Proto-Indo-European

English Etymology en :af proto- Indo-European + 1 Pronunciation en /ˌpɹəʊ̯təʊ̯ˌɪndə(ʊ̯)ˌjʊə̯ɹəˈpiːən/ /-ˌjɔːɹəˈ-/ UK en /ˌpɹoʊ̯toʊ̯ˌɪndoʊ̯ˌjʊɹəˈpi.ən/<a:US><ref:Wells, John C. Longman Pronunciation Dictionary, 3rd ed. Longman, 2008. isbn 9781405881180.> en en-us-Proto-Indo-European.ogg US Proper noun Proto-Indo-European en linguistics uncountable The reconstructed ancestor language or protolanguage of the Indo-European family of languages, which includes most European, Iranian, and Indian languages. en The word en mother comes from Proto-Indo-European ine-pro *méh₂tēr. en The plural English word en brethren and the Farsi word that is pronounced as 'baradaran' both come from the same Proto-Indo-European root word. en 12 Dec 2025 Tom Hercules Davies Horses, Wheels, Languages: Greek, Mesopotamian and Indic Epic on the Eurasian Steppe The Classical Quarterly 75 1 5 The Greek and Sanskrit languages (along with many other languages of ancient Eurasia) evince correspondences explained by their descent from a common ancestor, Proto-Indo-European (PIE). Synonyms en Indo-European dated en Indo-Germanic, en Proto-Indo-Germanic Derived terms en Early Proto-Indo-European Translations ancestor language of most European and Indian languages Armenian: hy հնդեվրոպական նախալեզու Basque: eu Aitzinindoeuropera Breton: br indez-europeg Bulgarian: bg индоевропе́йски пра́език m Catalan: ca protoindoeuropeu m Chinese: Mandarin: cmn 原始印歐語 Yuánshǐ Yìn-Ōuyǔ Czech: cs praindoevropština f Danish: da protoindoeuropæisk, da urindoeuropæisk Dutch: nl Proto-Indo-Europees n Esperanto: eo hindeŭropa pralingvo Faroese: fo frumindoevropeiskt n Finnish: fi indoeurooppalainen kantakieli, fi kantaindoeurooppa French: fr indo-européen commun m, fr indoeuropéen Galician: gl protoindoeuropeo m Georgian: ka პროტოინდოევროპული ენა, ka წინარეინდოევროპული ენა, ka პროტოინდოევროპული, ka წინარეინდოევროპული German: de Indogermanisch n, de Urindogermanisch n Greek: el πρωτοϊνδοευρωπαϊκά p Hebrew: he פרוטו־הודו־אירופית f próto-hódu-eirópit Hindi: hi आदिम-भारोपीय f, hi आदिम-हिन्द-यूरोपीय f Hungarian: hu indoeurópai alapnyelv Icelandic: is frumindóevrópska f Interlingua: ia proto-indoeuropeo Irish: ga Próta-Ind-Eorpais f Italian: it protoindoeuropeo m Japanese: ja 印欧祖語 in'ō sogo, ja インド・ヨーロッパ祖語 indo-yōroppa sogo Korean: ko 인도유럽조어, ko 원시인구어 Latin: la lingua indogermanica f, la lingua prisca indoeuropaea f Lithuanian: lt indoeuropiečių prokalbė f Macedonian: mk праиндоевропски јазик m Norwegian: no protoindoeuropeisk Bokmål: nb urindoeuropeisk Nynorsk: nn urindoeuropeisk Persian: fa نیاهندواروپایی niyâ-hendo-orupâyi Polish: pl język praindoeuropejski m-in Portuguese: pt protoindo-europeu m Romanian: ro limba proto-indo-europeană f, ro stră-indoeuropeană f Russian: ru праиндоевропе́йский язы́к m Serbo-Croatian: sh proto-indo-europski Slovak: sk praindoeurópčina f Slovene: sl praindoevropščina f Spanish: es protoindoeuropeo m Swedish: sv urindoeuropeiska, sv protoindoeuropeiska, sv indoeuropeiska urspråket Turkish: tr Proto-Hint-Avrupaca Ukrainian: uk праіндоєвропе́йська f Urdu: ur اَوَّلِی ہِنْد یُورَپِی f avvalī-hind-yūrapī Welsh: cy Proto-Indo-Ewropeg See also ine-pro Noun Proto-Indo-European en speakeren anthropology countable A person who spoke the Proto-Indo-European language. en Indo-European Translations person who spoke the Proto-Indo-European language Dutch: nl Proto-Indo-Europeaan m Finnish: fi kantaindoeurooppalainen French: fr Indo-européen m, fr Indoeuropéen m Georgian: ka პროტოინდოევროპელი, ka წინარეინდოევროპელი German: de Urindogermane m Hindi: hi आदिम-हिन्द-यूरोपीय m, hi आदिम-भारोपीय m Hungarian: hu indoeurópai Irish: ga Próta-Ind-Eorpach m Lithuanian: lt indoeuropietis m, lt indoeuropietė f Macedonian: mk Праиндоевропе́ец Persian: fa نیاهندواروپایی‌زبان niyâ-hendo-orupâyi-zabân Polish: pl Praindoeuropejczyk m-pr, pl Praindoeuropejka f Romanian: ro indoeuropean m, ro indoeuropeană f Russian: ru праиндоевропе́ец m Slovene: sl Praindoevropejec m Spanish: es protoindoeuropeo m Turkish: tr Proto-Hint-Avrupalı Ukrainian: uk праіндоєвропе́єць m, uk праіндоєвропе́йка f Adjective - en linguistics anthropology Of or pertaining to the Proto-Indo-European language, or the people who spoke it. Translations pertaining to the Proto-Indo-European language, or the people who spoke it Indo-European Armenian: hy նախահնդեվրոպական Czech: cs praindoevropský Dutch: nl Proto-Indo-Europees French: fr indoeuropéen m Georgian: ka პროტოინდოევროპული, ka წინარეინდოევროპული German: de urindogermanisch, de indogermanisch Hindi: hi आदिम-हिन्द-यूरोपीय m, hi आदिम-भारोपीय m Hungarian: hu indoeurópai Icelandic: is frumindóevrópskur m Irish: ga Próta-Ind-Eorpach Macedonian: mk праиндоевропски Norwegian: Bokmål: nb urindoeuropeisk Nynorsk: nn urindoeuropeisk Persian: fa نیا-هندواروپایی niyâ-hendo-orupâyi Polish: pl praindoeuropejski Portuguese: pt protoindo-europeu m Romanian: ro stră-indoeuropean m n, ro proto-indoeuropean m n Russian: ru праиндоевропе́йский Slovene: sl praindoevropski Spanish: es protoindoeuropeo Swedish: sv urindoeuropeisk, sv protoindoeuropeisk Turkish: tr Proto-Hint-Avrupa grubuna ait, tr Proto-Hint-Avrupa grubundan Ukrainian: uk праіндоєвропе́йський Related terms en European en Indian en Indo-European language family en proto- See also Proto-Indo-European is the hypothetical ancestor language of many languages, including the following major groups: en Albanian Anatolian Armenian Balto-Slavic Celtic Germanic Greek Indo-Iranian Italic Tocharian ine-pro References en Indo-European studies