-an

Appendix:Variations of "an" English Alternative forms en -ian euphonic variant, also spelled -aean or -æan en -n when added to a word ending in a Etymology en adjectival :inh enm:-an<ety:der<fro:-ain>> 1 From en enm -an, regularly enm -ain, enm -ein, enm -en, from en fro -ain, fro -ein, or before i, fro -en (modern fr -ain, fr -en, feminine fr -aine, fr -enne), from en la -ānus (feminine la -āna), which forms adjectives of belonging or origin from a noun, being la -nus [cognate with grc -νος] preceded by a vowel, from en ine-pro *-nós. Cognate with en -en. Compare with en -in, en -ine. Pronunciation en /ən/ SSB Suffix s en pertaining to Of or pertaining to; an adjectival suffix appended to various words, often nouns, to make an adjective form. Often added to words of Latin origin, but also used with words of other origins. When a word ends in a, en -n is used instead. en -al -ar -ese -esque -ic -id -ish -like -oid -ous -y en Rome Roman One from, belonging to, relating to, or like. en occupation Appended to nouns to form an occupation. When males with a profession are distinguished from females, males are -an, females -(i)enne. en comedy comedian en history historian en polysaccharide suffix Appended to words indicating sugars to form a polysaccharide. en glucose glucan en dextrose dextran Derived terms en Translations of or pertaining to Arabic: ar ـِيّ Catalan: ca -à Czech: cs -ský Finnish: fi -lainen, fi -läinen Galician: gl -an m, gl -á f German: de -isch Hungarian: hu -i, hu -s Ido: io -an- Interlingua: ia -an Italian: it -ano Latin: la -ānus Portuguese: pt -ão m, pt -ano m, pt -ana f Spanish: es -ano Swedish: sv -sk, sv -isk, occupational suffix Hungarian: hu -ász, hu -ész, hu -ikus Interlingua: ia -ano m, ia -ana f Anagrams en an n.a. NA -na N/A N.A. n/a Na na Azerbaijani Etymology az trk-oat, from az trk-pro *-gan. Suffix an ən y az suffix form Postconsonantal form of az -ən after the vowels A / I / O / U. Cebuano Alternative forms ceb -han Etymology ceb suffix :inh phi-pro:*-an<id:suffix> From ceb phi-pro *-an, from ceb poz-pro *-an, from ceb map-pro *-an. Pronunciation Suffix ceb suffix verb-forming suffix inchoative gi- -an contemplative -an imperative -i negative -i locative trigger verb suffix; to do at, in, on a place ceb Palitan nako ang tindahan og kendi I will buy candy at the store store is focused. directive verb suffix; to do at, towards someone ceb Gikataw-an niya ang lalaki He laughed at the man partitive verb suffix; to do to a part of something ceb Gikuhaan niyag gamay ang keyk He took a little of the cake. benefactive trigger verb suffix; to do something for someone/something else ceb Palitan nako ang bata og keyk I will buy cake for the child child is focused. causative verb affix; to do because of, due to ceb Unsay gihilakan nimo? What is it you are crying about? ceb with adjective bases to consider something as ceb Lisoran siya magtinagalog He finds speaking in Tagalog hard ceb with noun bases to put something on someone; to give someone ceb Serohan ta ka I will give you a zero ceb Sapatosan nako ang bata I will put shoes on the child Derived terms ceb ma- -an mag- -an tig- -an pag- -an paga- -an ka- -an kina- -an gin- -an Suffix ceb suffix noun-forming suffix ceb added to nouns and verbs indicates a place where such objects are found, placed, or action done ceb -anan ka- -an ceb humay rice humayan rice paddy ceb tinda to sell tindahan store ceb tuba palm toddy tubaan place where toddy is sold ceb basketbol basketbolan basketball court ceb uncommon indicates an object used as an instrument ceb pang- ceb baid to sharpen bairan whetstone Suffix ceb suffix adjective-forming suffix ceb added to nouns characterized by having something in abundance; -ful ceb utok brain utokan brainy ceb kuwarta money kuwartahan rich ceb uncommon added to adjectives or verbs characterized by being or doing such; -ly ceb -on -anon ceb talaw to back off talawan cowardly ceb langas moving about a lot langasan same meaning Derived terms ceb -in- -an References 41 Central Bikol Etymology From bcl phi-pro *-an, from bcl poz-pro *-an, from bcl map-pro *-an. Suffix bcl suffix a place where a large quantity of the thing meant by the root is put, planted, or can be found bcl basura trash basurahan trash can a place where the action expressed by the root is performed bcl kawat play kawatan playground Chuukese Suffix chk suffix chk added to possessive nouns his, hers, its Related terms Cimbrian Etymology From cim gmh -en, a merger of various terminations in cim goh - reflecting different conjugational patterns, namely goh -an, goh -ōn, goh -en (goh -ien), and goh -nen, from