411 REFERENCE · Wiktionary
-то
Reference material by Wiktionary contributors. This retains its source identity and is not 411 news reporting.
то т. о. Appendix:Variations of "to"
Bulgarian
Pronunciation
-то
Never stressed.
Suffix
bg suffix n
the singular neuter definite article, suffixed to neuter nouns/adjectives to mean “the”
Related terms
bg -ът -ят -та -те -а -я
See also
Appendix:Bulgarian articles
bg articles
Macedonian
Pronunciation
то
Suffix
mk suffix
the definite article "the" in its unspecified singular form, neuter gender.
mk Месото е вкусно The meat is tasty 1
mk Грдото пајче The Ugly Duckling 1
Related terms
mk -во
mk -но
See also
Appendix:Macedonian articles
mk articles
Russian
Etymology
From the pronoun ru тот, ru та, ru то. Akin to the mk - definite article mk -от, mk -та, mk -то, and bg - definite article bg -ът, bg -та, bg -то.
Pronunciation
[tə]
ru LL-Q7737 (rus)-Lvova--то.wav Saint Petersburg in isolation, stressed
Particle
ru particle
ru colloquial particle used to give intonational emphasis to a part of speech
ru Ну я-то не ста́ну туда́ ходи́ть. Well, there's no chance I'm going there, anyway.
ru Я и зна́ть-то его́ не хочу́. I don’t even want to know him!
ru Об э́том-то я и хоте́л с ва́ми поговори́ть. That is precisely what I wanted to talk to you about.
ru А я-то ду́мал... And here I was, thinking / And there was me, thinking... / Just when I thought...
Usage notes
Similarly to a definite article, the particle ru -то is used generally for ideas that are assumed to already be understood by both parties in a conversation. However it may be appended not only to nouns, but additionally to verbs, adjectives and adverbs.
For emphasis, frequently used in conjunction with the particles ru и and ru ну.
Excessive usage of ru -то is often associated with rural vernacular or childlike language.
Synonyms
partial ru же, ru и́менно, ru как ра́з
Derived terms
ru то́-то
Descendants
izh -to 1
Particle
ru particle
some-: an indefinite particle used in the various compound pronouns and adverbs
Usage notes
ru -то suggests that the object in question is known to exist, but its precise quality is unknown. If the object is known, but the speaker intends to hide its identity, the particle ru кое- may be used. Alternatively, if the object's precise quality is known, irrelevant, generic nouns such as ru вещь, ru челове́к or ru ме́сто may substitute the pronoun. Compare also ru уго́дно.
Forms in ru -то are usually associated with affirmative (like something), while forms in ru -нибу́дь are associated with question and negative (like anything).
Derived terms
ru где́-то ка́к-то како́й-то кто́-то куда́-то отку́да-то почему́-то че́й-то что́-то
ru -то
Related terms
ru то
ru тот
See also
ru кое-
ru -либо
ru -нибудь
ru уго́дно
Ukrainian
Etymology
Pronunciation
Suffix
uk suffix form f
uk -та voc s
Suffix
uk suffix form masculine -тий feminine -та
uk -ти indef impers s past pass
uk Ukrainian terms suffixed with -о