411 REFERENCE · Wiktionary
-
Reference material by Wiktionary contributors. This retains its source identity and is not 411 news reporting.
\:- Appendix:Variations of "-"
﹣ -
Translingual
Symbol
The hyphen-minus, a catch-all symbol for certain dash and dash-like characters.
mul ‐ hyphen
mul − minus sign
mul ‒ figure dash
mul – en dash
mul — em dash
mul ― horizontal bar, quotation dash
mul sports A en skip.
mul X<qq:fail> O<qq:success>
mul bowling A miss; no pins knocked down.
mul chemistry A single bond.mul Or is this a hyphen?
mul chemistry A character in IUPAC names which separates letters from locants.mul Or is this a hyphen?
en The black truffle's aroma comes from amyl alcohols such as 2-Methylbutan-1-ol.
Used as a placeholder for a missing value (e.g. time, date, number)
Usage notes
The hyphen-minus (-) has multiple uses as a compromise introduced in the early days of fixed-width typewriters and computer displays. However, proper typesetting may require the use of more specific characters rather than the hyphen-minus. Nonetheless, the usage persists since the hyphen-minus is easy to enter on keyboards, well known, and at the same place in all common character sets.
Where used as a spaced en dash or an em dash, the - is almost always surrounded by spaces or reduplicated (see, eg, --, ---, ----), lest it be confused with its use as a hyphen. Although using a hyphen‐minus for a non-spaced en dash is technically ambiguous,Is "the ex-wife agreement" an agreement between the speaker and his ex‐wife or between his ex and his wife? it is rare that anyone takes special care to differentiate this case; although, some style guides did recommend a non-spaced -- for this.
lower-alpha
See also
hy ֊ (Armenian hyphen)
Letter
T
A long signal, used to form Morse code text, together with mul . (a short signal).
T (Latin)
Т (Cyrillic)
See also
Further reading
Hyphen-minus
Finnish
Punctuation mark
fi punctuation mark
Delimits parts of compound words
when a part ends in the same vowel the next part starts with.
fi linja + auto → linja-auto -
fi optional when the former part ends in a vowel and the next part starts with a vowel, to avoid ambiguity or to help readability.
fi laulu + ilta → lauluilta ~ laulu-ilta - compare fi lauluilta elative form
fi optional when a part ends in a consonant and the next part starts with a vowel, to avoid ambiguity or to help readability.
fi punos + aita → punosaita ~ punos-aita -
in certain dvandva or coordinative compounds where the parts are considered 'equal'.
fi parturi + kampaaja → parturi-kampaaja -
when at least one of the two parts
contains a space (a space is written before the hyphen if the previous part contains a space, and vice versa, but not both).
fi stand up + koomikko → stand up ‑koomikko -
is a proper noun in the nominative case (unless it has been assimilated to the point it is no longer capitalized), chiefly in words that are not themselves proper nouns.
fi Suomi + kuva → Suomi-kuva -
fi optional is a proper noun in the genitive case (unless it has been assimilated to the point it is no longer capitalized), for clarity and to avoid ambiguity.
fi Saksan + matka → fi Saksan-matka trip to Germany - compare fi Saksan matka trip to Germany, Germany's trip
is an abbreviation, acronym or initialism (optional if it is the final component and spelled in lowercase).
fi NATO + jäsenyys → NATO-jäsenyys -
is a letter, number or symbol.
fi 20 + -vuotias → 20-vuotias -
fi C + vitamiini → C-vitamiini -
is a particle or a word treated as such.
fi ei + toivottu → ei-toivottu -
fi in some cases is an unadapted loanword.
Represents omission of repeated parts of compound words in a list ("suspended hyphen").
fi syntymäaika ja ‑paikka = syntymäaika ja syntymäpaikka date/time (of birth) and place of birth
fi mansikka-, mustikka- ja vadelmahillo = mansikkahillo, mustikkahillo ja vadelmahillo strawberry (jam), bilberry (jam) and raspberry jam
Used for hyphenation or splitting words across lines.
Usage notes
Called fi yhdysmerkki, fi yhdysviiva or fi väliviiva when used in the senses related to compound words.
Called fi tavuviiva when used for hyphenation.
More properly written U+2010, but U+002D 0 0 is ubiquitous in the computing world.
French
fr
fr -re (-s) unattested
Greek
Letter
Τ
Hebrew
Letter
ת
Japanese
Punctuation mark
ja punctuation mark
ja rare A romanization of the ー (long vowel mark).
To-kyo-
Letter
ム
Khoekhoe
Pronunciation
naq /ʔ/
Punctuation mark
naq punctuation mark
Used to separate elements of a compound word when the second begins with an orthographic vowel (phonemic glottal stop).
Korean
thumb|ko 스타--린氏 Seutārin-ssi Stalin (ko long vowel mark); compare ja スターリン Sutārin
thumb|ko 마--크 더불유 클라크 Mākeu Deoburyu Keullakeu Mark W. Clark (ko long vowel mark); compare ja マーク Māku
Etymology
ko ja ー. ko Probably from Japanese. Was it ever actually pronounced as a long vowel?
Punctuation mark
ko punctuation mark
ko long vowel mark ko obsolete long vowel mark
mul Kore [크리스마쓰](クリスマス)[씨--ㄹ](シール)[은](は)結核豫防運動[의](の)[억센](力強き)[씸볼](シンボル) Keuriseumasseu ssīr-eun gyeolhaek yebang undong-ui eoksen ssimbolKurisumasu shīru wa kekkaku yobō undō no chikarazuyoki shinboru Christmas seals are a strong symbol of the tuberculosis prevention movement compare ja シール shīru
ko 三養라--면스--프添付 Samyang rāmyeonSe͞upeu cheombu Samyang ramyonSoup included compare ja ラーメン rāmen, ja スープ sūpu
References
Swedish
Symbol
sv symbol
sv politics Replaces the party designation of an independent politician.
sv oberoende partilös politisk vilde utan partibeteckning
sv Anna Beskved (c) och Anders Bertilsson (-) Anna Beskved (Centre Party) and Ander Bertilsson (independent)
sv
sv sv SAB classification system Specifying a geographic division of the aforementioned topic.
sv Ab-c Libraries in Sweden
sv Qaea-j Monetary system in France
Denotes the deliberate absence of an expected entry, such as when a field is left blank, a value is zero, or a task is skipped.
sv Vattna blommor: Gjort. Sopa golv: - Water flowers: Done. Sweep floor: Skipped.
sv Summa: 150 kr Dricks: - Sum: 150 kr Tip: 0 kr
Derived terms
Denotes the deliberate absence of an expected entry
sv Unsupported titles/:- :- krona
sv -: öre
Punctuation mark
omission of repeated part "sv elverk el-, sv vattenverk vatten- och sv reningsverk" instead of "sv elverk, sv vattenverk och sv reningsverk"
"sv varmvatten varm- och sv kallvatten" instead of "sv varmvatten och sv kallvatten"
sv punctuation mark
sv repetition Represents omission of repeated parts of compound words in a list.
Used for hyphenation or splitting words across lines.
sv Library science
Thai
Letter
ฏ
ต