-nen

Appendix:Variations of "nen" Ahtna Suffix aht suffix aht -en Dena'ina Suffix tfn suffix tfn -en. References 329 Finnish Etymology Originally a variant form of fi -inen. The -i- was dropped in certain dialects, particularly nouns with more than two syllables prior to the suffix. The distinction between using fi -nen for nouns (including nouns with two or fewer syllables in the root) and fi -inen for adjectives is a later literary invention, resulting in what were originally two variants of the same suffix being artificially separated in meaning. Suffix noun Forms diminutive nouns or terms expressing affection. fi lapsi child lapsonen kid fi pala piece palanen small piece fi kulta gold, dear kultanen darling fi tuuli wind tuulonen gentle wind, breeze fi Ukko the God of Thunder ukkonen thunder Forms surnames, including surnames of association (the so-called Virtanen type), by now devoid of meaning. fi virta river Virtanen fi colloquial dialectal fi -inen Usage notes Surnames ending in fi -nen were first recorded in Savonia (and to a somewhat lesser extent Karelia) in the early 16th century, with fi -nen affixed to nicknames (fi Korhonen) and vernacular forms of given names (fi Heikkinen) after the ancestor or patriarch of a family. In the 19th century surnames were required of all Finns, and many new names were created by adding fi -nen to topographic terms (fi Ahonen) and to words describing natural phenomena (fi Aaltonen). In 1985, 38% of Finns had a surname ending in fi -nen.fi Mikkonen, Pirjo Paikkala, Sirkka Sukunimet Joka kodin suuri nimikirja Keuruu Suuri Suomalainen Kirjakerho, Otava 1990 9516434762 In 1998, approximately 47% of Finns with Finnish surnames had ones ending in fi -nen. Should not be confused with fi -inen with which it may be conflated in colloquial speech and some dialects. For example, fi keltanen may appear to be fi kelta + fi -nen, but is actually a colloquial form of fi keltainen, itself fi kelta + fi -inen. As with fi -inen, fi -nen nominals have a combining form that replace the suffix with an fi -s-, which is used whenever they are followed by another part in a compound word: e.g. fi ukkonen (> fi ukkos-) + fi myrsky = fi ukkosmyrsky. Declension - a - ä Derived terms fi fi -sten See also fi -inen fi -lainen fi -llinen fi -mainen References Further reading Sirkka Paikkala: Se tavallinen Virtanen, SKS 959 (2004), 951-746-567-X Anagrams fi enn -nne fi diminutive suffixes Japanese Romanization ねん Middle English Alternative forms enm -en -ene -ne enm -nin AB Etymology enm inchoative :inh ang:-nian From enm ang -nian, from enm gmw-pro *-inōn, from enm gem-pro *-inōną. Pronunciation enm /-(ə)nən/ Suffix enm suffix verb-forming suffixes Forms inchoative verbs from adjectives or (less commonly) nouns; en -en inchoative. Derived terms enm Descendants en -en inchoative gmw-msc -in sco -en References -e)n- suf.(4) MED13519 -en suf.5 1 8355001610 Yucatec Maya Suffix yua suffix Suffix indicating the second-person singular imperative for antipassive verbs yua ¡Áalkabnen! Run! Related terms yua -en