is removed before nb -ende: nb kaste to throw → nb kastende throwing. With other verbs, the ending is added without such removal: nb gå to go → nb gående going. Present participles are indeclinable and have the same form regardless of gender, number or definiteness: en sovende mann, et sovende barn, sovende barn. Despite its traditional name, the present participle does not independently mark present tense. It generally describes an action or condition occurring at the same time as that expressed by the finite verb. Present participles can be used attributively, predicatively or adverbially: en smilende gutt (“a smiling boy”), hun virker truende (“she seems threatening”), han kom løpende (“he came running”). Some forms have developed lexicalized adjectival meanings which cannot always be understood solely as an ongoing action, such as nb spennende exciting, nb dekkende adequate and nb tiltalende appealing. The ⟨d⟩ is normally silent, and the ending is pronounced /ənə/. Present participles can consequently be homophonous with definite plural noun forms ending in nb -ene, for example nb spottende and nb spottene. The intensifying use is limited to established formations and is not freely productive. Etymology 2 Largely from substantivization of words and phrases containing the participial ending in Etymology 1. Some formations have separate histories; nb vitende knowledge, awareness, for example, reflects Danish da vidende, influenced by Middle Low German inflected infinitival forms ending in -ent and -endes. Compare da -ende noun-forming ending. Suffix nb suffix Forming neuter nouns from verbs, adjectives or nouns, often denoting a state, circumstance, appearance, knowledge, concern, or something pending or outstanding. nb mellomværende outstanding account, matter or dispute nb utseende appearance nb vitende knowledge, awareness Usage notes This noun-forming use is chiefly found in established, lexicalized formations and is not freely productive. Many such nouns originated through the substantivization of a participle or participial phrase, but individual words may have been borrowed or modelled on Danish, Low German or German formations. Nouns formed with this ending are normally neuter, as in et utseende and et mellomværende. Derived terms nb forehavende intention, undertaking nb illebefinnende sudden illness, indisposition nb mellomværende outstanding account, matter or dispute nb utseende appearance nb velbefinnende well-being nb vitende knowledge, awareness Etymology 3 From the endings of Old Norse ordinal forms such as non níundi ninth, non tíundi tenth and non þrettándi thirteenth, ultimately containing the Proto-Germanic ordinal suffix gem-pro *-dô. The preceding n became associated with and generalized as part of the ending in later formations. Compare nn -ande, da -ende and sv -onde ordinal-forming suffix. Suffix nb suffix Forming indeclinable ordinal adjectives from certain cardinal numerals, corresponding broadly to English en -th. nb ni nine → nb niende ninth nb fjorten fourteen → nb fjortende fourteenth nb tretti thirty → nb trettiende thirtieth Usage notes Ordinals in nb -ende are indeclinable: den niende dagen, det niende året, de niende plassene. With numerals ending in -ten, the final -en is replaced by nb -ende: nb tretten thirteen → nb trettende thirteenth, nb fjorten fourteen → nb fjortende fourteenth. Other bases may undergo smaller spelling adjustments, as in nb åtte eight → nb åttende eighth and nb tjue twenty → nb tjuende twentieth. This ordinal-forming suffix is etymologically distinct from the identically spelled present-participle suffix in Etymology 1. Derived terms nb sjuende seventh nb åttende eighth nb niende ninth nb tiende tenth nb trettende thirteenth nb fjortende fourteenth nb tjuende twentieth nb trettiende thirtieth References -ende bekende vitende “bøying – grammatikk”, Store norske leksikon. Old English Pronunciation -ende ang -en de Etymology 1 ang participle :inh gmw-pro:*-andī<ety:inh<gem-pro:*-ndz<alt:*-andz>>> From ang gmw-pro *-andī, from ang gem-pro *-andz. Akin to la -āns, la -ēns; grc -ων, fa ـنده -ande. Suffix part 1 forms present participles; -ing ang feallende snāw falling snow Declension -ende Derived terms ang participle Descendants enm -ynge present participle Etymology 2 ang neuter nouns :inh gem-pro:*-andiją From ang gem-pro *-andiją. Compare non -indi. Suffix n forms neuter nouns ang swǣsende<t:food, victuals, flattery, blandishment> Usage notes Frequently used in the plural ang -endu. Declension -end Derived terms ang neuter nouns Etymology 3 See ang -anne. Suffix verbf 1 ang -enne; forms the inflected infinitive Derived terms ang Further reading Joseph Bosworth Thomas Northcote Toller An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary 1898 Oxford Clarendon Press s.v. “-ende” 250/2 https://archive.org/details/anglosaxondictio00bosw/page/250/mode/1up Swedish Etymology sv :inh gem-pro:*-ndz<alt:*-andz> From sv gem-pro *-andz. Suffix sv suffix inflectional suffixes sv present-participle suffix en -ing participial; added to verbs that do not end with an unstressed -a to form the present participle sv -ande sv tro<t:to believe> troende<t:believing> sv klä<t:to dress> kläende<t:dressing> Derived terms sv Anagrams sv deen Eden eden