-ie

Appendix:Variations of "ie" -ие English Alternative forms en -ee -ey Pronunciation -ē en /-iː/ RP,AuE,NZE,InE en /-i/ GenAm,CanE,ScE en iː<s:1> en -ie Etymology 1 en :from -y<id:diminutive> 1 diminutive Variant spelling of en -y#Etymology_2 -y, with the spelling possibly influenced by the cognate en sco -ie. Suffix productive suffixes noun-forming suffixes diminutive suffixes en diminutive Forming diminutive or affectionate forms of nouns or names. en suffixes -cule -ee<id:diminutive> -el -et -ette -icle -kin -le<id:diminutive> -let -ling -ole -ule -y prefixes mini- micro- nano- en 1869 Louisa May Alcott An Old-Fashioned Girl “Polly, I wish you ’d let me call you Marie,” said Fanny one day, as they were shopping together. ¶ “You may call me Mary, if you like; but I won’t have any ie put on to my name. I’m Polly at home and I’m fond of being called so; but Marie is Frenchified and silly.” ¶ “I spell my own name with an ie, and so do all the girls.” ¶ “And what a jumble of Netties, Nellies, Hatties, and Sallies there is. How ‘Pollie’ would look spelt so!” dear → dearie sweet → sweetie smile → smilie (also smiley) Catherine → Cathie (also Cathi, Cathy); Katherine → Kathie (also Kathi, Kathy) Bill → Billie (also Billi, Billy) en female Forming feminine or gender‐neutral forms of given names. Jesse → Jessie Bill → Billie James → Jamie en familiariser en chiefly Australia New Zealand UK Forms colloquial clippings (often functioning as familiarizers), truncating the root to a single stressed syllable. Australia/Australian → Aussie mosquito → mozzie position → possie costume → cossie barbecue → barbie biscuit → bikkie en associateden occasionally derogatory Forming colloquial nouns signifying the person or thing associated with the suffixed noun or verb. bike → bikie fridge → en fridgie fridge magnet road → roadie surf → surfie town → townie en nominalizer Forming nouns relative to an adjective. slow → slowie small → smallie tough → toughie en colloquial Forming colloquial interjections or phrases. alright → alrightie eww → ewwie good → goodie oops → oopsie ow → owie Usage notes The ⟨‐ie⟩ spelling is more common than ⟨‐y⟩ when used to create words for people. Thus en hippie is preferred over en hippy. In Commonwealth slang (particularly in Australia and New Zealand), a sociolinguistic distinction is often made between true affectionate diminutives (sense 1) and colloquial familiarizers (sense 3). Diminutives typically preserve phonetic fidelity to the root word to maintain clear affection (retaining a voiceless /s/, as in Jessie). Familiarizers, however, signal egalitarian in‐group solidarity and actively distort the root’s phonology, most notably by leniting an intervocalic /s/ to a voiced /z/ (as in Aussie, mozzie, or possie). Derived terms en en diminutive en familiarizer en associated en nominalizer en colloquial Translations forming diminutive nouns or names Afrikaans: af -ie, af -etjie, af -jie, af -kie, af -pie, af -tjie Dutch: nl -tje, nl -ie, nl -je, nl -etje, nl -pje, nl -kje, nl -pie, nl -kie, nl -ke, nl -ken French: fr -et m, fr -ette f German: de -chen n Spanish: es ito m, es ita f Swedish: sv -is Turkish: tr -iş affectionate Etymology 2 en :from -y<id:adjectival> 1 adjectival Variant spelling of en -y adjectival suffix. Suffix en adjectival en now rare en -y adjectival suffix. hug → huggie Derived terms en adjectival Etymology 3 en :bf selfie + 1 selfie Suffix en photograph A photograph, especially a selfie. Derived terms en photograph Anagrams en ei E/I EI Afrikaans Alternative forms af -etjie af -jie af -kie af -pie af -tjie Etymology From af nl -je. Pronunciation af /i/ af LL-Q14196 (afr)-Oesjaar--ie.wav Suffix af suffix plural -ies diminutive suffixes Forms a diminutive noun Usage notes The suffix -ie is used in nouns that end in -b, -f, -g, -k, -p, -s. Nouns ending in other sounds use one of the alternative forms above. Czech Pronunciation ije cs ɪjɛ Suffix f a suffix denoting a branch of science or study, similar to -ics cs -ika Derived terms cs ekonomie cs ekonometrie cs pediatrie cs psychometrie