411 REFERENCE · Wiktionary
Celestial Empire
Reference material by Wiktionary contributors. This retains its source identity and is not 411 news reporting.
English
Etymology
en lzh-lit ^天朝lzh check whether this should be lzh-lit ("Literary Chinese") or lzh ("Classical Chinese", < c. 200 AD).
Proper noun
Celestial Empire 1
The Empire of China.
en Cathay China Empire of China
en 10 April 1857 Elihu Bartlit Pond The Weekly Michigan Argus XII [15] (585 overall) Ann Arbor, Mich. Elihu B. Pond [2] https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/1182353651/ 8 37686894 Among the leading features of the quincuplex troupe are / A Party of Chinese Jugglers and Artists / Recently arrived from the Celestial Empire,
I 246 And then he possessed the most delightful chinoiseries—trophies of his sojourn in the Celestial Empire: pagodas of ebony and cabinets of ivory; sculpted monsters, .
en a. 1905 anonymous w:Jules Verne https://gutenberg.org/cache/epub/11263/pg11263-images.html The Adventures of a Special Correspondent Among the Various Races and Countries of Central Asia w:Claudius Bombarnac It is true, there is Turkish of which I had picked up a few phrases, and there is Chinese of which I did not understand a single word. But I had no fear of remaining dumb in Turkestan and the Celestial Empire.
en 1912 w:Arthur Henderson Smith Uplifting Leaders The Uplift of China https://archive.org/details/upliftofchina00smit/ 1203455 117 https://archive.org/details/upliftofchina00smit/page/117/ Had it not been for the casual discovery in the year 1625 of a deeply buried Xi'an Stele black marble tablet near Hsi-an containing nearly 1,700 Chinese characters, and a long list of names of priests in Syriac, the fact that such a sect rooted itself in the Celestial Empire would never have been believed, as indeed after the tablet was unearthed it was for a long time discredited.
en 1991 Chris Mullin The Year of the Fire Monkey https://archive.org/details/yearoffiremonkey0000mull/ London w:Chatto & Windus Fiction 0701136936 26471461 252 https://archive.org/details/yearoffiremonkey0000mull/page/252/ LIKE THE MANDARINS of old, the rulers of China live behind high walls. When they emerge, which they rarely do, they travel in cars with rear windows curtained like sedan chairs.They live in the Chung Nan Hai, a walled park adjacent to the Forbidden City from where ancient dynasties ruled the Celestial Empire.
w:Ross Douthat w:Dan Wang This Is Why America Is Losing to China 2025-09-04 https://www.nytimes.com/2025/09/04/opinion/china-global-superpower-dan-wang.html The contrast is with these two big binaries: Does China want to supplant the U.S. wholesale as the global superpower—not only in technology but also financial terms and diplomatic terms and pretty much everything else that the U.S. is good at? Or does it want to retreat and become the celestial empire once more, as the Qing dynasty once called itself—close the doors against all of the barbarians, seize Taiwan because it must[,] to fulfill the aims of Mao in the Civil War, and mostly dominate its near neighbors? https://web.archive.org/web/20251030144046/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/09/04/opinion/china-global-superpower-dan-wang.html 30 October 2025
Derived terms
en celestial a person from the Celestial Empire
Translations
Empire of China
Chinese:
Cantonese: yue 天朝 tin1 ciu4
Mandarin: cmn 天朝 Tiāncháo
Dutch: nl Hemels Keizerrijk n
French: fr Céleste-Empire m, fr Empire Céleste m
German: de himmlisches Reich n
Japanese: ja
Korean: ko 천조국(天朝國)
Polish: pl Niebiańskie Imperium n
Russian: ru Поднебе́сная f
Spanish: es Imperio celeste m
Ukrainian: uk Піднебе́сна f
en China History of China