cim gem-pro *-aną, gem-pro *-ōną, gem-pro *-janą, gem-pro *-āną, and gem-pro *-naną. Cognate with de -en. Suffix cim suffix A suffix of all verbs in their infinitive form. Cornish Etymology From kw cel-pro *-agnos. Cognate with cy -an. Suffix kw suffix diminutive suffix Derived terms kw Czech Etymology cs :inh zlw-ocs:-ěnín + 1 Pronunciation Suffix m-an -anka forms nouns, including inhabitant names Derived terms cs Further reading Danish Etymology Ultimately from da la -anus. Suffix da suffix en -an; making a noun, describing a person or characteristic da human da sopran da organic compound suffix used for acyclic saturated hydrocarbons (methane, ethane, etc.). References Finnish Etymology 1 From earlier fi -han impersonal ending, fi -hVn now dialectal, from fi urj-fin-pro *-hën, urj-fin-pro *-sën passive or reflexive suffix, the same as the third-person singular possessive suffix (see the possessive suffix entry on fi -Vn illative). Initial fi -ta- is from the passive marker urj-fin-pro *-tta-. Suffix inflectional än fi personal Forms the impersonal indicative present forms of verbs, appended to the first infinitive. Usage notes Attached to the passive verb stem. Etymology 2 See fi -Vn illative illative suffix. Suffix inflectional än fi -Vn one illative illative case ending fi laiva laivaan Etymology 3 fi possessive See fi -Vn possessive possessive suffix. Suffix inflectional än fi possessive A variant for the third-person suffix fi -nsa. Usage notes See the usage notes under fi -Vn possessive and fi -nsa. Anagrams fi an -na fi case suffixes personal suffixes possessive suffix variants French Pronunciation fr LL-Q150 (fra)-Jérémy-Günther-Heinz Jähnick--an.wav <<France>> (<<Somain>>) Suffix m + m + fr -ain Derived terms fr Fula Affix ff affix ff Pulaar indicates that the subject is doing the verb for someone or something ff defde defande to cook to cook for someone References German Etymology de :der la:-ānus From de la -ānus. Pronunciation de /aːn/ Suffix de suffix noun-forming suffixes n genitive -ans plural -ane de hydrocarbon chain suffix en -ane Related terms de Alkan de -en de -in de -yl Hiligaynon Etymology hil :inh phi-pro:*-an + + Suffix suffix used to form place names hil tigbaw<t:common reed> Tigbauan<t:the place where there is common reed> hil balas<t:sand> Balasan<t:the place where there is sand> used to form adjectives Hungarian Pronunciation hu ɒn 1 Etymology 1 hu Suffix hu suffix hu adverb hu deadjectival adverb-forming suffix Added to an adjective to create an adverb. However, it cannot be added to adjectives suffixed with hu -i, -beli, -nyi, -tlan -talan, -atlan. hu pontos accurate pontosan accurately hu number hu denumeral and depronominal adverb-forming suffix Added to a numeral or a pronoun with this sense to create an adverb, expressing the number of people. hu hat six hatan six people, six of us/you/them hu Hatan mentünk moziba. Six of us went to the cinema. hu nyolc eight nyolcan eight people, eight of us/you/them hu Nyolcan vannak a szobában. There are eight people in the room. hu hány how many hányan how many (of us/you/them) hu néhány some, a few néhányan some (of us/you/them) hu sok many sokan many (of us/you/them) hu Sokan vannak a meghívottak, de kevesen a választottak. For many are called, but few are chosen. hu millió million millióan a million (of us/you/them) Usage notes Derived terms hu adverb Hungarian adverbs suffixed with -an (number) Etymology 2 hu Suffix hu suffix hu verb hu verb-forming suffix Added to a stem ― often an onomatopoeia ― to form a verb expressing an instantaneous action. hu kattan to click, to make one clicking sound hu robban to explode Usage notes verb-forming suffix Variants: hu -on verb is added to some back-vowel words hu -an verb is added to back-vowel words hu -en verb is added to front-vowel words Derived terms hu verb See also Appendix:Hungarian suffixes Further reading suffix of the adverb of number , p. 189 (p. 204 in the PDF) hu terms with multiple lemma etymologies terms with multiple morpheme etymologies Ilocano Etymology ilo :inh phi-pro:*-an + 1 Suffix ilo affix perfective -in- -an past progressive CinVC- -an progressive CVC- -an future -anto potentive ma- -an ilo verb-forming suffix specifies directional focus denotes an action performed by the actor on behalf of someone else (in focused object position) sometimes used to express augmentation or diminishment sometimes specifies human patient, as opposed to ilo -en used to express payment or offering may indicate that something is earned by the action Suffix ilo affix ilo of body parts used to denote existence or unusual size used to name species