-o-

Appendix:Variations of "o" English Alternative forms en -ö- clarifies pronunciation very rare Etymology 1 combining forms en connective :bor la:-o-<id:connective> Adopted from en la -o-, originating ultimately from en grc -ο-. In English, the connective is found from the Middle English period in direct borrowings from Latin. Direct formations of English terms with the connective, always combining Greek or Latin roots, appear from the 16th or 17th century. From the 18th century, the suffix becomes productive in compounds where the second element is English. From about 1800, formations on all sorts of stems become common. Interfix en interfix A linking vowel inserted interconsonantally between two morphemes, to ease pronunciation, without contributing to the meaning. It frequently joins words or classical compound combining forms of Ancient Greek or Classical Latin origin in the classical compound classical compounds of New Latin and international scientific vocabulary, but it can also be used to join modern terms and even abbreviations, either formally or informally. en extreme -o- -phile extremophile en blog -o- -sphere blogosphere en speed -o- meter speedometer en sadism -o- masochism sadomasochism en smell -o- vision smell-o-vision Derived terms en Translations linking vowel between morphemes Irish: ga -a- Kashubian: csb -o- Polish: pl -o- Portuguese: pt -o- unstressed, pt -ó- stressed, pt -ô- stressed before a nasal consonant, in Brazilian Portuguese See also en -e- en -i- en -u- Etymology 2 Designated in the USAN guidelines for non-proprietary names of monoclonal antibodies. Interfix en interfix en pharmacology a monoclonal antibody derived from a murine source Related terms en -mab is the base suffix common to all monoclonal antibodies. (See that entry for full paradigm.) References USP Dictionary of USAN and International Drug Names, U.S. Pharmacopeia, 2000 Further reading 129454 00161108 -o suffix en Medicine Catalan Alternative forms ca -ò- Interfix ca interfix en -o- (forms compounds) Usage notes Has the stressed variant -ò- which is used before certain mostly monosyllabic suffixes such as ca -crata, ca -fag, ca -fob, ca -graf, ca -man, etc. Derived terms ca Czech Etymology cs :inh zlw-ocs:-o-<ety:inh<sla-pro:*-o->> 1 :sla-pro Pronunciation Interfix cs interfix forms compounds Derived terms cs Dutch Interfix nl interfix en -o- Derived terms nl French Etymology fr :inh la:-o-<id:connective> + ++ Pronunciation Interfix fr interfix en -o- Derived terms fr German Etymology de connective :bor la:-o-<id:connective> From de la -o-. Pronunciation de De--o-.ogg <<Germany>> (<<Berlin>>) Interfix de interfix en -o- Derived terms de Hungarian Pronunciation Interfix hu interfix A suffix-initial vowel (or linking vowel) inserted interconsonantally between the word stem and the suffix, to ease pronunciation, without contributing to the meaning. hu kor age -o- + -k korok ages See also hu -a- -á- -e- -ö- Italian Etymology it :inh la:-o-<id:connective> + ++ Pronunciation Interfix it interfix en -o- Derived terms it Kashubian Etymology csb sla-pro *-o-. Compare zlw-slv -ô- Pronunciation csb /-ɔ-/ Interfix csb interfix used to link two words in some compounds; en -o- Derived terms csb Latin Etymology la connective :der grc:-ο-<id:connective> Adopted from the thematic vowel in la grc -ο-, often used to form nominal compounds. In Ancient Greek, the connective suffix originates in compounds where the first member is thematic, such as grc δημοκρατία, but was extended by analogy to other stems, such as grc μητρόπολις. The suffix was borrowed as a connective into Latin, mainly in compounds of Greek origin. The suffix becomes productive and forms new compounds in learned humanist