411 REFERENCE · Wiktionary
-ко
Reference material by Wiktionary contributors. This retains its source identity and is not 411 news reporting.
ко к'о ко- Appendix:Variations of "ko"
Bulgarian
Etymology
bg :inh<conj:and> sla-pro:*-ъko sla-pro:*-ьko 1 1 1 (the later causing palatalization of preceding velars).
Pronunciation
[PC] never accented
Suffix
bg suffix noun-forming suffixes m
Forms diminutive forms of masculine nouns (including personal names):
bg ба́те ба́тко
bg дете́ де́чко
bg еж е́жко
bg сняг сне́жко
bg Ива́н / Йоа́н Ива́нко / Я́нко
bg Дими́тър Ми́тко
Forms substantive nouns (including personal names), denoting carriers of a property, from of adjectives:
bg бо́рък бо́рко (adjectives in -ък lose the ending)
bg игри́в игри́вко
bg сръ́чен сръ́чко (adjectives in -ен lose the ending)
bg сърди́т сърди́тко
bg мил Ми́лко
bg вел(ик) Ве́лко
Forms masculine agent nouns (including personal names) from verbs or participles:
bg дърдо́ря дърдо́рко
bg сека́ се́чко
bg люби́м люби́мко
bg присмеху́л се присмеху́лко
Derived terms
bg
Related terms
bg -чо (< bg -ко -е diminutive suffix 1)
Macedonian
Etymology
mk sla-pro *-ьko.
Pronunciation
ко
Suffix
mk suffix noun-forming suffixes m
Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun.
mk брат братко
mk весел веселко
mk брбори брборко
mk трај Трајко
Derived terms
mk
Old Church Slavonic
Suffix
cu suffix
Forms correlatives of modality
Derived terms
како, тако, инако, онако, единако, сице
Pannonian Rusyn
Pronunciation
rsk ɔ 1
rsk ко
Etymology 1
rsk :inh zlw-osk:-ko<ety:inh<sla-pro:*-ьko>> 1 2
Suffix
rsk suffix mn feminine equivalent -ка diminutive -очко
rsk productive suffix forms diminutives of neuter nouns
rsk древо древко
rsk око очко
rsk ухо ушко
rsk яблуко яблучко
rsk зарно заренко
rsk масло маселко
rsk мидло миделко
rsk брадло браделко
rsk unproductive suffix forms surnames, diminutives or nicknames
rsk hu:Andris Андришко
rsk zlw-osk:buk Бучко
rsk marginally _ productive suffix forms male given names from masculine nouns
rsk дзвон Дзвонко
rsk мир Мирко
rsk marginally _ productive suffix forms diminutives of adverbs
rsk кущик кущичко
Usage notes
When suffixed to nouns ending in rsk -ло or rsk -но which are preceded in the root by a consonant, then rsk -е- is inserted after that consonant.
When suffixed to baby animal-declension nouns ending in rsk -е or rsk -є (i.e. oblique singular root rsk -ец- / rsk -єц-), it inserts the plural root rsk -ат-, thus forming rsk -атко or rsk -ятко.
Declension
Neuter nouns:
Masculine names/surnames:
-ко -ка / -ку -кови -ка / -ку -ком -кови -ко / -ку -кове -кох -ком -кох -ками -кох -кове
Derived terms
rsk
See also
rsk suffixes -очко
References
-КО 865 2
Etymology 2
Suffix
rsk suffixf
rsk -ка voc s
Anagrams
rsk -ок
Russian
Etymology
ru sla-pro *-ьko.
Pronunciation
y
-ко́ y
Suffix
ru suffix -ко -ко́
Creates diminutives of normally neuter nouns and adverbs, normally having a colloquial register.
ru я́блоко apple я́блочко small apple
ru пи́во beer -ко́ пивко́ beer
ru се́рдце heart серде́чко small heart; heart symbol
ru ведро́ bucket ведёрко small bucket, small pail
ru тихо́нько quiet тихо́нечко very quiet
ru солове́й nightingale солове́йко small nightingale
Usage notes
The suffix is added to the stem of the word (i.e. minus its final vowel, if any). An epenthetic vowel often breaks up stem-final consonant clusters, and velars become palatals according to the Slavic first palatalization (both effects are due to the yer that occurred at the Proto-Slavic level). These effects can be seen in ru серде́чко small heart, derived from ru се́рдце heart, and ru тихо́нечко very quiet, derived from ru тихо́нько quiet, itself containing the same diminutive ending. (Specifically, starting from the stem ru *тихо́ньк-, a vowel is epenthesized, producing ru тихо́нек-, and the final velar is palatalized, producing ru тихо́неч-.) In general, the combination ru -ко + ru -ко produces ru -ечко or ru -очко.
Declension
-ко *(1) or -ко́ *(1)
Derived terms
ru
Serbo-Croatian
Suffix
Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun, usually denoting a negative feature.
Ukrainian
Etymology
uk dim :inh sla-pro:*-ьko ++
Pronunciation
y
-ко́ y
Suffix
uk suffix -ко -ко́ m n
Creates diminutives of normally neuter nouns and adverbs, normally having a colloquial register.
uk пи́во beer -ко́ пивко́ beer
uk солове́й nightingale солове́йко small nightingale
Usage notes
The suffix is added to the stem of the word (i.e. minus its final vowel, if any). An epenthetic vowel often breaks up stem-final consonant clusters, and velars become palatals according to the Slavic first palatalization (both effects are due to the yer that occurred at the Proto-Slavic level). In general, the combination uk -ко + uk -ко produces uk -ечко, uk -очко
Declension
((-́ко<nom:-́ко.*.datovi:u>, -́ко<c.M.pr>, -ко́<b.MF.pr>, -́ко<nompl:-́ка.*.anml>))
Derived terms
uk