411 REFERENCE · Wiktionary
-isch
Reference material by Wiktionary contributors. This retains its source identity and is not 411 news reporting.
isch Isch ìsch
Dutch
Alternative forms
nl -ies
Etymology
nl de -isch<id:adjective>. The native Dutch cognates are nl -s, earlier nl -sch.A. van Loey, "Schönfeld's Historische Grammatica van het Nederlands", Zutphen, 8. druk, 1970, 90-03-21170-1; § 171 The pronunciation /is/ is due to an earlier pronunciation standard, by which all German vowels were to be tense. (The contemporary German standard pronunciation is /ɪʃ/.) More at en -ish.
Pronunciation
nl /is/
nl /ɪs/ Some southern dialects
Suffix
-ic, -ian; forms relational adjectives from nouns
nl elektrolyt<t:electrolyte> elektrolytisch<t:electrolytic>
nl behaviorist<t:behaviorist><pos:noun> behavioristisch<t:behaviorist><pos:adjective>
nl utopie<t:utopia> utopisch<t:utopian>
-ian, -ese; forms demonym adjectives from proper nouns
nl Egypte<t:Egypt> Egyptisch<t:Egyptian>
nl Belarus<t:Belarus> Belarussisch<t:Belarusian>
nl Californië<t:California> Californisch<t:Californian>
Declension
Descendants
af -ies
id -is 1
Suffix
n
-ian, -ese; forms names of languages from proper nouns
nl Egypte<t:Egypt> Egyptisch<t:Egyptian><ng:language>
nl Belarus<t:Belarus> Belarussisch<t:Belarusian><ng:language>
nl Etrusk<t:Etruscan person> Etruskisch<t:Etruscan><ng:language>
Derived terms
nl
References
German
Etymology
de :inh gmh:-isch<id:adjective> adjective +
Pronunciation
de /ɪʃ/ standard
de /əʃ/ variant in common speech
de LL-Q188 (deu)-Frank C. Müller--isch.wav
Suffix
de suffix adjective-forming suffixes
an adjectival suffix, often matching en -ic and en -ical
of a nationality, or the language associated with a nationality; often matches en -ish or en -ian
Usage notes
In adjectives borrowed from Latin, French or Greek, it typically replaces the original adjectival ending la -icus, fr -ique or grc -ικός. This replacement does not happen when the same term is borrowed as a noun, such as in de Dynamik, in contrast to the associated adjective de dynamisch.
Derived terms
de
Descendants
nl -isch 1
See also
de -'sch, de -sch
de -lich
de -ig
Middle English
Alternative forms
enm -as -ce -ech -es -esh -eshe -esse -ez -ich -iche -ichs -iȝsh -ijs -is -isc -isce -ische -ise -ish -ishe -ishs -iske -issce -isse -sæ -ych -yche -ychs -yȝsh -ys -ysc -ysce -yse -ysh -yshe -yshs -yske -yssce -yssch -yssche -ysse -yssh -ysshe
Etymology
enm adjective :inh ang:-isċ<id:-ish>
enm ang -isċ, from enm gmw-pro *-isk, from enm gem-pro *-iskaz, with some forms and senses influenced by enm fro -ais, fro -eis and and enm non -isk.
Pronunciation
enm /-iʃ/
enm /-is/ especially <<N>>
Suffix
enm suffix adjective-forming suffixes
Affixed to proper nouns to form names of ethnic groups, languages, and nationalities.
Affixed to nouns to form adjectives denoting similarity to the base noun.
enm uncommon Affixed to place names to form demonyms.
enm uncommon late Affixed to other adjectives to weaken the sense; rather, somewhat.
Derived terms
enm
Descendants
en -ish
gmw-msc -is ; -isch
sco -s non-productive ; -ish
References
-ish suf MED23448 16 June 2018
Middle High German
Etymology
gmh :inh goh:-isc<id:adjective> adjective +
Pronunciation
-iʃ
Suffix
gmh suffix
used to form adjectives
gmh alp<t:elf> elbisch<t:elven>
used to form demonyms
gmh Ītālia<t:Italy> ītālisch<t:Italian>
Derived terms
gmh
Descendants
de -isch
gmw-cfr
hrx -isch
lb -esch
wym -yś
yi ־יש