-el

Appendix:Variations of "el" English Pronunciation en /əl/ /l̩/ Etymology 1 en ine-pro From en enm -el, from en ang -el, from en gem-pro *-ilaz. Alternative forms en -le -al Suffix noun-forming suffixes diminutive suffixes en unproductive suffix en agent nounSuffix forming nouns, originally denoting an instrument, from verbs, usually spelt en -le except after n and e. en runnel, en shovel, en dotel dotel en diminutiveDiminutive suffix in words of Germanic origin. en suffixes -cule -ee<id:diminutive> -et -ette -icle -ie -kin -le<id:diminutive> -let -ling -ole -ule -y prefixes mini- micro- nano- en hatchel, en hovel, en gomerel Etymology 2 From en enm -el, a merger of two suffixes: en ang -el diminutive suffix en fro -el diminutive suffix, from en la -ellus Suffix en unproductive suffix forms originally diminutive nouns, in words of mostly Romance origin en cupel, en chapel, en tunnel Derived terms en Anagrams en el -le LE Le LαE le Abenaki Suffix abe suffix Used on verbs, together with the prefix k-, to indicate that the first person singular (I) is the actor and the second person singular (you) is the object of the verb. n'kezalmô I love k'kezalmel I love you (singular) Usage notes The suffix is spelled -ol by some writers. See also -elba Breton Etymology Cf. fr -el (e.g. fr sexuel, fr individuel, fr industriel) Suffix br suffix To make an adjective of a noun; -al br broad nation broadel national Derived terms br Cornish Etymology Likely borrowed from kw en -al. Suffix Forming adjectives from nouns: en -al kw elven element elvennel elemental kw breus judgement breusel critical Derived terms kw Czech Etymology cs zlw-ocs -el, from cs sla-pro *-ьlъ, *-ъlъ. This suffix should be etymologically masculine. In the Old Czech, it was and the similar feminine suffix was -ěl, but these two suffixes have merged into one today. See e.g. Old Czech zlw-ocs kúpěl –> cs koupel (instead of expected cs koupěl). Pronunciation Suffix m-an,m-in,f forms nouns cs koza kozel cs pleva plevel cs koupat koupel Declension masculine animate (hard) m.an.* masculine inanimate (hard or soft) m.* m.soft m.soft.* feminine (soft) f Derived terms cs Further reading Danish Etymology From da fr -el, from da la -ālis. Pronunciation da /el/ [ˈɛlˀ] Suffix -al da -al Declension -ell Adjectives 1 et er Neuter nouns Derived terms da References Dutch Etymology nl :inh odt:*-el From nl odt *-el, from nl gmw-pro *-il, from nl gem-pro *-ilaz. nl probably more than one etymology involved Pronunciation nl /əl/ [əɫ] [ɔɫ] nl -el Suffix m,f<q:sometimes>,n<q:rarely> -s + nl no longer productive suffix nl diminutive forms diminutive nouns nl koren korrel nl instrument forms noun denoting an instrument nl -er nl sluiten sleutel Derived terms nl diminutive nl instrument Esperanto Pronunciation LL-Q143 (epo)-Lepticed7--el.wav Suffix eo suffix in [...] way -el is the ending for correlatives of manner or degree Derived terms eo 0 kiel<t:in what way, in what manner, how> tiel<t:in that way, in that manner, thus> ĉiel<t:in every way, in every manner> iel<t:in some way, in some manner, somehow> neniel<t:in no way, nohow> (nonce) eo aliel in another way, somehow else Franco-Provençal Pronoun frp pronoun form f frp postpositive form el French Etymology fr al :inh fro:-el<id:adjective> 1 fr fro -el, from fr la -ālis. fr -al. Pronunciation fr LL-Q150 (fra)-Lyokoï--el.wav <<France>> (<<Lyon>>) Suffix forms adjectives from nouns: -al Derived terms fr Descendants da -el 1 nl -eel 1 af -eel id -il 1 de -ell 1 nb -ell 1 nn -ell 1 sv -ell 1 tr -sel 1 yi ־על 1 See also fr -al German Etymology de :inh gmh:-el<ety:inh<goh:-il<ety:inh<gmw-pro:*-il<id:diminutive>>>>> :from -lein From de gmh -el, from de goh -il, direct descendant of de gmw-pro *-il, from de gem-pro *-ilaz, or from dialectal variants of de -lein, which as well ultimately go back to gem-pro *-ilaz or to gem-pro *-ilingaz. Pronunciation de /əl/ de De--el.ogg <<Germany>> (<<Berlin>>) de -el Suffix de n m suffix noun-forming suffixes de diminutive suffixes de productive suffix regional Upper