for their renowned large body part Suffix ilo affix ilo nominalizing suffix used for instrumental purposes used for finite verbs; forms aspectual gerunds used for denoting occupation; forms agentive nouns Derived terms ilo Related terms ilo CV- -an CVC- -an References 37-38 Indonesian Pronunciation an Etymology 1 id :inh ms:-an<id:suffix> From id ms -an, from id poz-mly-pro *-an, from id poz-pro *-an, from id map-pro *-an. en -ant, -and, and ar ان adjective forming suffix. Suffix id suffix noun-forming suffixes added to a noun suffix for collectivity id laut sea lautan ocean suffix for place id pangkal origin pangkalan base suffix for value id ribu thousand ribuan suffix for measurement result; -s id kilo kilo kiloan id colloquial -s; suffix for quantity (about value) id ratus hundred ratusan hundreds -ly, specifying time intervals, having the sense of "occurring at such intervals" id hari day harian daily added to a verb to create a noun suffix for object id makan to eat makanan food suffix for place id kubur to bury kuburan grave suffix for result id didik to educate didikan suffix for tool id timbang to weigh timbangan balance suffix for way or method id pimpin to lead pimpinan leader added to an adjective to create a noun suffix for having property id asin salty asinan pickle id colloquial suffix for intensity (quality or quantity) id tinggi high tinggian higher suffix for similarity Etymology 2 id jv -ꦲꦤ꧀. Suffix id suffix noun-forming suffixes verb-forming id ber- id colloquial to use of [base] id sepeda bicycle sepedaan to ride a bicycle id colloquial to hold or to have [base] id selamat safe selamatan to celebrate with offerings to the spirits to assure safety id rujak a kind of salad rujakan to have rujak to be eaten or made id colloquial to do as indicated by the [base] id sendiri alone sendirian by oneself noun-forming id colloquial the location of [base] id sekolah school sekolahan school complex id colloquial the cost of [base] id becak rickshaw becakan rickshaw fare id colloquial [base]-usage id sepeda bicycle sepedaan bicycle-riding id colloquial event of [base] id selamat safe selamatan celebration with offerings to the spirits to assure safety id rujak a kind of salad rujakan rujak eating or production id susu milk susuan breast-feeding period Etymology 3 id jv -ꦲꦼꦤ꧀. Suffix id suffix noun-forming suffixes id colloquial suffering of [base] id koreng ulcer korengan serious infection disease id uban grey hair ubanan grey haired condition Derived terms id ber- -an ke- -an peng- -an per- -an id References id Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa Tata Bahasa Baku Bahasa Indonesia Standard Grammar of Indonesian Language https://acuanbahasa.kemdikbud.go.id/book/12/5cb467d936a24 https://web.archive.org/web/20220613233214/https://acuanbahasa.kemdikbud.go.id/book/12/5cb467d936a24 13 June 2022 4 Jakarta Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan 2017 978-979-069-263-3 8 July 2022 James N. Sneddon Indonesian : a comprehensive grammar 2010 Roultedge London 2 978-0-415-58154-7 564132877 id terms inherited from Classical Malay Irish Etymology From ga sga -on, sga -an, sga -en.454 736 Suffix n forms verbal nouns Derived terms ga References smaller Further reading Modern Irish: A Comprehensive Grammar Nancy Stenson London Routledge 2020 978-1-138-23652-3 117 Japanese Romanization あん Kapampangan Alternative forms pam -nan Etymology pam :inh phi-pro:*-an + From pam phi-pro *-an, from pam poz-pro *-an, from pam map-pro *-an. Compare tl -an bcl -an, ceb -an. Pronunciation pam /an/ Suffix pam suffix object trigger: to do something to a person or a thing pam Buklatan me ining lata. (You) open this can can is focused). object trigger: to cause something to become; to make; because; due pam Begalan neng Julia ing pamamasa. Julia slowed down her reading. reading is focused. directional trigger: to do something in the direction of pam Salubungan ke I Reniel. I'm going to meet Reniel. Reniel is focused). benefactive trigger: to do something for pam Panagan keng pamangan I Simon. I'll leave some food for Simon. food is focused). object trigger: with root word reduplication to do something occasionally, at random, a little, a bit, now and then or here and there pam Wawasan-wasan koreng pinggan. I'm washing the plates. The plates is focused). directional trigger: with root word reduplication to do something in the direction of, occasionally, at random, a little, a bit, now and then or here and there pam Susopan-sopan neng Eli I Kate. Eli helped Kate a bit. Kate is focused). object trigger: to perform the action of the verb on something pam Esusulatanan ing