Latin, from the Renaissance. The connective is especially productive in connecting ethnonyms or geographical terms; genuine Greek stems include Gallo-, and Syro-, but most are of medieval or modern origin, productive from the 15th century, such as Anglo-, Graeco- or Latino-. Interfix la interfix la post-classical Latin Suffix forming nominal compounds la Anglus<t:Angle, English> -o- saxonicus<t:Saxon> anglosaxonicus<t:Anglo-Saxon> Derived terms la Old Polish Etymology zlw-opl interfix :inh sla-pro:*-o-<id:interfix> + 1 Pronunciation Interfix zlw-opl interfix used in compound words Derived terms zlw-opl Descendants pl -o- szl -o- Old Slovak Etymology zlw-osk :inh sla-pro:*-o- + 1 Interfix zlw-osk interfix Used to form compounds. Polish Etymology pl interfix :inh zlw-opl:-o-<id:interfix> + 1 Pronunciation LL-Q809 (pol)-Olaf--o-.wav o,o-,-o Interfix pl interfix used in compound words pl deszcz -o- mierzyć deszczomierz Derived terms pl See also pl -i-, pl -u-, pl -y- Portuguese Alternative forms pt -ó- stressed Pronunciation Unstressed: Stressed: ó Interfix pt interfix en -o- Derived terms pt Further reading Romanian Etymology ro :inh la:-o-<id:connective> + ++ Interfix ro interfix en -o- Derived terms ro Serbo-Croatian Etymology sh sla-pro *-o-. Interfix sh interfix Cyrillic spelling -о- Interfix used for forming nominal compounds. sh kiša kiš + sh -o- + sh braniti -bran → sh kȉšobrān Derived terms sh Slovak Etymology sk :inh zlw-osk:-o- + 1 Interfix sk interfix Used to form compounds. Derived terms sk Slovene Etymology sl sla-pro *-o- Interfix sl interfix Used to form compounds. Derived terms sl Spanish Etymology es :lbor la:-o-<id:connective> 1 + Pronunciation Interfix es interfix en -o- Derived terms es Swahili Infix sw infix sw infixed form -o 2, 3, and 11 relative marker See also Swedish Etymology From sv gmq-osw -u, gmq-osw -o, from the Old Swedish genitive form of Germanic feminine ōn-stems. Alternates with sv -u- according to Old Swedish rules of syllable weight, where -o was used after heavy syllables and -u after light. Interfix sv interfix Genitival interfix used to link elements in some compounds. Usage notes Used as interfix in compounds with certain old weak feminines ending in -a. Some common ones are sv hälsa health, e.g. sv hälsocentral health center; sv kvinna woman, e.g. sv kvinnoorganisation women's organisation; sv känsla feeling, e.g. sv känsloliv emotional life; sv vecka week, e.g. sv veckodag day of the week; sv vila rest, e.g. sv vilopuls resting heart rate; sv lära teaching, theory, e.g. sv läromedel teaching aids; sv föda food, diet, e.g. sv födoämne foodstuff; sv människa human, e.g. sv människovärde human dignity; sv saga tale, e.g. sv sagobok storybook, etc. Alternates with a zero interfix (vowel deletion) in some words, cf. sv kyrkogård churchyard, but sv kyrktorn church tower; sv kronofogde enforcement officer, but sv kronblad petal. The interfix was formerly mostly confined to the written literary language, whereas the spoken colloquial language preferred compounds with no -o- or with -e- in some dialects, but forms with -o- are now common in the spoken language, and formerly colloquial pronunciations such as körrgård for sv kyrkogård are today less common. Derived terms sv See also sv -u- sv -s- sv -a- sv -e- References Teleman, Ulf; Hellberg, Staffan; Andersson, Erik & Holm, Lisa (1999). Svenska akademiens grammatik 2 Ord. Stockholm: Svenska akad. Wessén, Elias (1958). Svensk språkhistoria. 2, Ordbildningslära. 3. ed. Stockholm: Almqvist & Wiksell Upper Sorbian Etymology hsb :inh sla-pro:*-o- + 1 Pronunciation Syllabification hsb -o- Interfix hsb interfix used in compound words hsb horni -o- serbšćina hornjoserbšćina Derived terms hsb