-ujo

ujo Ujo Esperanto Etymology eo though much discussed. Vilborg notes the following facts:5 163-164 In modern Esperanto, there are three distinguishable senses for the suffix: container plant land In an early 1890s draft of Esperanto, Zamenhof included words ending in -io having senses (1) and (2): *verb/io > modern eo vortaro dictionary, though conceivably this could have easily become *vortujo instead, as a dictionary can be thought of either as a "collection" of words or a "container" for words *rudz/io > modern eo rozujo rosebush By 1887's Unua Libro, Esperanto had only the modern suffix eo -ujo with all three senses. In his 1894 reform proposal, Zamenhof brought back the -io suffix with all three senses. Finally, by 1907, he had different suffixes for each of three senses (respectively): eo -ujo *-jero -io Considering this, Vilborg proposes the following: The original -io suffix gained sense (3) somewhere along the way to becoming eo -ujo. Source-language etymologies for all three senses can be found for -io: -io < fr -ier e.g., fr sucrier sugar bowl -io < fr -ier e.g., fr rosier rosebush -io < mul -ia e.g., en Russia Other accompanying changes in proto-Esperanto's evolution necessitated a shift away from -io. Source languages like Polish and Russian have the suffix pl -ja/ru -ия, which is similar in pronunciation to the mul -ia. The *-ijo implied by the Russian version of the suffix is awkward to pronounce. The only remaining possibility was eo -ujo, since eo -aj, eo -ejo, and eo -oj were already taken. Zamenhof extended this evolution to the other senses. However, other possibilities exist:Floriano Pessoa, 2005, Etimologio: Skizo pri la deveno de la vortoj de Esperanto eo -ujo < clipping of fr étui case eo -ujo < clipping of it -toio, used mainly on verb stems to derive nouns involved in the execution of the verb eo -ujo < eo -oj + eo -o, by analogy to how (e.g.) de Polen is derived from the plural of de Pole Pronunciation ujo Suffix eo suffix eo container something filled with, a container or box for eo abelo bee abelujo beehive eo almozo alms kolekti to collect almozkolektujo poor box eo bani to bathe banujo bathtub eo bapti to baptize baptujo baptismal font eo ĉerizo cherry ĉerizujo cherry basket eo inko ink inkujo inkpot eo kuiri to cook kuirujo kitchenware eo lavi to wash lavujo sink, basin eo plant a plant, usually a tree, of that flower or fruit type eo ananaso pineapple ananasujo pineapple plant eo anizo anise anizujo anise (plant) eo banano banana bananujo banana plant eo pomo apple pomujo apple tree eo rozo rose rozujo rose bush eo rubuso blackberry rubusujo blackberry bush eo vinbero grape vinberujo vine 1927, B. Prus, La Faraono, Ĉapitro VIII: eo Ĉie kreskis palmoj, figarboj, oranĝujoj, poploj, akacioj, kiuj formis aŭ aleojn, kiuj sin direktis al la ĉefaj partoj de l’ mondo, aŭ grupoj de arboj, plantitaj regule kaj preskaŭ de sama alteco. 1970, Beaucaire, Kruko kaj Baniko el Bervalo: eo Ĉu vi vidas la pomujon ĉe la fino de herbejo? 1997-2003, Máire Nic Aoidh, "Dommastrumo", Monato eo Mi komencis aĉeti belajn arbojn kaj plantis ilin en la herbaro: ekzemple acerojn kun bela ŝelo, “plorantan” fagon, pirarbon kaj pomujojn. eo place a place, usually a country, inhabited by, or associated with, an ethnic group eo -io eo andaluzo Andalusian Andaluzujo Andalusia eo flandro Fleming Flandrujo Flanders eo hindo Indian Hindujo Zamenhof the Indian subcontinent; historical the British Raj, British India; dated modern India, the Republic of India eo mojosa cool Mojosujo fake country where Esperantistoj come from eo patro father patrujo fatherland eo ŝvabo Swabian Ŝvabujo Swabia eo turko Turk Turkujo Turkey Usage notes The suffixes -ujo and eo -ingo signify different kinds of containers: An -ingo can contain only a single object or part of an object, such as a eo glavingo scabbard (the entire sword isn't inside the holder for example, and it can hold only one sword), eo plumingo pen holder, eo kandelingo a candlestick, or eo fingringo a thimble. An -ujo is a container for multiple objects, generally something which one replenishes or keeps in quantity, and it usually contains things in their entirety, such as a eo cigarujo cigar box or eo sukerujo sugar bowl. Derived terms eo container eo plant eo place Descendants io -uyo References 1 Spanish Etymology es la -uculus, an expanded form of la -culus. Suffix m -ujaes diminutive suffixes pejorative suffixes added to nouns of either gender to denote a diminutive form Usage notes Often pejorative. Derived terms es