libru. Don't write anything on the book. Suffix pam suffix Forms locative nouns indicating places where a significant object referred to by the root is placed, planted, or commonly found. pam tambay idle tambayan place to hangout pam basura trash basuran trash can Forms Locative nouns for places where the root's action occurs pam pagawa create pagawaan workshop pam sake ride sakayan station, car, vehicle... Forms nouns for periods when the root's action is collectively performed. pam libang hobby libangan entertainment pam pilub entry, class, work piluban school time, school year Forms nouns indicating a tool or an object that is used to perform what is meant by the root pam oras time orasan clock, watch pam timbang weight timbangan weighing scale Forms nouns signifying reciprocal or joint performance of the action expressed by the root pam terak dance terakan dancing together pam dalit sing dalitan singing together Used to create a diminutive, pretensive, or imitative form of something used with reduplication of root word pam bale house bale-balayan toy house pam biasa knowledge biasa-biasan know-it-all pam baril gun baril-barilan toy gun Suffix pam suffix pam appended to numbers Used to indicate groups. pam Adua two aduaan in twos, two at a time pam Atlu three atluan in groups of three, three at a time Usage notes Phoneme change can occur by adding /n/. pam Samasan samasnan pam kabiasa kabiasnan pam Kutang kutnan Sometimes, the final vowel of the root word disappears when the suffix is added. pam dakap dakpan pam takap takpan pam talan talnan Due to allophony, /d/ turns into /r/ when inserted before -an. pam lugud luguran<alt:luguran> pam bakud bakuran<alt:bakuran> pam bayad bayaran<alt:bayaran> Derived terms pam Related terms pam ka- -an pam ma- -an pam pa- -an pam a- -an Malay Etymology 1 ms :inh poz-mly-pro:*-an suffix From ms poz-mly-pro *-an, from ms poz-pro *-an, from ms map-pro *-an. Pronunciation ms /-an/ ms [-an] after consonantn For some speakers, when the Etymology 1 form of this suffix (along with ms -i) is added to a stem that starts with any consonant except /r/, the consonant would be geminated, so that ms tarikan attraction and ms makanan food which respectively are affixations of ms tarik to pull and ms makan to eat with the ms -an suffix, are pronounced as /tarikkan/ [ta.riʔ.kan] and /makannan/ [ma.kan.nan], not as /tarikan/ [ta.ri.kan] and /makanan/ [ma.ka.nan]. ms [-wan] after [u] ms [-jan] after [i] ms [-ʔan] after non-[i] or [u] vowel ms -an Suffix ms suffix Jawi spelling after consonant or [i] ـن Jawi spelling after [u] ـان Jawi spelling after non-[i] or [u] vowel ـاءن Forms a noun representing the result or product of an action, or the object being acted upon. ms tulis to write tulisan writing; something written ms makan to eat makanan food; something eaten Forms a noun representing a tool or instrument used to perform an action. ms timbang to weigh timbangan a weighing scale ms tapis to filter tapisan a filter; a strainer Forms a noun representing a place or location associated with the action. ms kurung to confine kurungan a cage; a prison ms henti to stop hentian a stop; a station Forms a noun representing a collection, variety, or large expanse of something. ms laut sea lautan ocean; vast sea ms sayur vegetable sayur-sayuran a variety of vegetables Forms a noun or adjective indicating something that resembles the root or possesses its quality. ms manis sweet manisan sweets; candy ms kuning yellow kekuningan yellowish Usage notes Descendants id -an Etymology 2 ms :bor en:-ant -ant ms en -ant, from ms enm -ant, enm -aunt, partly from ms fro -ant, from ms la -āns; and partly (in adjectival derivations) continuing ms enm -ant, a variant of enm -and, enm -end, from ms ang -ende present participle ending. Pronunciation ms [-ən] English-based ms [-an] spelling-based ms -an Suffix ـن ms non-productive Forms words borrowed from English ending in -ant. ms militan militant ms reaktan reactant Derived terms ms ms unproductive suffixes Manx Etymology From gv sga -án, from gv pgl -ᚐᚌᚅᚔ. Suffix n m gv -ane Derived terms gv Middle English Suffix enm suffix 1 enm -ene genitive plural Mokilese Suffix mkj suffix Used to form stative verbs from nouns References 8 Norwegian Bokmål Pronunciation nb /ɑːn/ nb ɑːn 1 nb -an Etymology 1 nb la -ānus of or pertaining to; noun- and adjective-forming suffix, with many individual words entering Bokmål through other European languages. Compare da -an, sv -an and de -an noun-forming suffix. Suffix nb suffix m definite singular -anen indefinite plural -aner definite plural -anene A suffix occurring in masculine nouns, especially