411 REFERENCE · Wiktionary
-kah
Reference material by Wiktionary contributors. This retains its source identity and is not 411 news reporting.
Appendix:Variations of "kah"
Indonesian
Etymology
From id ms -kah, from id poz-pro *ka, from id map-pro *qa₂. Cognate with tl ka, hnn ka, ceb ka, ilo -ka, chk ka//ke. ja か ka a particle used to mark a statement as a question.
Pronunciation
id [kah]
id kah
Suffix
id suffix
added to modal verbs and adverbs in questions
id Bisakah saya tidur? Can I go to sleep?
added to interrogative words for emphasis
Further reading
Malay
Alternative forms
informal ms ke
dialectal ms ka, ms ke
Etymology
ms poz-pro *ka, from ms map-pro *qa₂. ms -lah. see also pam ka. Cognate with tl ka, hnn ka, ceb ka, ilo -ka, chk ka//ke. ja か ka a particle used to mark a statement as a question.
Pronunciation
ms /kah/
ms ah 1
Suffix
-که
Used on modal verbs and adverbs in questions.
ms Adakah awak lapar? Are you hungry?
ms w:Hikayat Bayan Budiman fiction Kadi Hasan 1371 w:Tutinama Ziya' al-Din Nakhshabi fa c. 1296–1316 transcribed from Jawi script into the Latin alphabet Ekawati Ekawati; Doni Setiyawan Jakarta Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa 2016 978-979-069-282-4 Akan tetapi, bukankah aku sudah melepaskanmu dan menyuruhmu terbang bebas? Nevertheless, have I not already released you and told you to fly free?
ms w:Hikayat Bayan Budiman fiction Kadi Hasan 1371 w:Tutinama Ziya' al-Din Nakhshabi fa c. 1296–1316 transcribed from Jawi script into the Latin alphabet Ekawati Ekawati; Doni Setiyawan Jakarta Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa 2016 978-979-069-282-4 Maukah tuan berdua mendengarkan cerita hamba ini? Would both masters want to hear the story of this servant?
ms Waspada agar tidak mudah terpedaya Be careful so as not to be easily deceived w:Media Permata https://mediapermata.com.bn/waspada-agar-tidak-mudah-terpedaya/ https://web.archive.org/web/20181029120250/https://mediapermata.com.bn/waspada-agar-tidak-mudah-terpedaya/ 29 October 2018 17 March 2018 Pernahkah anda bermasalah dengan orang yang memiliki wajah baik sedang sebenarnya menyimpan agenda buruk terhadap diri anda? Have you ever had problems with someone who has a good face but actually holds a bad agenda against you? 29 October 2018
Used on interrogative words to indicate emphasis.
ms Berapa ramaikah orang dalam keluarga awak? How many people are there in your family?
ms Dari manakah awak datang? Where do you come from?
ms w:Hikayat Bayan Budiman fiction Kadi Hasan 1371 w:Tutinama Ziya' al-Din Nakhshabi fa c. 1296–1316 transcribed from Jawi script into the Latin alphabet Ekawati Ekawati; Doni Setiyawan Jakarta Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa 2016 978-979-069-282-4 Lalu siapakah mengucapkan salam kepadaku? Then who has wished peace to me?
ms 2018 w:Willie Mongin Waktu Mesyuarat dan Urusan Dibebaskan Daripada Peraturan Mesyuarat Hansard of the Dewan Rakyat https://www.parlimen.gov.my/files/hindex/pdf/DR-07082018.pdf 41 Bukan kasinokah Yang Berhormat Kinabatangan? https://web.archive.org/web/20231016063141/https://www.parlimen.gov.my/files/hindex/pdf/DR-07082018.pdf 2023-10-16 Isn't it a casino, the right honourable Kinabatangan (Bung Moktar Radin)?
Used to indicate uncertainty in a statement.
ms Waspada agar tidak mudah terpedaya Be careful so as not to be easily deceived w:Media Permata https://mediapermata.com.bn/waspada-agar-tidak-mudah-terpedaya/ https://web.archive.org/web/20181029120250/https://mediapermata.com.bn/waspada-agar-tidak-mudah-terpedaya/ 29 October 2018 17 March 2018 Benarkah persepsi-persepsi ini? Betulkah wajah seseorang itu melambangkan siapa dia? Bolehkah kita meramal peribadi seseorang itu berdasarkan apa yang kita lihat sahaja? Are these perceptions real? Is it true that a person's face can represent who he/she is? Can we predict a person's personality based on what we see only? 29 October 2018
Usage notes
This suffix is usually only used in formal or literary speech or writing.
With question words such as ms apa what and ms siapa who:
It is only used when the word is the subject of the sentence, so while it would be used in a sentence like this:
ms Apakah nama kereta itu? What is the name of that car?
It wouldn't be used in a sentence like this where ms apa is the object of the sentence:
ms Nama kereta itu apa? What is the name of that car? (lit. "The name of that car is what?")
With non-question words:
It is only used when the word is at the start of a sentence, such as so:
ms Betulkah jawapan ini? Is this answer correct?
But when it is located at the end of a sentence, it is either used alongside ms adakah/ms apakah as so:
ms Adakah/Apakah jawapan ini betul? Is this answer correct?
Or not used alongside those two question words where it would carry a meaning of shock or surprise:
ms Jawapan ini betul?! This answer is correct?!
Descendants
id -kah
Navajo
Stem
nv stem
Verbal stem occurring in the following root, aspect, and mode combinations:
indent
MOM nv -KÁÁʼ (track)nv -KAI (go) nv -KÁÁʼ (track)nv -KAI (go)
CON nv -KÁÁʼ (track)nv -KAI (go) nv -KÁÁʼ (track)nv -KAI (go)
DIV nv -KAI (go) nv -KAI (go)
PROG nv -KAI (go) nv -KAI (go) nv -KAI (go)
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