German suffix in diminutives de Kind Kindel child little child, darling de Haus Häusel house little house suffix in nouns indicating appurtenance, i.e. accessories or things subordinate to a bigger entity de Arm Ärmel arm sleeve de Eiche Eichel oak acorn suffix in agent and instrumental nouns de Büttel, de Meißel, de Weisel Derived terms de Further reading -el Hungarian Etymology From hu -e- -l y. Pronunciation hu ɛl 1 Suffix hu suffix noun-forming suffixes verb-forming suffixes hu personal forms the second-person singular present tense of verbs ending in hu s, sz, z, dz (indicative mood, indefinite conjugation) hu keres to seek keresel you seek, you are seeking hu verb-forming forms verbs from nouns hu ebéd lunch ebédel to eat lunch hu noun-forming hu unproductive suffix forms nouns from verbs hu lep to cover lepel wrap Usage notes noun-forming suffix Variants: hu -al is added to back-vowel words hu -el is added to front-vowel words Derived terms hu verb hu noun See also :Category:Hungarian verb forms Appendix:Hungarian suffixes Low German Etymology 1 From nds gml -el, from nds osx -il, from nds gem-pro *-ilaz. Suffix nds suffix m Suffix forming nouns originally denoting an agent from verbs. nds Lepel, nds Snavel, en Stickel Etymology 2 From nds gml -ling. Result of resegmentation of nouns with nds -el and nds -ing suffixes. See the English suffix en -ling. Akin to English, Dutch and German nl -ling. Suffix nds suffix m A suffix that describes a male person (or other creature) in terms of a place of origin or a quality, as defined by the root to which it is added. Now often replaced by a compound with Jung for a male person, and Deern for a female person such as Lehrjung, Lehrdeern (male/female pupil). Derived terms nds Bückel nds Stickel Middle English Etymology 1 enm adjectival From enm ang -el, ang -ol, from enm gmw-pro *-ul, from enm gem-pro *-ulaz. Alternative forms enm -le Pronunciation enm /-əl/ Suffix enm suffix adjective-forming suffixes Forms adjectives meaning "tending to" or "able to" from verbs. Derived terms enm -el (adjectival) Descendants en -le sco -le References -el suf.(2) MED13191 Etymology 2 enm agentive From enm ang -el, ang -ol, from enm gmw-pro *-il, from enm gem-pro *-ilaz. Alternative forms enm -ell -il -ill -le -ul -yl -yll -ylle Pronunciation enm /-əl/ Suffix enm suffix noun-forming suffixes Forms diminutives from verbs or other nouns. Forms agent nouns from verbs or other nouns. Derived terms enm -el (agentive) Descendants en -le -el sco -le -el References -el suf.(1) MED13190 Etymology 3 enm diminutive From enm fro -el, fro -ele, from enm la -ālis and la -ellus, la -ella. Alternative forms enm -ele -ell -elle -eylle -le -yll -ylle Pronunciation enm /-ˈɛːl(ə)/ /-ɛl(ə)/ Suffix enm suffix noun-forming suffixes Forms diminutives from verbs or other nouns. Derived terms enm -el (diminutive) Descendants en -el -le Etymology 4 Suffix enm suffix 1 enm -al Etymology 5 Suffix enm suffix 1 enm -len enm diminutive suffixes Norman Etymology From nrf fro -el, from nrf la -ālis. Suffix nrf suffix makes an adjectival form of a noun; -al Derived terms nrf Norwegian Nynorsk Alternative forms nn -le Etymology From nn non -ill, from nn gem-pro *-ilaz agent and diminutive suffix. Cognate with en -le, en -el and sv -el. Suffix nn suffix nn no longer productive suffix forms diminutive nouns nn kiste<t:a chest> kistel<t:a case, box> nn trog<t:a trough> trygel<t:a small trough> nn bete<t:a bite> bitel<t:the bit of a bridle> nn no longer productive suffix forms agent or instrumental nouns nn luka<t:to close, lock> lykel<t:a key> nn gyrda<t:to bind, gird> gyrdel<t:a girdle> See also nn -sel, nn -sle noun-forming suffix References %el nn noun-forming suffixes Old Czech Etymology zlw-ocs :inh sla-pro:*-ьlъ + 1 Suffix m-pr,m-anml,m-in forms nouns zlw-ocs koza kozel zlw-ocs s- + viezti sviezel Derived terms zlw-ocs Descendants cs -el See also zlw-ocs -ěl Old English Pronunciation -el ang el 1 Etymology 1 From ang gem-pro *-a-l-. Suffix ang -ol; forms adjectives meaning “liable