learned loanwords. nb membran membrane nb meridian meridian Usage notes Nouns containing this suffix normally form the definite singular in nb -anen, the indefinite plural in nb -aner and the definite plural in nb -anene: nb membran membrane — nb membranen the membrane — nb membraner membranes — nb membranene the membranes nb veteran veteran — nb veteranen the veteran — nb veteraner veterans — nb veteranene the veterans The ending is found chiefly in borrowed and learned vocabulary and is not freely added to arbitrary native Bokmål words. The precise historical formation and immediate source language may differ between individual words. Derived terms nb dekan dean nb median median nb membran membrane nb meridian meridian nb roman novel nb sopran soprano nb veteran veteran Etymology 2 Ultimately from nb la -ānus noun- and adjective-forming suffix, specialized through international chemical nomenclature. Compare da -an, sv -an and de -an, as well as en -ane alkane-name ending. Suffix nb suffix n definite singular -anet indefinite plural -an definite plural -ana nb organic chemistry A suffix used in the names of alkanes, saturated acyclic hydrocarbons. nb metan methane nb etan ethane nb propan propane nb butan butane Usage notes In systematic alkane names, nb -an indicates that the compound is a saturated hydrocarbon containing only single carbon–carbon bonds. The first four members of the series have the retained names nb metan methane, nb etan ethane, nb propan propane and nb butan butane. Longer unbranched alkanes are named using a numerical stem followed by nb -an. As a neuter suffix, it has definite singular nb -anet, an unchanged indefinite plural in nb -an, and definite plural nb -ana. The corresponding endings for hydrocarbons containing double and triple bonds are nb -en and nb -yn, respectively. Derived terms nb metan methane nb etan ethane nb propan propane nb butan butane nb pentan pentane nb heksan hexane nb heptan heptane nb oktan octane nb nonan nonane nb dekan decane See also nb -en alkene-name ending nb -yn alkyne-name ending nb -yl substituent-forming suffix Etymology 3 nb la -ānus of or pertaining to, often through learned words borrowed from other European languages. Compare da -an, sv -an and de -an adjective-forming suffix. Suffix nb suffix neuter singular -ant definite singular and plural -ane A suffix occurring in adjectives and expressing that something is of the kind or has the characteristics indicated by the base. nb human humane, human nb momentan momentary, instantaneous nb simultan simultaneous Usage notes Adjectives in nb -an normally form the neuter singular in nb -ant and the definite singular and plural in nb -ane: nb human humane, human — nb humant humane, human; neuter singular — nb humane humane, human; definite singular and plural nb spontan spontaneous — nb spontant spontaneous; neuter singular — nb spontane spontaneous; definite singular and plural nb urban urban — nb urbant urban; neuter singular — nb urbane urban; definite singular and plural The suffix occurs chiefly in learned and international vocabulary. Derived terms nb human humane, human nb mediterran Mediterranean nb momentan momentary, instantaneous nb profan profane, secular nb simultan simultaneous nb spontan spontaneous nb urban urban References -an -an Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry: IUPAC Recommendations and Preferred Names 2013, section P-15.1.7.1.1. Ojibwe Final oj final verb finals inanimate intransitive verb finals be in a state or condition Derived terms oj waaban oj aawan See also oj -aa oj -izi References The Ojibwe People's Dictionary https://ojibwe.lib.umn.edu/word-part/an-final Suffix oj suffix noun suffixes verb suffixes verb class markers A suffix denoting the plural of an inanimate noun A suffix denoting the obviative form of an animate noun A suffix denoting the second-person singular imperative of a transitive inanimate verb (vti) Usage notes As the suffix denoting the second-person singular imperative form, -an also acts as the class marker for unmarked (-am theme) transitive inanimate verbs (vti). See also oj -n oj -iin oj -oon oj -wan oj -yan oj imperative verb suffixes Old English Pronunciation -an Etymology 1 ang infinitival :inh gem-pro:*-aną gem-pro:*-janą<id:causative> From ang gem-pro *-aną and ang gem-pro *-janą causative. Suffix verbf 1 marks the infinitive of most strong, class 1 weak, and preterite-present verbs (exceptions are verbs like ang flēon to flee) ang singan to sing ang niman to take Suffix verb forms transitive, often causative, class 1 weak verbs from nouns and adjectives, with i-mutation ang