See also cs -nomie cs -logie Further reading -ie/-erie/-érie Dutch Etymology 1 From nl dum -ie, ultimately from nl la -ia. Suffix nl suffix noun-forming suffixes f nl variant of -ij a variant of nl -ij Derived terms nl variant of -ij Etymology 2 Ultimately from nl la -iō. Suffix nl suffix noun-forming suffixes f nl process or condition -ion, -y Derived terms nl process or condition Etymology 3 Dialectal (especially Hollandic) contraction of nl -je. In some of these areas, the pronoun nl je you may similarly contract (nl wat denkie, wat heppie, etc.). Suffix nl suffix noun-forming suffixes n diminutive suffixes nl diminutive nl Netherlands informal a variant of nl -je, a suffix forming diminutive nouns and informal adjectives Derived terms nl diminutive Descendants af -ie French Etymology fr :inh frm:-ie fr frm -ie, from fr fro -ie, from fr la -ia. Pronunciation fr LL-Q150 (fra)-WikiLucas00--ie.wav <<France>> (<<Lyon>>) Suffix f indicates a feminine noun, often an abstract one Derived terms fr Further reading German Etymology Borrowed from or influenced by de fr -ie. Replaces la -ia in modern loans. de -ei. Pronunciation de /-iː/ Suffix de noun-forming suffixes suffix f plural -ien Designates a feminine, usually abstract noun, from Latin or French roots. Usage notes In the abstract noun sense, the plural is usually rarely used. Derived terms de Italian Pronunciation -i̇e,-ìe Suffix it suffix form it -io Latin Suffix la suffix form la -ius voc m s Middle English Etymology 1 enm abstract nouns :der fro:-ie<id:abstract nouns> Borrowed from enm fro -ie, from enm la -ia. Alternative forms enm -y -ye -e Suffix enm suffix A suffix designating abstract or collective nouns, typically of French or Latin origin. Derived terms enm -ie Descendants en -y -ie References -i(e suf.(4) MED21731 20 June 2018 Etymology 2 Suffix enm suffix 1 enm -ien infinitival infinitival suffix Etymology 3 Suffix enm suffix 1 enm -y Etymology 4 Suffix enm suffix 1 enm -yf Middle French Etymology frm :inh fro:-ie frm fro -ie. Suffix frm suffix indicates a feminine noun, often an abstract one Derived terms frm Descendants fr -ie Middle High German Etymology gmh :bor fro:-ie Borrowed from gmh fro -ie, from gmh la -ia. Suffix gmh suffix f -īe used to create female abstract nouns Descendants de -ei yi ־ײַ Old Czech Etymology zlw-ocs :inh sla-pro:*-ьje + 1 Pronunciation Suffix n forming nouns referring to collections zlw-ocs dřěvo dřievie Usage notes This suffix causes first palatalisation of the preceding consonant. Declension n Derived terms zlw-ocs Descendants cs -í Old English Suffix ang suf ang -iġe Old French Etymology fro abstract nouns :inh la:-ia<id:abstract noun> From fro la -ia; compare fro -erie. Suffix fro suffix indicates a feminine noun, often an abstract one Derived terms fro Descendants frm -ie fr -ie gmh -ie enm -ie en -y -ie Old Polish Etymology zlw-opl adverbial :inh sla-pro:*-e + + Pronunciation Suffix zlw-opl suffix forms adverbs from adjectives zlw-opl niewymowny niewymownie Derived terms zlw-opl Descendants pl -ie See also zlw-opl -o Polish Alternative forms pl -e Etymology pl adverbial :inh zlw-opl:-ie<id:adverbial> + 1 Pronunciation je Suffix pl suffix forms adverbs from adjectives pl wybitny wybitnie Derived terms pl See also pl -o Romanian Etymology Probably from ro la -īlia, neuter plural of la -īlis. Less likely from la -ia. Compare rup -ilji, rup -ilje. In borrowed words, derived from Latin ro la -ia, ro fr -ie and ro cu -иѥ, further obscuring the etymology. Pronunciation ro /ˈi.e/ Suffix f -ii 1 Used with a stem to create a (usually abstract) noun relating to it; can be compared to -ship, -hood, -ness, -ity, etc. Declension -i Derived terms ro See also ro -ia ro -ărie ro -eață ro -ime ro -tate ro -ciune Scots Alternative forms sco -y Etymology sco :inh enm:-y<id:adjectives> 1 From sco enm -y, from sco ang -iġ, from sco gmw-pro *-g. Suffix sco suffix sco -ie Designates an adjective, in many cases formed by being appended to a noun. sco diminutive Forming diminutive or affectionate forms of nouns or names. References suff