Pinkiang

English Etymology From the en zh-postal - of Mandarin (late imperial lingua franca) Nanking court dialect en cmn 濱江, from before the modern palatalization of [k] to [t͡ɕ].Kaske Elisabeth The Politics of Language in Chinese Education, 1895–1919 https://books.google.com.ph/books?id=okhrBBmnHVQC&printsec=frontcover&dq=isbn:9789004163676&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=peking&f=false 2008 Koninklijke Brill NV Leiden 978-90-04-16367-6 52 Pronunciation bĭn′jyäng′Harbin 757 1 In Manchukuo, Harbin was officially renamed Pinkiang (bĭn′jyäng′) as ☉ Pinkiang prov. (□ 24,655; 1940 pop. 4,234,206) during 1934–45. en Pin kiang Proper noun en Harbin; used especially during Japanese rule (1934–1945) en https://archive.org/details/chinaschangingma0000shab/ 1956 China's Changing Map : A Political and Economic Geography of the Chinese People's Republic Theodore Shabad w:Frederick A. Praeger New York 229 Farther inland and adjoining these riverside districts is the new city of Harbin, which developed largely after the First World War. The population of the city increased eightfold from 40,500 in 1911 to 332,000 in 1931 and then doubled to 661,000 by 1940. The city was officially called Pinkiang under Manchukuo rule. Its present official Chinese name is Harbin, which is rendered phonetically by means of the characters Ha-erh-pin. References Further reading