fōda<t:food> fēdan<t:to feed> ang dōm<t:judgment> dēman<t:to judge, to decide> ang fūl<t:dirty, foul> fȳlan<t:to befoul, to defile, to pollute> ang full<t:full> fyllan<t:to fill> ang frōfor<t:consolation, joy> frēfran<t:to console, to cheer> Conjugation -an<w1/ge:0> -an<w1/ge:0> Descendants enm -en infinitival Etymology 2 ang ablative adverbial From ang gmw-pro *-anā, from ang gem-pro *-anē. Alternative forms ang -ane Suffix forms adverbs with ablative direction ang ēastan from the east ang westan from the west Etymology 3 ang n-stem ang gmw-pro *-an n-stem, from a conflation of several ang gem-pro - n-stem suffixes: gem-pro *-anų accusative singular, gem-pro *-aniz genitive singular, nominative/vocative plural and gem-pro *-anunz accusative plural. Supplanted gmw-pro *-ōn during the prehistory of Old English except for in relic forms such as ang ēastron and ang foldu. Suffix nounf 1 marks the accusative, genitive, and dative singular and nominative and accusative plural of n-stem nouns ang beran bear, bear's, bears Declension - Descendants enm -en noun plural Etymology 4 Suffix verbf 1 ang -on strong plural past indicative suffix Etymology 5 Suffix adjf 1 marks the following inflections of weak adjectives: masculine and feminine accusative, genitive, dative, and instrumental singular neuter genitive, dative, and instrumental singular masculine, feminine, and neuter nominative and accusative plural Etymology 6 ang -um Suffix nounf adjf 1 ang Late Old English ang -um Usage notes This form appears in late texts either due to reduction of the original ang -um ending, influence from the n-stem oblique singular and nominative/accusative plural ang -an n-stem, or most likely, a combination of both. Old Galician-Portuguese Etymology roa-opt :inh la:-ant + 1 Suffix roa-opt suffix 1st conj. a suffix indicating the third-person plural indicative present of a verb in roa-opt -ar roa-opt amar to love aman [They] love roa-opt cantar to sing cantan [They] sing Descendants gl -an pt -am Old Norse Etymology 1 Presumably from non gem-pro *-ōniz. Suffix non suffix non deverbative suffix used to derive nouns from class 2 weak verbs non friða to pacify friðan pacifying non sanna to assert, prove sannan assertion, confirmation non synja to deny synjan denial Derived terms non non -un Etymology 2 non gmq-pro -ᚨᚾᚨ, from non gem-pro *-anē. Suffix non suffix forms adverbs with ablative direction Derived terms non -an ablative adverb Etymology 3 non Suffix non suffix inflectional suffixes strong masculine accusative singular ending of adjectives Old Saxon Etymology From osx gem-pro *-aną. Suffix osx suffix osx verbal suffix used to form the infinitive of strong verbs (exceptions are a few verbs ending in osx -ian like osx biddian or osx liggian) osx drinkan drinkan to drink osx hwerƀan hwerƀan to travel osx strong verbs Oromo Etymology Cognate with gax -ani. Suffix om suffix om obsolete dialectal plural suffix. Derived terms om aannan milk om afaan mouth om bishaan water om fincaan urine om foon meat om isaan they om isin you (pl.) om -wwan plural suffix Palula Etymology phl suffix suffix :inh sa:-अन्ति 1 ++ Pronunciation phl /-an/ Suffix suffix third person plural suffix Alternative forms phl -íin with e-ending verb stems phl -óon with a-ending verb stems phl -en Biori phl -éen with e-ending verb stems Biori phl -áan with a-ending verb stems Biori References Polish Etymology pl :bor la:-ānus 1 1 Pronunciation Suffix pl suffix m pl chemistry -ate, used to form names of derivates of oxyacids whose name ends with pl -owy -ic pl chlor chloran chlorine chlorate forms people pl młody młodzian Declension Inanimate declension: Animate declension: Derived terms pl Further reading Romanian Pronunciation ro /an/ Etymology 1 ro :lbor la:-anus + 1 -ân Suffix 1 noun-forming suffixes Forms adjectives and nouns describing things and characteristics of a city, region, or country; en -an ro Australia Australia australian Australian ro America America american American Usage notes For the countries that end in -ia, the plural form of the suffix is -ieni when masculine and -iene when feminine/neuter. Etymology 2 ro Suffix 1 noun-forming suffixes Added to nouns and adjectives as an augmentative suffix. ro gras fat grăsan fatso Forms names of male animals. ro gâscă goose gâscan gander Declension Derived terms ro Scottish Gaelic Etymology 1 gd pgl cel-pro 1 From gd mga, from gd sga -án. Pronunciation gd /-an/ Note the difference with Etymology 2 Suffix gd suffix m A masculine suffix used to form nouns meaning a smaller form of something, often used for male given names. gd crùb dug crùban crouching Derived terms gd Etymology 