to” or “able to” Etymology 2 From ang gem-pro *-ilaz. Alternative forms ang -il Suffix m forms agent and instrumental nouns from verbs; causes i-mutation ang crēopan<t:to creep> crypel<t:cripple> ang bēodan<t:to command> bydel<t:herald, messenger> ang spittan<t:to dig> spitel<t:shovel> ang hladan<t:to lade> hlædel<t:ladle> ang þrēapian<t:to reprove, reprehend> þrīpel<t:instrument of punishment, cross> Declension -el -elas,-las -el -elas,-las -eles,-les -ela,-la -ele,-le -elum,-lum Descendants enm -el agentive 1 Old French Pronunciation fro /ˈɛl/ Etymology 1 fro adjective :inh la:-ālis<id:adjectivizing suffix> 1 ++ Suffix fro suffix used to form an adjective Derived terms fro adjective Descendants fr -el Etymology 2 fro diminutive :inh la:-ellus 1 ++ Suffix fro suffix used to form a diminutive Derived terms fro diminutive Descendants roa-ang -iau roa-bbn -iau roa-brg -eâ roa-cha -é -iau roa-fcm -é -ia roa-gal -ë -iao roa-lor -é frm -eau nrf -é iaô pcd -iau -ieu roa-poi -ea wa -ea enm -el diminutive 1 fro adjective-forming suffixes diminutive suffixes Polish Etymology pl nominal :inh sla-pro:*-ělъ<id:nominal> + 1 Pronunciation LL-Q809 (pol)-Olaf--el.wav Suffix pl suffix m forms masculine agent nouns pl śmierdzieć śmierdziel Declension Masculine personal: -e l -ele/-elowie -eli/-elów Masculine animate: -e l Masculine inanimate: -e l Derived terms pl Further reading Romani Suffix rom suffix inflectional suffixes Forms the third-person singular present indicative of consonantal oikoclitic verbs Romanian Etymology ro :inh la:-ellus + 1 Pronunciation ro /el/ Suffix ro suffix m plural -ei feminine -ea feminine plural -ele diminutive suffixes used to form a masculine diminutive of a word (e.g. ro băiat băiețel boy little boy ro -uș -aș -uț -șor Declension -ei Derived terms ro Related terms ro -ea Swedish Etymology From sv gmq-osw -il, ultimately from sv gem-pro *-ilaz. Cognate with en -le noun, en -el. Suffix sv suffix sv agent noun forms agent nouns and instrument nouns such as tools sv spinna spindel to spin spider sv gjorda gördel to gird to gird girdle sv diminutive forms nouns of diminutive connotation sv stång stängel pole stalk References svetym 0033.html -el Turkish Pronunciation Etymology 1 al el A variation of tr -il derives deverbals and denominals, from tr trk-pro *-il or trk-pro *-gil. Both variants likely merged with homophonic tr -il derives adjectives for onomatopoeia and colors. See tr şırıltı onomatopoeia for flowing water, tr kızıl red and tr yeşil green. For words using the same suffix, see tr güzel beautiful, tr tombul chubby, tr tükel complete, perfect, tr kutsal holy, sacred, tr çatal fork and tr çakıl gravel. Perhaps influenced by French fr -al, whence tr -sel as in tr göksel or tr işitsel but not tr kutsal.102 Suffix tr adjectivalDerives adjectives from nouns and verbs. tr öz<t:self> özel<t:private, special> Derived terms tr -el (adjectival) Etymology 2 al el From tr ota ـال -al, -el or ota ـل -l, a combination of tr trk-pro *-a *-(g)a verb-forming suffix and trk-pro *-l *-il passive suffix.Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–), "+Al-" - in Nişanyan Sözlük-al 184 Suffix tr verbalDerives reflexive verbs from nouns and adjectives. tr ince<t:thin> -l incelmek<t:to thin, to get thinner> tr dar<t:narrow> -al daralmak<t:to get/become narrow> tr çok<t:many, much> -al çoğalmak<t:to multiply> tr düz<t:straight> düzelmek<t:to straighten> tr kısa<t:short> -l kısalmak<t:to shorten> tr yön<t:direction> yönelmek<t:to face, to turn (oneself) towards> tr diri<t:alive, not dead> -l dirilmek<t:to come alive, to come back to life> Usage notes When affixed to words ending in consonants, the consonant on the suffix is dropped, as in tr dirilmek and tr kısalmak. If the last syllable of the word contains an -l, such as after the suffix tr -le, the suffix turns into -n, as in tr dinlenmek to rest, tr kullanmak to use, tr nişanlanmak to get engaged. Derived terms tr -el (verbal) References Volapük Suffix vo suffix Used to indicate a maker of a certain thing. Derived terms vo