-plus

Latin Etymology la :der itc-pro:*-plos From la itc-pro *-plos, cognate with grc -πλόος or grc -πλός (as in grc διπλός), the second element of sga díabul double-plus 475 and possibly gem-pro *twīflaz doubt. From an unclear root of the form *pl(H), possibly from la ine-pro *pleh₁- to fill or la ine-pro *pelh₂- to approach or la ine-pro *pel- to fold, source of gem-pro *-falþaz -fold.Lucien van Beek 2022 Chapter 10 The Reflexes of *l̥ The Reflexes of Syllabic Liquids in Ancient Greek Leiden, The Netherlands Brill https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004469747_011 9789004469747 Compare also la -plex. Pronunciation -plus Suffix -plus -times, -fold, suffix used to form proportional numerals Usage notes The proportional suffix la -plus tends to describe a ratio of size or quantity relative to something else ("so many times as much, so many times as large") and is often used in the neuter singular form as a noun or an adverbial accusative. This proportional suffix is only attested in Classical Latin for a small set of numbers, perhaps only la simplus simple, la duplus twice as much, la triplus three times as much, la quadruplus four times as much, la octuplus eightfold, eight times as much, and la sēscuplus one-and-a-half times as much. It can be found attached to other numbers in postclassical texts, with various analogical alterations in form. For example, aside from la -uplus as in la octuplus, the suffix can be found in the forms: la -cuplus (from rebracketing of la decuplus, possibly also of la quīncuplus), as in la nōncuplus ninefold, la sexcuplus sixfold la -ecuplus, probably by rebracketing of la decuplus, seen in tens (such as la vīgecuplus or la vīcecuplus twentyfold, la quadrāgecuplus fortyfold, la octōgecuplus eightyfold, from la vīgintī, la quadrāgintā, la octōgintā), in la millecuplus thousandfold, and in la nōnecuplus (another variant for "ninefold"). Several numbers show multiple alternative formations. The ordinal numerals seem to have influenced some forms, such as la quīntuplus fivefold, la sextuplus sixfold, la nōnuplus ninefold from la quīntus fifth, la sextus sixth, la nōnus ninth. The multiplicative suffix la -plex has a similar meaning, but tends to be used adjectivally to describe something composed of or possessing multiple parts. Declension -plus Derived terms la References