2 Originally the gd sga - accusative and vocative plural ending of n-stem nouns. For example sga imbliu, vocative/accusative plural sga imblenna. Cognate with ga -anna, gv -yn. Pronunciation gd /ən/ Note the difference with Etymology 1 Suffix gd suffix inflectional suffixes Used to form the regular nominative plurals of nouns. gd clach stone clachan stones References 641 Serbo-Croatian Etymology 1 sh Suffix Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun, usually denoting a (often negative) feature or endearment. Etymology 2 sh sla-pro *-ьnъ. Suffix Suffix appended to words to create an adjective. sh jaditi jad(iti) jadan miserable Derived terms sh See also sh -ašan -ešan Slovak Etymology sk :inh sla-pro:*-ěninъ + 1 Pronunciation Suffix sk suffix m-pr suffix used to form masculine demonyms from the names of places (cities, countries, regions) sk Prievidza Prievidžan Prievidza inhabitant sk Liptovský Mikuláš Liptovskomikulášan Liptovský Mikuláš inhabitant sk Paríž Parížan Paris Parisian sk Rím Riman Rome Roman sk sever severan North Northerner sk ostrov ostrovan island islander suffix used to form agent nouns from verbs, typically denoting a person characterized by excessive or negative behavior sk ožrať ožrať sa ožran to get drunk drunkard sk piť pije pijan he drinks drunkard; heavy drinker Usage notes In Slovak, the formation of masculine demonyms (names of inhabitants) is closely tied to the corresponding adjective ending in sk -ský or sk -cký. The choice between -an, sk -čan, and sk -šťan follows three primary patterns: Stems with sk -ský (where -s- is not part of the stem): The suffix sk -ský is removed and replaced by either -an or sk -čan. The choice depends usually on the final consonant of the stem, although these are not exact rules: If the stem ends in a sibilant (s, z, š, ž, c, dz, č, dž), -an is usually preferred (e.g., sk Praha → sk pražský → sk Pražan). If the stem ends in any other consonant, sk -čan is the standard choice (e.g., sk Bratislava → sk bratislavský → sk Bratislavčan). Stems with sk -ský (where -s- is merged with the stem): If the adjective's -sk- cluster is the result of assimilation or reduction (e.g., sk novoveský from sk Nová Ves or sk mestský from sk mesto), the suffix sk -šťan is applied. Examples: sk Nová Ves → sk novoveský → sk Novovešťan; sk mesto → sk mestský (pron. as “meský”) → sk mešťan. Stems with sk -cký: The adjectival ending sk -cký is removed and replaced by the suffix sk -čan. Examples: sk Maroko → sk marocký → sk Maročan; sk Belgicko → sk belgický → sk Belgičan. The suffix -an causes the preceding consonant to soften, e.g. sk Čína → sk čínsky → sk Číňan or sk Čile → sk čilský → sk Čiľan, whereas sk -čan always preserves the original hardness of the stem. While these rules cover the vast majority of cases, exceptions exist due to historical development (e.g. sk Turiec → sk Turčan, sk Orava → sk Oravan). The feminine equivalent is formed using the suffix sk -anka (-an + sk -ka; e.g., sk Belgičan → sk Belgičanka). Declension m-pr ia Derived terms sk Somali Etymology Compare rel -an. Suffix so suffix -án Forms adjectives from verbs and nouns. Derived terms so References 147 Spanish Etymology 1 From es la -ant, the third-person plural present active indicative ending of first conjugation verbs. Cognate with ast - and ca -en, fr -ent, it -ano, pt -am, ro -ă. Suffix es suffix form -ar Etymology 2 From es la -eant, es la -ant, and es la -iant, the third-person plural present active subjunctive endings of second, third, and fourth conjugation verbs, respectively. Suffix es suffix form -er -ir See also es -en Swedish Etymology 1 From sv non -an. Suffix sv suffix sv verbal noun making a noun from a verb, similar to sv -ing and sv -ning, having -ningar as the plural. sv predika to preach predikan a sermon Etymology 2 Ultimately from sv la -anus. Suffix sv suffix sv -anen -an; making a noun, describing a person by belief or nationality sv Tibet tibetan sv Luther lutheran sv vegetarian Derived terms sv verbal noun sv Anagrams sv an -na na Tagalog Alternative forms tl -han tl -nan Etymology tl suffix :inh phi-pro:*-an<id:suffix> ++ 1 Pronunciation Suffix +,an object trigger: to do something to a person or a thing tl Buksan mo ang pinto. (You) open the door door is focused). object trigger: to cause something to become; to make tl Binagalan ni Sue ang kotse. Sue slowed down the car. The car is focused. directional trigger: to do something in the (physical or psychological) direction of tl Tinitingnan ko ang manwal. I'm looking at the manual. The manual is focused). benefactive trigger: to do something for tl Titirhan ko si Roy ng keyk. I'll leave some cake for Roy. Roy is focused). object trigger: with root word reduplication to do something occasionally, at random, a little, a bit, now and then or here and there tl Winawalis-walisan ko ang sahig. I'm sweeping the floor a bit. The floor is focused). directional trigger: with root word reduplication to do something in the (physical or psychological) direction of, occasionally, at random, a little, a bit, now and then or here and there tl Tinutulung-tulungan ni Jessy si Patty. Jessy helped Patty a bit. Patty is focused). object trigger: to perform the action of the verb on something tl Huwag mong sulatan ang dokumento. Don't write anything on the document. Suffix +,an Forms locative nouns expressing where a large quantity of the thing meant by the root is put, planted, or can be found tl aklat book aklatan library tl basura trash basurahan trash can Forms locative nouns where the action expressed by the root is performed tl kain eat kainan place where people eat e.g. restaurant, café,... Forms nouns expressing period in which the action expressed by the root is collectively performed tl ani harvest anihan harvest time tl pasok entry, class, work pasukan school time, school year Forms nouns indicating a tool or an object that is used to perform what is meant by the root tl oras time orasan clock, watch tl timbang weight timbangan weighing scale Forms nouns signifying reciprocal or joint performance of the action expressed by the root tl sayaw dance sayawan dancing together tl kanta sing kantahan singing together Used to create a diminutive, pretensive, or imitative form of something used with reduplication of root word tl bahay house bahay-bahayan toy house tl Diyos God diyos-diyosan false god tl baril gun baril-barilan toy gun Suffix +,an tl appended to numbers Used to indicate groups. tl tatlo three tatluhan in threes, three at a time tl dalawampu twenty dalawampuan in groups of twenty, twenty at a time Usage notes Normally, /h/ is inserted before -an when a root word ending with a vowel is not followed by a glottal stop. In some cases, phoneme change can occur and /h/ becomes /n/. tl ganti gantihan<alt:gantihan> tl talo talunan<alt:talunan> Sometimes, the final vowel of the root word disappears when the suffix is added. tl sunod sundan tl takip takpan Due to allophony, /d/ turns into /r/ when inserted before -an. tl buklod bukluran<alt:bukluran> tl bakod bakuran<alt:bakuran> tl bayad bayaran<alt:bayaran> Derived terms tl Related terms tl ka- -an Anagrams tl an na na- Turkish Etymology tr :inh ota:ـان<tr:-ân><ety:inh<trk-oat:ـان<tr:-an><ety:inh<trk-pro:*-gan>>>> ++ 1 Pronunciation tr /ˈɑn/ an en y Suffix adjective Creates participles and relative clauses where the relativized element is the grammatical subject of the clause tr şarkı söyleyen çocuk the child who is singing tr burada satılan bir ürün a product which is sold here the relativized element is the possessor of the grammatical subject of the clause tr bacağı ağrıyan hasta a patient whose leg hurts tr şapkası ters duran adam a man whose hat is backwards the relativized element is the possessor of some other element of the clause, and the subject is categorial and indefinite tr koyunlarını kurt kapan köylü a villager whose sheep were caught by wolves tr kafasında şapka olan çocuk a child who has a hat on their head Creates nouns with the meaning of "the one who ...", "those who ...", "those which ..." etc. when one of the aforementioned conditions apply tr savaşı kaybedenler those who lost the war tr trenden inenler those who are disembarking the train Combines with the dative suffix and the postpositions kadar, dek or değin to mean until tr ölene kadar till I die/he dies tr dönene dek till I return/he returns Usage notes For all other relative clauses, see -dık and -acak References 9780415114943 Turkish: A Comprehensive Grammar 2005 Volapük Suffix vo suffix Used to indicate someone who is or does something Derived terms vo Welsh Pronunciation cy /an/ Etymology 1 From cy cel-pro *-agnos. Suffix cy suffix diminutive suffix, -let cy bwyell axe bwyellan small axe, hatchet cy gwraig woman, wife gwreigan little woman, little wife cy barf beard barfan little beard, goatee, whiskers person or object with characteristics of the root word cy mud mute mudan mute person cy llai grey lleian nun cy crwm crooked, curved cryman sickle, pruning hook used to form pet names cy Gwen Gwennan cy Dai Deian cy Elisabeth Bethan Etymology 2 Alternative forms cy -ian Suffix cy suffix verbnoun suffix Etymology 3 Suffix cy suffix cy colloquial verb suffix for the third-person future plural Derived terms cy References